Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

Chu, Pinghan; Kim, Young Jin; Savukov, Igor Mykhaylovich

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.94.036002

Title: Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

Abstract

We propose a novel experimental approach to explore exotic spin-dependent interactions using a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer, the most sensitive noncryogenic magnetic-field sensor. This approach studies the interactions between optically polarized electron spins located inside a vapor cell of the SERF magnetometer and unpolarized or polarized particles of external solid-state objects. The coupling of spin-dependent interactions to the polarized electron spins of the magnetometer induces the tilt of the electron spins, which can be detected with high sensitivity by a probe laser beam similarly as an external magnetic field. Lastly, we estimate that by moving unpolarized or polarized objects next to the SERF Rb vapor cell, the experimental limit to the spin-dependent interactions can be significantly improved over existing experiments, and new limits on the coupling strengths can be set in the interaction range below 10^–2 m.

Authors:

^[1];

^[1]

Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Mon Aug 15 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC). Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26); USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1343701

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1294726

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-16-23942
Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010; PRVDAQ; TRN: US1701719

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review D

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 94; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; atomic and nuclear physics

Citation Formats


                    Chu, Pinghan, Kim, Young Jin, and Savukov, Igor Mykhaylovich. Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.94.036002.

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                    Chu, Pinghan, Kim, Young Jin, & Savukov, Igor Mykhaylovich. Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.036002

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                    Chu, Pinghan, Kim, Young Jin, and Savukov, Igor Mykhaylovich. Mon .  
"Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.036002.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1343701.

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@article{osti_1343701,

  title        = {Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer},

  author       = {Chu, Pinghan and Kim, Young Jin and Savukov, Igor Mykhaylovich},

  abstractNote = {We propose a novel experimental approach to explore exotic spin-dependent interactions using a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer, the most sensitive noncryogenic magnetic-field sensor. This approach studies the interactions between optically polarized electron spins located inside a vapor cell of the SERF magnetometer and unpolarized or polarized particles of external solid-state objects. The coupling of spin-dependent interactions to the polarized electron spins of the magnetometer induces the tilt of the electron spins, which can be detected with high sensitivity by a probe laser beam similarly as an external magnetic field. Lastly, we estimate that by moving unpolarized or polarized objects next to the SERF Rb vapor cell, the experimental limit to the spin-dependent interactions can be significantly improved over existing experiments, and new limits on the coupling strengths can be set in the interaction range below 10–2 m.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevD.94.036002},

  journal      = {Physical Review D},

  number       = 3,

  volume       = 94,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Aug 15 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Mon Aug 15 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.036002

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Constraining Exotic Interactions
journal, December 2018

Ficek, Filip; Budker, Dmitry
Annalen der Physik, Vol. 531, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1002/andp.201800273

Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor
journal, May 2019

Kim, Young Jin; Chu, Ping-Han; Savukov, Igor
Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10169-1

Constraining exotic interactions
text, January 2018

Ficek, Filip; Budker, Dmitry
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1808.01233

Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor
text, January 2019

Kim, Young Jin; Chu, Ping-Han; Savukov, Igor
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1902.00128

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Title: Search for exotic spin-dependent interactions with a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer

Abstract

Citation Formats

Improved Constraints on an Axion-Mediated Force journal, January 2011

Search for an Axionlike Spin Coupling Using a Paramagnetic Salt with a dc SQUID journal, March 1999

Constraints on Exotic Dipole-Dipole Couplings between Electrons at the Micrometer Scale journal, August 2015

Review of Particle Physics journal, August 2014

New Constraints on Short-Range Forces Coupling Mass to Intrinsic Spin journal, February 2007

Constraints on Spin-Dependent Short-Range Interaction between Nucleons journal, September 2013

Magnetoencephalography with an atomic magnetometer journal, November 2006

New macroscopic forces? journal, July 1984

Spin-Exchange Shift and Narrowing of Magnetic Resonance Lines in Optically Pumped Alkali Vapors journal, July 1973

String axiverse journal, June 2010

Spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer with nearly parallel pump and probe beams journal, March 2016

Topologically massive spin-1 particles and spin-dependent potentials journal, May 2015

Polarized He 3 as a Probe for Short-Range Spin-Dependent Interactions journal, October 2010

Laboratory search for spin-dependent short-range force from axionlike particles using optically polarized He 3 gas journal, January 2013

