Culture independent genomic comparisons reveal environmental adaptations for Altiarchaeales
Abstract
The recently proposed candidatus order Altiarchaeales remains an uncultured archaeal lineage composed of genetically diverse, globally widespread organisms frequently observed in anoxic subsurface environments. In spite of 15 years of studies on the psychrophilic biofilm-producing Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum and its close relatives, very little is known about the phylogenetic and functional diversity of the widespread free-living marine members of this taxon. From methanogenic sediments in the White Oak River Estuary, NC, USA, we sequenced a single cell amplified genome (SAG), WOR_SM1_SCG, and used it to identify and refine two high-quality genomes from metagenomes, WOR_SM1_79 and WOR_SM1_86-2, from the same site. These three genomic reconstructions form a monophyletic group, which also includes three previously published genomes from metagenomes from terrestrial springs and a SAG from Sakinaw Lake in a group previously designated as pMC2A384. A synapomorphic mutation in the Altiarchaeales tRNA synthetase β subunit, pheT, caused the protein to be encoded as two subunits at non-adjacent loci. Consistent with the terrestrial spring clades, our estuarine genomes contained a near-complete autotrophic metabolism, H2 or CO as potential electron donors, a reductive acetyl-CoA pathway for carbon fixation, and methylotroph-like NADP(H)-dependent dehydrogenase. Phylogenies based on 16S rRNA genes and concatenated conserved proteins identified twomore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
- Univ. of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX (United States)
- Univ. of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1326536
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; single cell genomics; uncultured archaea; comparative genomics; marine sediment; autotrophy; metagenomics; ecophysiology
Citation Formats
Bird, Jordan T., Baker, Brett J., Probst, Alexander J., Podar, Mircea, and Lloyd, Karen G. Culture independent genomic comparisons reveal environmental adaptations for Altiarchaeales. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01221.
Bird, Jordan T., Baker, Brett J., Probst, Alexander J., Podar, Mircea, & Lloyd, Karen G. Culture independent genomic comparisons reveal environmental adaptations for Altiarchaeales. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01221
Bird, Jordan T., Baker, Brett J., Probst, Alexander J., Podar, Mircea, and Lloyd, Karen G. Fri .
"Culture independent genomic comparisons reveal environmental adaptations for Altiarchaeales". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01221. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1326536.
@article{osti_1326536,
title = {Culture independent genomic comparisons reveal environmental adaptations for Altiarchaeales},
author = {Bird, Jordan T. and Baker, Brett J. and Probst, Alexander J. and Podar, Mircea and Lloyd, Karen G.},
abstractNote = {The recently proposed candidatus order Altiarchaeales remains an uncultured archaeal lineage composed of genetically diverse, globally widespread organisms frequently observed in anoxic subsurface environments. In spite of 15 years of studies on the psychrophilic biofilm-producing Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum and its close relatives, very little is known about the phylogenetic and functional diversity of the widespread free-living marine members of this taxon. From methanogenic sediments in the White Oak River Estuary, NC, USA, we sequenced a single cell amplified genome (SAG), WOR_SM1_SCG, and used it to identify and refine two high-quality genomes from metagenomes, WOR_SM1_79 and WOR_SM1_86-2, from the same site. These three genomic reconstructions form a monophyletic group, which also includes three previously published genomes from metagenomes from terrestrial springs and a SAG from Sakinaw Lake in a group previously designated as pMC2A384. A synapomorphic mutation in the Altiarchaeales tRNA synthetase β subunit, pheT, caused the protein to be encoded as two subunits at non-adjacent loci. Consistent with the terrestrial spring clades, our estuarine genomes contained a near-complete autotrophic metabolism, H2 or CO as potential electron donors, a reductive acetyl-CoA pathway for carbon fixation, and methylotroph-like NADP(H)-dependent dehydrogenase. Phylogenies based on 16S rRNA genes and concatenated conserved proteins identified two distinct sub-clades of Altiarchaeales, Alti-1 populated by organisms from actively flowing springs, and Alti-2 which was more widespread, diverse, and not associated with visible mats. The core Alti-1 genome suggested Alti-1 is adapted for the stream environment with lipopolysaccharide production capacity and extracellular hami structures. The core Alti-2 genome suggested members of this clade are free-living with distinct mechanisms for energy maintenance, motility, osmoregulation, and sulfur redox reactions. These data suggested that the hamus structures found in Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum are not present outside of stream-adapted Altiarchaeales. Homologs to a Na+ transporter and membrane bound coenzyme As a result, a disulfide reductase that were unique to the brackish sediment Alti-2 genomes, could indicate adaptations to the estuarine, sulfur-rich environment.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2016.01221},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Fri Aug 05 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Fri Aug 05 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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