Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility

Sater, J. D.; Espinosa-Loza, F.; Kozioziemski, B.; Mapoles, E. R.

doi:10.13182/FST15-204

Title: Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility

Abstract

Capsule implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are driven with a carefully tailored laser pulse that delivers a sequence of shocks to the ablator and fuel. In order to ensure the shocks converge at the desired position, the shock strength and velocity are measured in experimental platforms referred to as keyhole targets. We made shock measurements on capsules completely filled with liquid deuterium for the solid deuterium tritide (D-T) layer campaigns. Modeling has been used to extend these results to form an estimate of the shock properties in solid D-T layers. Furthermore, to verify and improve the surrogacy of the liquid-filled keyhole measurements, we have developed a technique to form a solid layer inside the keyhole capsule. The layer is typically uniform over a 400-μm-diameter area. This is sufficient to allow direct measurement of the shock velocity. This layering technique has been successfully applied to 13 experiments on the NIF. The technique may also be applicable to fast-igniter experiments since some proposed designs resemble keyhole targets. We discuss our method in detail and give representative results.

Authors:

Sater, J. D. ^[1]; Espinosa-Loza, F. ^[1]; Kozioziemski, B. ^[1]; Mapoles, E. R. ^[1]

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Jul 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1321421

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-676980
Journal ID: ISSN 1536-1055

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Fusion Science and Technology

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 70; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1536-1055

Publisher:: American Nuclear Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 42 ENGINEERING; cryogenic targets; keyhole; inertial confinement fusion

Citation Formats


                    Sater, J. D., Espinosa-Loza, F., Kozioziemski, B., and Mapoles, E. R. Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.13182/FST15-204.

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                    Sater, J. D., Espinosa-Loza, F., Kozioziemski, B., & Mapoles, E. R. Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.13182/FST15-204

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                    Sater, J. D., Espinosa-Loza, F., Kozioziemski, B., and Mapoles, E. R. Mon .  
"Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.13182/FST15-204.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1321421.

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@article{osti_1321421,

  title        = {Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility},

  author       = {Sater, J. D. and Espinosa-Loza, F. and Kozioziemski, B. and Mapoles, E. R.},

  abstractNote = {Capsule implosion experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are driven with a carefully tailored laser pulse that delivers a sequence of shocks to the ablator and fuel. In order to ensure the shocks converge at the desired position, the shock strength and velocity are measured in experimental platforms referred to as keyhole targets. We made shock measurements on capsules completely filled with liquid deuterium for the solid deuterium tritide (D-T) layer campaigns. Modeling has been used to extend these results to form an estimate of the shock properties in solid D-T layers. Furthermore, to verify and improve the surrogacy of the liquid-filled keyhole measurements, we have developed a technique to form a solid layer inside the keyhole capsule. The layer is typically uniform over a 400-μm-diameter area. This is sufficient to allow direct measurement of the shock velocity. This layering technique has been successfully applied to 13 experiments on the NIF. The technique may also be applicable to fast-igniter experiments since some proposed designs resemble keyhole targets. We discuss our method in detail and give representative results.},

  doi          = {10.13182/FST15-204},

  journal      = {Fusion Science and Technology},

  number       = 2,

  volume       = 70,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Jul 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Mon Jul 11 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Works referenced in this record:

Shock timing measurements and analysis in deuterium-tritium-ice layered capsule implosions on NIF
journal, February 2014

Robey, H. F.; Celliers, P. M.; Moody, J. D.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1063/1.4863975

Measurement of High-Pressure Shock Waves in Cryogenic Deuterium-Tritium Ice Layered Capsule Implosions on NIF
journal, August 2013

Robey, H. F.; Moody, J. D.; Celliers, P. M.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 6
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Shock timing experiments on the National Ignition Facility: Initial results and comparison with simulation
journal, April 2012

Robey, H. F.; Boehly, T. R.; Celliers, P. M.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1063/1.3694122

Rev3 Update of Requirements for NIF Ignition Targets
journal, April 2009

Haan, S. W.; Callahan, D. A.; Edwards, M. J.
Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 55, Issue 3
DOI: 10.13182/FST08-3501

Deuterium-Tritium Fuel Layer Formation for the National Ignition Facility
journal, January 2011

Kozioziemski, B. J.; Mapoles, E. R.; Sater, J. D.
Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 59, Issue 1
DOI: 10.13182/FST10-3697

Design of the NIF Cryogenic Target System
journal, April 2009

Gibson, C. R.; Atkinson, D. P.; Baltz, J. A.
Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 55, Issue 3
DOI: 10.13182/FST08-3453

Fast Ignition: Overview and Background
journal, April 2006

Tabak, Max; Hinkel, Denise; Atzeni, Stefano
Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 49, Issue 3
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Low temperature thermal conductivity of polystyrene
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Mack, J. X.; Freeman, J. J.; Anderson, A. C.
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Heat-flux induced changes to multicrystalline $D_{2}$ surfaces
journal, April 2001

Collins, G. W.; Bernat, T. P.; Mapoles, E. R.
Physical Review B, Vol. 63, Issue 19
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Smoothing of deuterium-tritium ice by electrical heating of the saturated vapor
journal, March 1997

Mapoles, E. R.; Sater, J.; Pipes, J.
Physical Review E, Vol. 55, Issue 3
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First Measurements of Hydrodynamic Instability Growth in Indirectly Driven Implosions at Ignition-Relevant Conditions on the National Ignition Facility
journal, May 2014

Smalyuk, V. A.; Casey, D. T.; Clark, D. S.
Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.185003

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Title: Technique for Forming Solid D2 and D-T Layers for Shock Timing Experiments at the National Ignition Facility

Abstract

Citation Formats

Shock timing measurements and analysis in deuterium-tritium-ice layered capsule implosions on NIF journal, February 2014

Measurement of High-Pressure Shock Waves in Cryogenic Deuterium-Tritium Ice Layered Capsule Implosions on NIF journal, August 2013

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Design of the NIF Cryogenic Target System journal, April 2009

Fast Ignition: Overview and Background journal, April 2006

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Smoothing of deuterium-tritium ice by electrical heating of the saturated vapor journal, March 1997

First Measurements of Hydrodynamic Instability Growth in Indirectly Driven Implosions at Ignition-Relevant Conditions on the National Ignition Facility journal, May 2014

Shock timing measurements and analysis in deuterium-tritium-ice layered capsule implosions on NIF
journal, February 2014

Measurement of High-Pressure Shock Waves in Cryogenic Deuterium-Tritium Ice Layered Capsule Implosions on NIF
journal, August 2013

Shock timing experiments on the National Ignition Facility: Initial results and comparison with simulation
journal, April 2012

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journal, April 2009

Deuterium-Tritium Fuel Layer Formation for the National Ignition Facility
journal, January 2011

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journal, April 2006

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journal, May 2014