Title: Carbon nanospikes grown on metal wires as microelectrode sensors for dopamine

Journal Article · · Analyst
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C5AN01467K · OSTI ID:1295130
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [1]
  1. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
  3. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Carbon nanomaterials are advantageous as electrodes for neurotransmitter detection, but the difficulty of nanomaterials deposition on electrode substrates limits the reproducibility and future applications. In our study, we used plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to directly grow a thin layer of carbon nanospikes (CNS) on cylindrical metal substrates. No catalyst is required and the CNS surface coverage is uniform over the cylindrical metal substrate. We characterized the CNS growth on several metallic substrates including tantalum, niobium, palladium, and nickel wires. Using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), bare metal wires could not detect 1 mu M dopamine while carbon nanospike coated wires could. Moreover, the highest sensitivity and optimized S/N ratio was recorded from carbon nanospike-tantalum (CNS-Ta) microwires grown for 7.5 minutes, which had a LOD of 8 +/- 2 nM for dopamine with FSCV. CNS-Ta microelectrodes were more reversible and had a smaller Delta E-p for dopamine than carbon-fiber microelectrodes, suggesting faster electron transfer kinetics. The kinetics of dopamine redox were adsorption controlled at CNS-Ta microelectrodes and repeated electrochemical measurements displayed stability for up to ten hours in vitro and over a ten day period as well. The oxidation potential was significantly different for ascorbic acid and uric acid compared to dopamine. Finally, growing carbon nanospikes on metal wires is a promising method to produce uniformly-coated, carbon nanostructured cylindrical microelectrodes for sensitive dopamine detection.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1295130
Journal Information:
Analyst, Journal Name: Analyst Journal Issue: 21 Vol. 140; ISSN ANALAO; ISSN 0003-2654
Publisher:
Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Review: new insights into optimizing chemical and 3D surface structures of carbon electrodes for neurotransmitter detection journal January 2019
Polymer modified carbon fiber-microelectrodes and waveform modifications enhance neurotransmitter metabolite detection journal January 2019
Recent advances in fast-scan cyclic voltammetry journal January 2020
Carbon Nanotubes, Nanofibers and Nanospikes for Electrochemical Sensing: A Review conference October 2017
Carbon Nanotubes, Nanofibers and Nanospikes for Electrochemical Sensing: A Review journal June 2017
Carbon Nanoelectrodes for the Electrochemical Detection of Neurotransmitters journal August 2018
Recent Advances in the Detection of Neurotransmitters journal January 2018