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Title: Using neutrons to measure keV temperatures in highly compressed plastic at multi-Gbar pressures

Abstract

In this study, we have designed an experiment for the National Ignition Facility to measure the Hugoniot of materials such as plastic at extreme pressures. The design employs a strong spherically converging shock launched through a solid ball of material using a hohlraum radiation drive. The shock front conditions can be characterized using X-ray radiography until background from shock coalescence overtakes the backlit signal. Shock coalescence at the center is predicted to reach tens of Gbars and can be further characterized by measuring the X-ray self-emission and 2.45 MeV neutrons emitted from the shock flash region. In this simulation design work the standard plastic sphere is replaced with a deuterated polyethylene sphere, CD2, that reaches sufficiently high densities and temperatures in the central hot spot to produce neutrons from Deuterium-Deuterium (DD) fusion reactions that can be measured by a neutron time of flight spectrometer (nTOF) and act as a temperature diagnostic. This paper focuses on the design of these experiments, based on an extensive suite of radiation-hydrodynamics simulations, and the interpretation of the predicted DD neutron signals. The simulations predict mean temperatures of 1 keV in the central hot spot with mean densities of 33 g/cc and mean pressures ofmore » 25 Gbar. Lastly, a preliminary comparison with early experimental results looks promising with an average ion temperature of 1.06 ± 0.15 keV in the central hot spot estimated from the nTOF spectral width and measured neutron yield of 7.0 (±0.5) × 109 DD neutrons.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [3];  [1];  [1]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
  3. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  4. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1341951
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1372140; OSTI ID: 1410707
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-673670
Journal ID: ISSN 1574-1818; TRN: US1701324
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-07NA27344; AC02-76SF00515; 13-ERD-073
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
High Energy Density Physics
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 21; Journal ID: ISSN 1574-1818
Publisher:
Elsevier
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION; Gbar; Shock compression; EOS; Hugoniot

Citation Formats

Nilsen, J., Bachmann, B., Zimmerman, G. B., Hatarik, R., Döppner, T., Swift, D., Hawreliak, J., Collins, G. W., Falcone, R. W., Glenzer, S. H., Kraus, D., Landen, O. L., and Kritcher, A. L. Using neutrons to measure keV temperatures in highly compressed plastic at multi-Gbar pressures. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2016.10.001.
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Nilsen, J., Bachmann, B., Zimmerman, G. B., Hatarik, R., Döppner, T., Swift, D., Hawreliak, J., Collins, G. W., Falcone, R. W., Glenzer, S. H., Kraus, D., Landen, O. L., & Kritcher, A. L. Using neutrons to measure keV temperatures in highly compressed plastic at multi-Gbar pressures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2016.10.001
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Nilsen, J., Bachmann, B., Zimmerman, G. B., Hatarik, R., Döppner, T., Swift, D., Hawreliak, J., Collins, G. W., Falcone, R. W., Glenzer, S. H., Kraus, D., Landen, O. L., and Kritcher, A. L. Thu . "Using neutrons to measure keV temperatures in highly compressed plastic at multi-Gbar pressures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2016.10.001. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1341951.
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@article{osti_1341951,
title = {Using neutrons to measure keV temperatures in highly compressed plastic at multi-Gbar pressures},
author = {Nilsen, J. and Bachmann, B. and Zimmerman, G. B. and Hatarik, R. and Döppner, T. and Swift, D. and Hawreliak, J. and Collins, G. W. and Falcone, R. W. and Glenzer, S. H. and Kraus, D. and Landen, O. L. and Kritcher, A. L.},
abstractNote = {In this study, we have designed an experiment for the National Ignition Facility to measure the Hugoniot of materials such as plastic at extreme pressures. The design employs a strong spherically converging shock launched through a solid ball of material using a hohlraum radiation drive. The shock front conditions can be characterized using X-ray radiography until background from shock coalescence overtakes the backlit signal. Shock coalescence at the center is predicted to reach tens of Gbars and can be further characterized by measuring the X-ray self-emission and 2.45 MeV neutrons emitted from the shock flash region. In this simulation design work the standard plastic sphere is replaced with a deuterated polyethylene sphere, CD2, that reaches sufficiently high densities and temperatures in the central hot spot to produce neutrons from Deuterium-Deuterium (DD) fusion reactions that can be measured by a neutron time of flight spectrometer (nTOF) and act as a temperature diagnostic. This paper focuses on the design of these experiments, based on an extensive suite of radiation-hydrodynamics simulations, and the interpretation of the predicted DD neutron signals. The simulations predict mean temperatures of 1 keV in the central hot spot with mean densities of 33 g/cc and mean pressures of 25 Gbar. Lastly, a preliminary comparison with early experimental results looks promising with an average ion temperature of 1.06 ± 0.15 keV in the central hot spot estimated from the nTOF spectral width and measured neutron yield of 7.0 (±0.5) × 109 DD neutrons.},
doi = {10.1016/j.hedp.2016.10.001},
journal = {High Energy Density Physics},
number = ,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Thu Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2016.10.001
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    First-principles equation of state and shock compression predictions of warm dense hydrocarbons
    journal, July 2017

    X-ray penumbral imaging diagnostic developments at the National Ignition Facility
    conference, September 2017

    • Felker, Sean J.; Bachmann, Benjamin; Abu Shawareb, Hatim
    • Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion VI
    • DOI: 10.1117/12.2274611

    First-principles Equation of State and Shock Compression Predictions of Warm Dense Hydrocarbons
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