Flash Spectroscopy: Emission Lines from the Ionized Circumstellar Material Around <10-Day-Old Type II Supernovae
Abstract
© 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Supernovae (SNe) embedded in dense circumstellar material (CSM) may show prominent emission lines in their early-time spectra (≤10 days after the explosion), owing to recombination of the CSM ionized by the shock-breakout flash. From such spectra ("flash spectroscopy"), we can measure various physical properties of the CSM, as well as the mass-loss rate of the progenitor during the year prior to its explosion. Searching through the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF and iPTF) SN spectroscopy databases from 2009 through 2014, we found 12 SNe II showing flash-ionized (FI) signatures in their first spectra. All are younger than 10 days. These events constitute 14% of all 84 SNe in our sample having a spectrum within 10 days from explosion, and 18% of SNe II observed at ages < 5 days, thereby setting lower limits on the fraction of FI events. We classified as "blue/featureless" (BF) those events having a first spectrum that is similar to that of a blackbody, without any emission or absorption signatures. It is possible that some BF events had FI signatures at an earlier phase than observed, or that they lack dense CSM around the progenitor. Within 2 daysmore »
- Authors:
-
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- Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel). Benoziyo Center for Astrophysics. Faculty of Physics
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Astronomy Dept.
- Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Kavli Inst. for Theoretical Physics
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). The Oskar Klein Centre. Dept. of Astronomy
- Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom). School of Physics and Astronomy
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Computational Research Division
- Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Astrophysics Science Division
- Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
- Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States). Inst. for Astronomy
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Spitzer Science Center
- California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, AZ (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); European Commission (EC); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- Contributing Org.:
- Stockholm Univ. (Sweden); Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom); Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States); Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1329868
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1393026
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR-15-24643
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC52-06NA25396; AST-1302771; AST-1211916; 307260; 615929; AC02-05CH11231
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 818; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Supernovae
Citation Formats
Khazov, Daniel, Yaron, O., Gal-Yam, A., Manulis, I., Rubin, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Arcavi, I., Kasliwal, M. M., Ofek, E. O., Cao, Y., Perley, D., Sollerman, J., Horesh, A., Sullivan, M., Filippenko, A. V., Nugent, P. E., Howell, D. A., Cenko, S. B., Silverman, J. M., Ebeling, H., Taddia, F., Johansson, J., Laher, R. R., Surace, J., Rebbapragada, U. D., Wozniak, Przemyslaw R., and Matheson, T. Flash Spectroscopy: Emission Lines from the Ionized Circumstellar Material Around <10-Day-Old Type II Supernovae. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/3.
Khazov, Daniel, Yaron, O., Gal-Yam, A., Manulis, I., Rubin, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Arcavi, I., Kasliwal, M. M., Ofek, E. O., Cao, Y., Perley, D., Sollerman, J., Horesh, A., Sullivan, M., Filippenko, A. V., Nugent, P. E., Howell, D. A., Cenko, S. B., Silverman, J. M., Ebeling, H., Taddia, F., Johansson, J., Laher, R. R., Surace, J., Rebbapragada, U. D., Wozniak, Przemyslaw R., & Matheson, T. Flash Spectroscopy: Emission Lines from the Ionized Circumstellar Material Around <10-Day-Old Type II Supernovae. United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/3
Khazov, Daniel, Yaron, O., Gal-Yam, A., Manulis, I., Rubin, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Arcavi, I., Kasliwal, M. M., Ofek, E. O., Cao, Y., Perley, D., Sollerman, J., Horesh, A., Sullivan, M., Filippenko, A. V., Nugent, P. E., Howell, D. A., Cenko, S. B., Silverman, J. M., Ebeling, H., Taddia, F., Johansson, J., Laher, R. R., Surace, J., Rebbapragada, U. D., Wozniak, Przemyslaw R., and Matheson, T. Tue .
"Flash Spectroscopy: Emission Lines from the Ionized Circumstellar Material Around <10-Day-Old Type II Supernovae". United States. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/3. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1329868.
