Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures
Abstract
Peatlands contain one-third of the world’s soil carbon (C), mostly in the deep permanently saturated anoxic zone (i.e., catotelm)1 where C mineralization rates may be constrained, in part, by low temperatures; yet all soil warming experiments to date have focused on the response of peatland C degradation to surface warming2, 3. If the slow decomposition of deep peat C is due to kinetic constraints, then increasing temperatures at depth should cause parallel increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) and/or methane (CH4) production rates. Increasing CH4 emissions are of particular concern because CH4 has a sustained-flux global warming potential (SGWP) 45-times greater than CO2 over a 100- year timeframe4, creating a significant positive feedback to climate warming. Using a novel whole-ecosystem scale experiment in a regression-based design we show that ecosystem scale warming of deep peat exponentially increased CH4 emissions —but not ecosystem respiration of CO2— in the first year. Multiple lines of evidence, including laboratory incubations and in situ analyses of 14C, dissolved gases, and microbial community metabolic potential, indicate that CH4 emissions increased due to surface processes and not degradation of deep C. Our results indicate that rapid changes to the large bank of deep buried C in temperate peatlandsmore »
- Authors:
-
- Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences
- Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States). Inst. of Ecology and Evolution
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab.
- USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Grand Rapids, MN (United States)
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Chapman Univ., Orange, CA (United States). Schmid College of Science and Technology
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Biological Sciences and School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1336572
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1339878
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-118747
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723; KP1702010; ERKP788
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725; AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory; carbon cycle
Citation Formats
Wilson, R. M., Hopple, A. M., Tfaily, M. M., Sebestyen, S. D., Schadt, C. W., Pfeifer-Meister, L., Medvedeff, C., McFarlane, K. J., Kostka, J. E., Kolton, M., Kolka, R. K., Kluber, L. A., Keller, J. K., Guilderson, T. P., Griffiths, N. A., Chanton, J. P., Bridgham, S. D., and Hanson, P. J. Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms13723.
Wilson, R. M., Hopple, A. M., Tfaily, M. M., Sebestyen, S. D., Schadt, C. W., Pfeifer-Meister, L., Medvedeff, C., McFarlane, K. J., Kostka, J. E., Kolton, M., Kolka, R. K., Kluber, L. A., Keller, J. K., Guilderson, T. P., Griffiths, N. A., Chanton, J. P., Bridgham, S. D., & Hanson, P. J. Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13723
Wilson, R. M., Hopple, A. M., Tfaily, M. M., Sebestyen, S. D., Schadt, C. W., Pfeifer-Meister, L., Medvedeff, C., McFarlane, K. J., Kostka, J. E., Kolton, M., Kolka, R. K., Kluber, L. A., Keller, J. K., Guilderson, T. P., Griffiths, N. A., Chanton, J. P., Bridgham, S. D., and Hanson, P. J. Tue .
"Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13723. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1336572.
@article{osti_1336572,
title = {Stability of peatland carbon to rising temperatures},
author = {Wilson, R. M. and Hopple, A. M. and Tfaily, M. M. and Sebestyen, S. D. and Schadt, C. W. and Pfeifer-Meister, L. and Medvedeff, C. and McFarlane, K. J. and Kostka, J. E. and Kolton, M. and Kolka, R. K. and Kluber, L. A. and Keller, J. K. and Guilderson, T. P. and Griffiths, N. A. and Chanton, J. P. and Bridgham, S. D. and Hanson, P. J.},
abstractNote = {Peatlands contain one-third of the world’s soil carbon (C), mostly in the deep permanently saturated anoxic zone (i.e., catotelm)1 where C mineralization rates may be constrained, in part, by low temperatures; yet all soil warming experiments to date have focused on the response of peatland C degradation to surface warming2, 3. If the slow decomposition of deep peat C is due to kinetic constraints, then increasing temperatures at depth should cause parallel increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) and/or methane (CH4) production rates. Increasing CH4 emissions are of particular concern because CH4 has a sustained-flux global warming potential (SGWP) 45-times greater than CO2 over a 100- year timeframe4, creating a significant positive feedback to climate warming. Using a novel whole-ecosystem scale experiment in a regression-based design we show that ecosystem scale warming of deep peat exponentially increased CH4 emissions —but not ecosystem respiration of CO2— in the first year. Multiple lines of evidence, including laboratory incubations and in situ analyses of 14C, dissolved gases, and microbial community metabolic potential, indicate that CH4 emissions increased due to surface processes and not degradation of deep C. Our results indicate that rapid changes to the large bank of deep buried C in temperate peatlands may be minimal under future climatic warming.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms13723},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Dec 13 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Tue Dec 13 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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