Observation of single-mode, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in a supersonic flow

Wan, W. C.; Malamud, Guy; Shimony, A.; Di Stefano, C. A.; Trantham, M. R.; Klein, S. R.; Shvarts, D.; Kuranz, C. C.; Drake, R. P.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.145001

Title: Observation of single-mode, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in a supersonic flow

Journal Article · 30 September 2015 · Physical Review Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.145001 · OSTI ID:1336026

Wan, W. C. ^[1]; Malamud, Guy ^[2]; Shimony, A. ^[3]; Di Stefano, C. A. ^[4]; Trantham, M. R. ^[4]; Klein, S. R. ^[4]; Shvarts, D. ^[5]; Kuranz, C. C. ^[4]; Drake, R. P. ^[4]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); University of Michigan
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Nuclear Research Center - Negev, Beer Sheva (Israel)
Nuclear Research Center - Negev, Beer Sheva (Israel); Ben Gurion Univ. of the Negev, Beer Sheva (Israel)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Nuclear Research Center - Negev, Beer Sheva (Israel); Ben Gurion Univ. of the Negev, Beer Sheva (Israel)

This manuscript reports the first observations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability evolving from well-characterized seed perturbations in a steady, supersonic flow. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability occurs when two fluids move parallel to one another at different velocities, and contributes to an intermixing of fluids and transition to turbulence. It is ubiquitous in nature and engineering, including terrestrial systems such as cloud formations, astrophysical systems such as supernovae, and laboratory systems such as fusion experiments. In a supersonic flow, the growth rate of the instability is inhibited due to effects of compressibility. These effects are still not fully understood, and hold the motivation for the current work. The data presented here were obtained by developing a novel experimental platform capable of sustaining a steady shockwave over a precision-machined interface for unprecedented durations. The chosen interface was a well-characterized, single-mode sine wave, allowing us to document the evolution of individual vortices at high resolution. Understanding the behavior of individual vortices is the first of two fundamental steps towards developing a comprehensive model for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in a compressible flow. The results of this experiment were well reproduced with 2D hydrodynamic simulations. The platform has been extended to additional experiments, which study the evolution of different hydrodynamic instabilities in steady, supersonic flows.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Laser User Facility Program (NLUF); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FC52-08NA28302; NA0001840; NA0002032

OSTI ID:: 1336026

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 14 Vol. 115; ISSN 0031-9007; ISSN PRLTAO

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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A design of a two-dimensional, supersonic KH experiment on OMEGA-EP Malamud, G.; Shimony, A.; Wan, W. C. High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2013.06.002	journal	December 2013
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A numerical simulation of Kelvin-Helmholtz waves of finite amplitude Patnaik, P. C.; Sherman, F. S.; Corcos, G. M. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 73, Issue 02 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112076001353	journal	January 1976
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Three-dimensional HYDRA simulations of National Ignition Facility targets Marinak, M. M.; Kerbel, G. D.; Gentile, N. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1356740	journal	May 2001
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Vortex-merger statistical-mechanics model for the late time self-similar evolution of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability Rikanati, A.; Alon, U.; Shvarts, D. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1624837	journal	December 2003
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Experimental observations of turbulent mixing due to Kelvin–Helmholtz instability on the OMEGA Laser Facility Smalyuk, V. A.; Hansen, J. F.; Hurricane, O. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4752015	journal	September 2012
Instability, mixing, and transition to turbulence in a laser-driven counterflowing shear experiment Doss, F. W.; Loomis, E. N.; Welser-Sherrill, L. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4789618	journal	January 2013
Observation and modeling of mixing-layer development in high-energy-density, blast-wave-driven shear flow Di Stefano, C. A.; Malamud, G.; Henry de Frahan, M. T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4872223	journal	May 2014
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Turbulent transport and mixing in the multimode narrowband Richtmyer-Meshkov instability Thornber, B.; Griffond, J.; Bigdelou, P. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 31, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5111681	journal	September 2019
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