The unique chemistry of Eastern Mediterranean water masses selects for distinct microbial communities by depth

Techtmann, Stephen M.; Fortney, Julian L.; Ayers, Kati A.; Joyner, Dominique C.; Linley, Thomas D.; Pfiffner, Susan M.; Hazen, Terry C.; Thompson, Fabiano

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120605

Title: The unique chemistry of Eastern Mediterranean water masses selects for distinct microbial communities by depth

Journal Article · 25 March 2015 · PLoS ONE

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120605 · OSTI ID:1335315

Techtmann, Stephen M. ^[1]; Fortney, Julian L. ^[1]; Ayers, Kati A. ^[1]; Joyner, Dominique C. ^[1]; Linley, Thomas D. ^[2]; Pfiffner, Susan M. ^[1]; Hazen, Terry C. ^[3]; Thompson, Fabiano ^[4]

Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Univ. of Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

The waters of the Eastern Mediterranean are characterized by unique physical and chemical properties within separate water masses occupying different depths. Distinct water masses are present throughout the oceans, which drive thermohaline circulation. These water masses may contain specific microbial assemblages. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of physical and geological phenomena on the microbial community of the Eastern Mediterranean water column. Chemical measurements were combined with phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the microbial community in the water column at five sites. We demonstrate that the chemistry and microbial community of the water column were stratified into three distinct water masses. The salinity and nutrient concentrations vary between these water masses. Nutrient concentrations increased with depth, and salinity was highest in the intermediate water mass. Our PLFA analysis indicated different lipid classes were abundant in each water mass, suggesting that distinct groups of microbes inhabit these water masses. 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed the presence of distinct microbial communities in each water mass. Taxa involved in autotrophic nitrogen cycling were enriched in the intermediate water mass suggesting that microbes in this water mass may be important to the nitrogen cycle of the Eastern Mediterranean. The Eastern Mediterranean also contains numerous active hydrocarbon seeps. We sampled above the North Alex Mud Volcano, in order to test the effect of these geological features on the microbial community in the adjacent water column. The community in the waters overlaying the mud volcano was distinct from other communities collected at similar depths and was enriched in known hydrocarbon degrading taxa. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that physical phenomena such stratification as well as geological phenomena such as mud volcanoes strongly affect microbial community structure in the Eastern Mediterranean water column.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1335315

Journal Information:: PLoS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue 3; ISSN 1932-6203

Publisher:: Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 46 works

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Enrichment of Bacteria From Eastern Mediterranean Sea Involved in Lignin Degradation via the Phenylacetyl-CoA Pathway Woo, Hannah L.; Hazen, Terry C. Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00922	journal	May 2018
Water Masses and Depth Structure Prokaryotic and T4-Like Viral Communities Around Hydrothermal Systems of the Nordic Seas Le Moine Bauer, Sven; Stensland, Anne; Daae, Frida L. Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 9 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01002	journal	May 2018
Variations in Microbial Community Structure through the Stratified Water Column in the Tyrrhenian Sea (Central Mediterranean) Smedile, Francesco; Scarfi, Simona; De Domenico, Emilio Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse3030845	journal	August 2015

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Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
salinity
water columns
volcanoes
mud
lipids
bacteria
hydrocarbons
sea water