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Title: Establishing the precise evolutionary history of a gene improves prediction of disease-causing missense mutations

Abstract

Here, predicting the phenotypic effects of mutations has become an important application in clinical genetic diagnostics. Computational tools evaluate the behavior of the variant over evolutionary time and assume that variations seen during the course of evolution are probably benign in humans. However, current tools do not take into account orthologous/paralogous relationships. Paralogs have dramatically different roles in Mendelian diseases. For example, whereas inactivating mutations in the NPC1 gene cause the neurodegenerative disorder Niemann-Pick C, inactivating mutations in its paralog NPC1L1 are not disease-causing and, moreover, are implicated in protection from coronary heart disease. Methods: We identified major events in NPC1 evolution and revealed and compared orthologs and paralogs of the human NPC1 gene through phylogenetic and protein sequence analyses. We predicted whether an amino acid substitution affects protein function by reducing the organism s fitness. As a result, removing the paralogs and distant homologs improved the overall performance of categorizing disease-causing and benign amino acid substitutions. In conclusion, the results show that a thorough evolutionary analysis followed by identification of orthologs improves the accuracy in predicting disease-causing missense mutations. We anticipate that this approach will be used as a reference in the interpretation of variants in other genetic diseasesmore » as well.« less

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3];  [1]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
  2. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical Univ., Saint Petersburg (Russia)
  3. Washington Univ. School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1327749
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-00OR22725
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Genetics in Medicine
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 18; Journal Issue: 10; Journal ID: ISSN 1098-3600
Publisher:
American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics - Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; missense mutation prediction; Niemann-Pick; NPC1; NPC1L1; orthologs and paralogs in disease

Citation Formats

Adebali, Ogun, Reznik, Alexander O., Ory, Daniel S., and Zhulin, Igor B. Establishing the precise evolutionary history of a gene improves prediction of disease-causing missense mutations. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1038/gim.2015.208.
Adebali, Ogun, Reznik, Alexander O., Ory, Daniel S., & Zhulin, Igor B. Establishing the precise evolutionary history of a gene improves prediction of disease-causing missense mutations. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2015.208
Adebali, Ogun, Reznik, Alexander O., Ory, Daniel S., and Zhulin, Igor B. Thu . "Establishing the precise evolutionary history of a gene improves prediction of disease-causing missense mutations". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2015.208. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1327749.
@article{osti_1327749,
title = {Establishing the precise evolutionary history of a gene improves prediction of disease-causing missense mutations},
author = {Adebali, Ogun and Reznik, Alexander O. and Ory, Daniel S. and Zhulin, Igor B.},
abstractNote = {Here, predicting the phenotypic effects of mutations has become an important application in clinical genetic diagnostics. Computational tools evaluate the behavior of the variant over evolutionary time and assume that variations seen during the course of evolution are probably benign in humans. However, current tools do not take into account orthologous/paralogous relationships. Paralogs have dramatically different roles in Mendelian diseases. For example, whereas inactivating mutations in the NPC1 gene cause the neurodegenerative disorder Niemann-Pick C, inactivating mutations in its paralog NPC1L1 are not disease-causing and, moreover, are implicated in protection from coronary heart disease. Methods: We identified major events in NPC1 evolution and revealed and compared orthologs and paralogs of the human NPC1 gene through phylogenetic and protein sequence analyses. We predicted whether an amino acid substitution affects protein function by reducing the organism s fitness. As a result, removing the paralogs and distant homologs improved the overall performance of categorizing disease-causing and benign amino acid substitutions. In conclusion, the results show that a thorough evolutionary analysis followed by identification of orthologs improves the accuracy in predicting disease-causing missense mutations. We anticipate that this approach will be used as a reference in the interpretation of variants in other genetic diseases as well.},
doi = {10.1038/gim.2015.208},
journal = {Genetics in Medicine},
number = 10,
volume = 18,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Thu Feb 18 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}

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