@article{osti_1329868,
title = {Flash Spectroscopy: Emission Lines from the Ionized Circumstellar Material Around <10-Day-Old Type II Supernovae},
author = {Khazov, Daniel and Yaron, O. and Gal-Yam, A. and Manulis, I. and Rubin, A. and Kulkarni, S. R. and Arcavi, I. and Kasliwal, M. M. and Ofek, E. O. and Cao, Y. and Perley, D. and Sollerman, J. and Horesh, A. and Sullivan, M. and Filippenko, A. V. and Nugent, P. E. and Howell, D. A. and Cenko, S. B. and Silverman, J. M. and Ebeling, H. and Taddia, F. and Johansson, J. and Laher, R. R. and Surace, J. and Rebbapragada, U. D. and Wozniak, Przemyslaw R. and Matheson, T.},
abstractNote = {© 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Supernovae (SNe) embedded in dense circumstellar material (CSM) may show prominent emission lines in their early-time spectra (≤10 days after the explosion), owing to recombination of the CSM ionized by the shock-breakout flash. From such spectra ("flash spectroscopy"), we can measure various physical properties of the CSM, as well as the mass-loss rate of the progenitor during the year prior to its explosion. Searching through the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF and iPTF) SN spectroscopy databases from 2009 through 2014, we found 12 SNe II showing flash-ionized (FI) signatures in their first spectra. All are younger than 10 days. These events constitute 14% of all 84 SNe in our sample having a spectrum within 10 days from explosion, and 18% of SNe II observed at ages < 5 days, thereby setting lower limits on the fraction of FI events. We classified as "blue/featureless" (BF) those events having a first spectrum that is similar to that of a blackbody, without any emission or absorption signatures. It is possible that some BF events had FI signatures at an earlier phase than observed, or that they lack dense CSM around the progenitor. Within 2 days after explosion, 8 out of 11 SNe in our sample are either BF events or show FI signatures. Interestingly, we found that 19 out of 21 SNe brighter than an absolute magnitude M R = -18.2 belong to the FI or BF groups, and that all FI events peaked above M R = -17.6 mag, significantly brighter than average SNe II.},
doi = {10.3847/0004-637X/818/1/3},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 1,
volume = 818,
place = {United States},
year = {2016},
month = {2}
}
Web of Science
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The Dusty Progenitor Star of the Type II Supernova 2017eaw
text, January 2018
- Kilpatrick, Charles D.; Foley, Ryan J.
- arXiv
The Fast, Luminous Ultraviolet Transient AT2018cow: Extreme Supernova, or Disruption of a Star by an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole?
text, January 2018
- Perley, Daniel A.; Mazzali, Paolo A.; Yan, Lin
- arXiv
A hot and fast ultra-stripped supernova that likely formed a compact neutron star binary
text, January 2018
- De, K.; Kasliwal, M. M.; Ofek, E. O.
- arXiv
Presto-Color: A Photometric Survey Cadence for Explosive Physics & Fast Transients
text, January 2018
- Bianco, Federica B.; Drout, Maria R.; Graham, Melissa L.
- arXiv
The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
text, January 2019
- Bellm, Eric C.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Graham, Matthew J.
- arXiv
Probing the Final-stage Progenitor Evolution for Type IIP Supernova 2017eaw in NGC 6946
text, January 2019
- Rui, Liming; Wang, Xiaofeng; Mo, Jun
- arXiv
The Type II-Plateau Supernova 2017eaw in NGC 6946 and Its Red Supergiant Progenitor
text, January 2019
- Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Zheng, WeiKang; Maund, Justyn R.
- arXiv
KSP-SN-2016kf: a long-rising H-rich Type II Supernova with unusually high $^{56}$Ni mass discovered in the KMTNet Supernova Program
text, January 2019
- Afsariardchi, Niloufar; Moon, Dae-Sik; Drout, Maria R.
- arXiv
Origins of Type Ibn SNe 2006jc/2015G in interacting binaries and implications for pre-SN eruptions
text, January 2019
- Sun, Ning-Chen; Maund, Jusytn R.; Hirai, Ryosuke
- arXiv
The Berkeley sample of Type II supernovae: BVRI light curves and spectroscopy of 55 SNe II
text, January 2019
- de Jaeger, T.; Zheng, W.; Stahl, B. E.
- arXiv
Massive Runaway and Walkaway Stars: A study of the kinematical imprints of the physical processes governing the evolution and explosion of their binary progenitor
text, January 2019
- Renzo, M.; Zapartas, E.; de Mink, S. E.
- Zenodo