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Title: Top and bottom surfaces limit carrier lifetime in lead iodide perovskite films

Abstract

Carrier recombination at defects is detrimental to the performance of solar energy conversion systems, including solar cells and photoelectrochemical devices. Point defects are localized within the bulk crystal while extended defects occur at surfaces and grain boundaries. If not properly managed, surfaces can be a large source of carrier recombination. Separating surface carrier dynamics from bulk and/or grain-boundary recombination in thin films is challenging. Here, we employ transient reflection spectroscopy to measure the surface carrier dynamics in methylammonium lead iodide perovskite polycrystalline films. We find that surface recombination limits the total carrier lifetime in perovskite polycrystalline thin films, meaning that recombination inside grains and/or at grain boundaries is less important than top and bottom surface recombination. As a result, the surface recombination velocity in polycrystalline films is nearly an order of magnitude smaller than that in single crystals, possibly due to unintended surface passivation of the films during synthesis.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  2. National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; USDOE NREL Director's Fellowship; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
OSTI Identifier:
1343263
Report Number(s):
NREL/JA-5900-67004
Journal ID: ISSN 2058-7546
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC36-08GO28308
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Energy
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 2; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2058-7546
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
14 SOLAR ENERGY; 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; surface recombination; perovskite solar cells; transient spectroscopy; solar cells; solar energy; optical spectroscopy

Citation Formats

Yang, Ye, Yang, Mengjin, Moore, David T., Yan, Yong, Miller, Elisa M., Zhu, Kai, and Beard, Matthew C. Top and bottom surfaces limit carrier lifetime in lead iodide perovskite films. United States: N. p., 2017. Web. doi:10.1038/nenergy.2016.207.
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Yang, Ye, Yang, Mengjin, Moore, David T., Yan, Yong, Miller, Elisa M., Zhu, Kai, & Beard, Matthew C. Top and bottom surfaces limit carrier lifetime in lead iodide perovskite films. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.207
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Yang, Ye, Yang, Mengjin, Moore, David T., Yan, Yong, Miller, Elisa M., Zhu, Kai, and Beard, Matthew C. Mon . "Top and bottom surfaces limit carrier lifetime in lead iodide perovskite films". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.207. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1343263.
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@article{osti_1343263,
title = {Top and bottom surfaces limit carrier lifetime in lead iodide perovskite films},
author = {Yang, Ye and Yang, Mengjin and Moore, David T. and Yan, Yong and Miller, Elisa M. and Zhu, Kai and Beard, Matthew C.},
abstractNote = {Carrier recombination at defects is detrimental to the performance of solar energy conversion systems, including solar cells and photoelectrochemical devices. Point defects are localized within the bulk crystal while extended defects occur at surfaces and grain boundaries. If not properly managed, surfaces can be a large source of carrier recombination. Separating surface carrier dynamics from bulk and/or grain-boundary recombination in thin films is challenging. Here, we employ transient reflection spectroscopy to measure the surface carrier dynamics in methylammonium lead iodide perovskite polycrystalline films. We find that surface recombination limits the total carrier lifetime in perovskite polycrystalline thin films, meaning that recombination inside grains and/or at grain boundaries is less important than top and bottom surface recombination. As a result, the surface recombination velocity in polycrystalline films is nearly an order of magnitude smaller than that in single crystals, possibly due to unintended surface passivation of the films during synthesis.},
doi = {10.1038/nenergy.2016.207},
journal = {Nature Energy},
number = 2,
volume = 2,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2017},
month = {Mon Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2017}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.207
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    journal, September 2018

    Solution‐Processed Visible‐Blind Ultraviolet Photodetectors with Nanosecond Response Time and High Detectivity
    journal, June 2019

    • Chen, Zhaolai; Li, Chenglong; Zhumekenov, Ayan A.
    • Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 19
    • DOI: 10.1002/adom.201900506

    Efficient Carbon-Based CsPbBr3 Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells by Using Cu-Phthalocyanine as Hole Transport Material
    journal, January 2018

    Hybrid perovskite films approaching the radiative limit with over 90% photoluminescence quantum efficiency
    journal, April 2018

    • Braly, Ian L.; deQuilettes, Dane W.; Pazos-Outón, Luis M.
    • Nature Photonics, Vol. 12, Issue 6
    • DOI: 10.1038/s41566-018-0154-z

    Low-temperature processed non-TiO 2 electron selective layers for perovskite solar cells
    journal, January 2018

    • Guo, Zhanglin; Gao, Liguo; Zhang, Chu
    • Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.1039/c7ta10742k

    Research Update: Recombination and open-circuit voltage in lead-halide perovskites
    journal, October 2018

    • Kirchartz, Thomas; Krückemeier, Lisa; Unger, Eva L.
    • APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 10
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.5052164

    Dual Functions of Crystallization Control and Defect Passivation Enabled by Sulfonic Zwitterions for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
    text, January 2018

    • X., Xiao,; Y., Lin,; Y., Fang,
    • The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
    • DOI: 10.17615/vb0v-qt95

    Photodoping through local charge carrier accumulation in alloyed hybrid perovskites for highly efficient luminescence
    text, January 2020

    • Feldmann, Sascha; Macpherson, Stuart; Senanayak, Sp
    • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
    • DOI: 10.17863/cam.54198

    Performance-limiting nanoscale trap clusters at grain junctions in halide perovskites.
    text, January 2020

    • Doherty, Tiarnan; Winchester, Andrew J.; Macpherson, Stuart
    • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
    • DOI: 10.17863/cam.54201

    High-efficiency perovskite–polymer bulk heterostructure light-emitting diodes
    text, January 2018

    • Zhao, Baodan; Bai, S.; Kim, Vincent
    • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
    • DOI: 10.17863/cam.33461

    Thin single crystal perovskite solar cells to harvest below-bandgap light absorption
    text, January 2017

    • Shi, Tang,; Yehao, Deng,; Xun, Xiao,
    • The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
    • DOI: 10.17615/fs7k-w655

    Hot Electron Injection into Semiconducting Polymers in Polymer Based-Perovskite Solar Cells and Their Fate
    journal, January 2018

    • Jiménez-López, Jesús; Puscher, Bianka M. D.; Cambarau, Werther
    • SSRN Electronic Journal
    • DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3305584

    Nonradiative Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells: The Role of Interfaces
    text, January 2019

    High-efficiency perovskite-polymer bulk heterostructure light-emitting diodes
    text, January 2018

    Efficient Carbon-Based CsPbBr3 Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells by Using Cu-Phthalocyanine as Hole Transport Material
    journal, January 2018

    Monitoring Charge Carrier Diffusion across a Perovskite Film with Transient Absorption Spectroscopy
    journal, December 2019

    • Pasanen, Hannu P.; Vivo, Paola; Canil, Laura
    • The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03427

    Thin single crystal perovskite solar cells to harvest below-bandgap light absorption
    journal, December 2017

    Lead halide perovskites for photocatalytic organic synthesis
    journal, June 2019

    Carrier lifetime enhancement in halide perovskite via remote epitaxy
    journal, September 2019

    Regulating strain in perovskite thin films through charge-transport layers
    journal, March 2020

    Fabricating Surface-Functionalized CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 Nanosheets for Visible-Light Photocatalytic Oxidation of Styrene
    journal, March 2020

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