Title: Tissintite, (Ca, Na,$${\square}$$)AlSi₂O₆, a highly-defective, shock-induced, high-pressure clinopyroxene in the Tissint martian meteorite

Abstract

Here, tissintite is a new vacancy-rich, high-pressure clinopyroxene, with a composition essentially equivalent to plagioclase. It was discovered in maskelynite (shocked plagioclase) and is commonly observed included within, or in contact with, shock-melt pockets in the Tissint meteorite, a depleted olivine-phyric shergottite fall from Mars. The simple composition of tissintite (An58-69) and its precursor plagioclase (An59-69) together with the limited occurrence, both spatially (only in maskelynite less than ~25 μm of a shock melt pocket) and in terms of bulk composition, make tissintite a "goldilocks" phase. It formed during a shock event severe enough to allow nucleation and growth of vacancy-rich clinopyroxene from a melt of not too calcic and not too sodic plagioclase composition that was neither too hot nor too cold. With experimental calibration, these limitations on occurrence can be used to place strong constraints on the thermal history of a shock event. The kinetics for nucleation and growth of tissintite are probably slower for more-sodic plagioclase precursors, so tissintite is most likely to occur in depleted olivinephyric shergottites like Tissint and other highly shocked meteorites and lunar and terrestrial rocks that consistently contained calcic plagioclase precursors in the appropriate compositional range for a shock of given intensity. Tissintite, (Ca_0.45Na_0.31$${\square}$$ _0.24)(Al_0.97Fe_0.03Mg_0.01)(Si_1.80Al_0.20)O₆, is a C2/c clinopyroxene, containing 42-60 mol% of the Ca-Eskola component, by far the highest known. The cell parameters are a = 9.21 (17) Å, b = 9.09 (4) Å, c = 5.20 (2) Å, β = 109.6 (9)°, V = 410 (8) ų, Z = 4. The density is 3.32 g/cm(3) and we estimate a cell volume for the Ca-Eskola end-member pyroxene of 411 ±13 ų, which is consistent with a previous estimate and, therefore, supports the importance of this component in clinopyroxenes from ultra-high pressure metamorphic rocks from the Earth's upper mantle. At least in C2/c clinopyroxenes as sodic as tissintite, the a- and b-cell parameters as a function of vacancy concentration intersect at ~ 0.3 vacancies pfu, much lower than the Ca-Eskola end-member (0.5), an inversion of anisotropy suggesting an elastic instability that drives clinopyroxene toward a disordered trigonal structure closely related to that of wadeite; it may mark the boundary beyond which the breakdown of vacancy-rich clinopyroxene to a wadeite-structured phase + stishovite becomes stable, although this was not observed in Tissint

Authors:

Ma, Chi ^[1]; Tschauner, Oliver ^[2]; Beckett, John R. ^[1]; Liu, Yang ^[1]; Rossman, George R. ^[1]; Zhuravlev, Kirill ^[3]; Prakapenka, Vitali ^[3]; Dera, Przemyslaw ^[4]; Taylor, Lawrence A. ^[5]

---

+ Show Author Affiliations

1. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
2. Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States)
3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
4. Univ. of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
5. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Publication Date:

Fri Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:

Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:

USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Contributing Org.:

[ 1 ] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA [Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s)] [ 2 ] Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA [Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s)] [ 3 ] Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA [Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s)] [ 4 ] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA [Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s)] [ 5 ] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, GSECARS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA [Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s)] [ 6 ] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Hawail Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA [Show the Organization-Enhanced name(s)] [ 7 ] Univ Tennessee, Planetcny Geosci Inst, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA

OSTI Identifier:

1332404

Alternate Identifier(s):

OSTI ID: 1367919

Grant/Contract Number:  

NA0001982; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-05CH11231

Resource Type:

Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Additional Journal Information:

Journal Volume: 422; Journal Issue: C; Journal ID: ISSN 0012-821X

Publisher:

Elsevier

Country of Publication:

United States

Language:

English

Subject:

58 GEOSCIENCES; 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE; tissintite; (CaNa square)AlSi2O6; new high-pressure pyroxene; Ca-Eskola; Tissint martian shergottite; synchrotron diffraction