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Title: CalWater Field Studies Designed to Quantify the Roles of Atmospheric Rivers and Aerosols in Modulating U.S. West Coast Precipitation in a Changing Climate

Abstract

The variability of precipitation and water supply along the U.S. West Coast creates major challenges to the region’s economy and environment, as evidenced by the recent California drought. This variability is strongly influenced by atmospheric rivers (AR), which deliver much of the precipitation along the U.S. West Coast and can cause flooding, and by aerosols (from local sources and transported from remote continents and oceans) that modulate clouds and precipitation. A better understanding of these processes is needed to reduce uncertainties in weather predictions and climate projections of droughts and floods, both now and under changing climate conditions.To address these gaps a group of meteorologists, hydrologists, climate scientists, atmospheric chemists, and oceanographers have created an interdisciplinary research effort, with support from multiple agencies. From 2009-2011 a series of field campaigns (CalWater 1) collected atmospheric chemistry, cloud microphysics and meteorological measurements in California and associated modeling and diagnostic studies were carried out. Based on remaining gaps, a vision was developed to extend these studies offshore over the Eastern North Pacific and to enhance land based measurements from 2014-2018 (CalWater 2). The data set and selected results from CalWater 1 are summarized here. The goals of CalWater-2, and measurements to date, aremore » then described. Through this work, CalWater is producing new findings and exploring new technologies to evaluate and improve global climate models and their regional performance and to develop tools supporting water and hydropower management. These advances also have potential to enhance hazard mitigation by improving near-term weather prediction and subseasonal and seasonal outlooks.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [4];  [8];  [5];  [9];  [1];  [10];  [5]
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States). Scripps Inst. of Oceanography
  2. Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States). Scripps Inst. of Oceanography; US Geological Survey, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  3. Science and Technology Corp., Boulder, CO (United States); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  4. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO (United States)
  5. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States). Earth System Research Lab.
  6. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
  7. Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel)
  8. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab. (JPL)
  9. Plymouth State Univ., NH (United States)
  10. Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States). Scripps Inst. of Oceanography and San Diego Super Computer Center
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE; California Energy Commission (CEC); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
OSTI Identifier:
1314413
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-113078
Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007; KP1703010
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-76RL01830
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 97; Journal Issue: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 0003-0007
Publisher:
American Meteorological Society
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Citation Formats

Ralph, F. Martin, Prather, K. A., Cayan, D., Spackman, J. R., DeMott, P., Dettinger, M., Fairall, C., Leung, R., Rosenfeld, D., Rutledge, S., Waliser, D., White, A. B., Cordeira, J., Martin, A., Helly, J., and Intrieri, J. CalWater Field Studies Designed to Quantify the Roles of Atmospheric Rivers and Aerosols in Modulating U.S. West Coast Precipitation in a Changing Climate. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1.
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Ralph, F. Martin, Prather, K. A., Cayan, D., Spackman, J. R., DeMott, P., Dettinger, M., Fairall, C., Leung, R., Rosenfeld, D., Rutledge, S., Waliser, D., White, A. B., Cordeira, J., Martin, A., Helly, J., & Intrieri, J. CalWater Field Studies Designed to Quantify the Roles of Atmospheric Rivers and Aerosols in Modulating U.S. West Coast Precipitation in a Changing Climate. United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1
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Ralph, F. Martin, Prather, K. A., Cayan, D., Spackman, J. R., DeMott, P., Dettinger, M., Fairall, C., Leung, R., Rosenfeld, D., Rutledge, S., Waliser, D., White, A. B., Cordeira, J., Martin, A., Helly, J., and Intrieri, J. Mon . "CalWater Field Studies Designed to Quantify the Roles of Atmospheric Rivers and Aerosols in Modulating U.S. West Coast Precipitation in a Changing Climate". United States. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1314413.
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@article{osti_1314413,
title = {CalWater Field Studies Designed to Quantify the Roles of Atmospheric Rivers and Aerosols in Modulating U.S. West Coast Precipitation in a Changing Climate},
author = {Ralph, F. Martin and Prather, K. A. and Cayan, D. and Spackman, J. R. and DeMott, P. and Dettinger, M. and Fairall, C. and Leung, R. and Rosenfeld, D. and Rutledge, S. and Waliser, D. and White, A. B. and Cordeira, J. and Martin, A. and Helly, J. and Intrieri, J.},
abstractNote = {The variability of precipitation and water supply along the U.S. West Coast creates major challenges to the region’s economy and environment, as evidenced by the recent California drought. This variability is strongly influenced by atmospheric rivers (AR), which deliver much of the precipitation along the U.S. West Coast and can cause flooding, and by aerosols (from local sources and transported from remote continents and oceans) that modulate clouds and precipitation. A better understanding of these processes is needed to reduce uncertainties in weather predictions and climate projections of droughts and floods, both now and under changing climate conditions.To address these gaps a group of meteorologists, hydrologists, climate scientists, atmospheric chemists, and oceanographers have created an interdisciplinary research effort, with support from multiple agencies. From 2009-2011 a series of field campaigns (CalWater 1) collected atmospheric chemistry, cloud microphysics and meteorological measurements in California and associated modeling and diagnostic studies were carried out. Based on remaining gaps, a vision was developed to extend these studies offshore over the Eastern North Pacific and to enhance land based measurements from 2014-2018 (CalWater 2). The data set and selected results from CalWater 1 are summarized here. The goals of CalWater-2, and measurements to date, are then described. Through this work, CalWater is producing new findings and exploring new technologies to evaluate and improve global climate models and their regional performance and to develop tools supporting water and hydropower management. These advances also have potential to enhance hazard mitigation by improving near-term weather prediction and subseasonal and seasonal outlooks.},
doi = {10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1},
journal = {Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society},
number = 7,
volume = 97,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Mon Aug 22 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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Journal Article:
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Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1
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  • DOI: 10.5439/1346547
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