A generating function approach to HIV transmission with dynamic contact rates

Romero-Severson, Ethan O.; Meadors, Grant D.; Volz, Erik M.

doi:10.1051/mmnp/20149208

Title: A generating function approach to HIV transmission with dynamic contact rates

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Abstract

The basic reproduction number, R₀, is often defined as the average number of infections generated by a newly infected individual in a fully susceptible population. The interpretation, meaning, and derivation of R₀ are controversial. However, in the context of mean field models, R₀ demarcates the epidemic threshold below which the infected population approaches zero in the limit of time. In this manner, R₀ has been proposed as a method for understanding the relative impact of public health interventions with respect to disease eliminations from a theoretical perspective. The use of R₀ is made more complex by both the strong dependency of R₀ on the model form and the stochastic nature of transmission. A common assumption in models of HIV transmission that have closed form expressions for R₀ is that a single individual’s behavior is constant over time. For this research, we derive expressions for both R₀ and probability of an epidemic in a finite population under the assumption that people periodically change their sexual behavior over time. We illustrate the use of generating functions as a general framework to model the effects of potentially complex assumptions on the number of transmissions generated by a newly infected person in a susceptiblemore »« less

Authors:

Romero-Severson, Ethan O. ^[1]; Meadors, Grant D. ^[2]; Volz, Erik M. ^[2]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Publication Date:: Thu Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1321729

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-13-23019
Journal ID: ISSN 0973-5348

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 9; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 0973-5348

Publisher:: EDP Sciences

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; HIV; transmission model; R0; generating functions; branching process

Citation Formats


                    Romero-Severson, Ethan O., Meadors, Grant D., and Volz, Erik M. A generating function approach to HIV transmission with dynamic contact rates.  United States: N. p., 2014. 
Web.  doi:10.1051/mmnp/20149208.

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                    Romero-Severson, Ethan O., Meadors, Grant D., & Volz, Erik M. A generating function approach to HIV transmission with dynamic contact rates.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/20149208

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                    Romero-Severson, Ethan O., Meadors, Grant D., and Volz, Erik M. Thu .  
"A generating function approach to HIV transmission with dynamic contact rates".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/20149208.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1321729.

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@article{osti_1321729,

  title        = {A generating function approach to HIV transmission with dynamic contact rates},

  author       = {Romero-Severson, Ethan O. and Meadors, Grant D. and Volz, Erik M.},

  abstractNote = {The basic reproduction number, R0, is often defined as the average number of infections generated by a newly infected individual in a fully susceptible population. The interpretation, meaning, and derivation of R0 are controversial. However, in the context of mean field models, R0 demarcates the epidemic threshold below which the infected population approaches zero in the limit of time. In this manner, R0 has been proposed as a method for understanding the relative impact of public health interventions with respect to disease eliminations from a theoretical perspective. The use of R0 is made more complex by both the strong dependency of R0 on the model form and the stochastic nature of transmission. A common assumption in models of HIV transmission that have closed form expressions for R0 is that a single individual’s behavior is constant over time. For this research, we derive expressions for both R0 and probability of an epidemic in a finite population under the assumption that people periodically change their sexual behavior over time. We illustrate the use of generating functions as a general framework to model the effects of potentially complex assumptions on the number of transmissions generated by a newly infected person in a susceptible population. In conclusion, we find that the relationship between the probability of an epidemic and R0 is not straightforward, but, that as the rate of change in sexual behavior increases both R0 and the probability of an epidemic also decrease.},

  doi          = {10.1051/mmnp/20149208},

  journal      = {Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 9,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Thu Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2014},

  month        = {Thu Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2014}

}

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