Spin-dependent macroscopic forces from new particle exchange journal, November 2006

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Constraints on anomalous spin-spin interactions from spin-exchange collisions journal, December 2010

Gravity Resonance Spectroscopy Constrains Dark Energy and Dark Matter Scenarios journal, April 2014

Limits on a C P -violating scalar axion-nucleon interaction journal, July 2012

Particle dark matter: evidence, candidates and constraints journal, January 2005

New Limit on Possible Long-Range Parity-Odd Interactions of the Neutron from Neutron-Spin Rotation in Liquid He 4 journal, February 2013

Search for anomalous spin-spin interactions between electrons using a DC SQUID journal, February 1994

Quasi-Particles and Gauge Invariance in the Theory of Superconductivity journal, February 1960

Preferred-frame and C P -violation tests with polarized electrons journal, November 2008

Searches for invisible axions journal, February 2000

CP Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles journal, June 1977

Experimental search for an anomalous spin-spin interaction between electrons journal, November 1993

Laboratory Search for a Long-Range T -Odd, P -Odd Interaction from Axionlike Particles Using Dual-Species Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with Polarized Xe 129 and Xe 131 Gas journal, September 2013

A subfemtotesla multichannel atomic magnetometer journal, April 2003

Limits on short-range spin-dependent forces from spin relaxation of polarized 3He journal, March 2010

High-Sensitivity Atomic Magnetometer Unaffected by Spin-Exchange Relaxation journal, September 2002

Subfemtotesla Scalar Atomic Magnetometry Using Multipass Cells journal, April 2013

Red giant bound on the axion-electron coupling reexamined journal, February 1995

Emission and detectability of hadronic axions from SN 1987A journal, August 1990

New observables for direct detection of axion dark matter journal, August 2013

Limits on New Long Range Nuclear Spin-Dependent Forces Set with a K − He 3 Comagnetometer journal, December 2009

New Test of Local Lorentz Invariance Using a Ne 21 − Rb − K Comagnetometer journal, October 2011

Comment on “Limits on possible new nucleon monopole-dipole interactions from the spin relaxation rate of polarized He 3 gas” journal, September 2011

Searching for New Spin- and Velocity-Dependent Interactions by Spin Relaxation of Polarized He 3 Gas journal, October 2015

Limits on possible new nucleon monopole-dipole interactions from the spin relaxation rate of polarized He 3 gas journal, February 2011

Short-range fundamental forces journal, October 2011

Short-Range, Spin-Dependent Interactions of Electrons: A Probe for Exotic Pseudo-Goldstone Bosons journal, November 2015

Prospects for electron spin-dependent short-range force experiments with rare earth iron garnet test masses journal, June 2014

The Low-Energy Frontier of Particle Physics journal, November 2010

Search for exotic short-range interactions using paramagnetic insulators journal, May 2015

Broken Symmetries journal, August 1962

Distinguishing axions from generic light scalars using electric dipole moment and fifth-force experiments journal, September 2014

Constraint on the coupling of axionlike particles to matter via an ultracold neutron gravitational experiment journal, April 2007

New constraints for CP-violating forces between nucleons in the range 1 micrometer to 1 centimeter journal, October 2009

Unshielded three-axis vector operation of a spin-exchange-relaxation-free atomic magnetometer journal, November 2004

Using Geoelectrons to Search for Velocity-Dependent Spin-Spin Interactions journal, March 2014

Search for anomalous spin-dependent forces with a polarized-mass torsion pendulum journal, February 1993

Limits on the Axial Coupling Constant of New Light Bosons journal, May 2012

Limits on Spin-Mass Couplings within the Axion Window journal, September 1996

Constraining Exotic Interactions journal, December 2018

Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor journal, May 2019

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Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor text, January 2019

Improved Constraints on an Axion-Mediated Force
journal, January 2011

Search for an Axionlike Spin Coupling Using a Paramagnetic Salt with a dc SQUID
journal, March 1999

Constraints on Exotic Dipole-Dipole Couplings between Electrons at the Micrometer Scale
journal, August 2015

Review of Particle Physics
journal, August 2014

New Constraints on Short-Range Forces Coupling Mass to Intrinsic Spin
journal, February 2007

Constraints on Spin-Dependent Short-Range Interaction between Nucleons
journal, September 2013

Magnetoencephalography with an atomic magnetometer
journal, November 2006

New macroscopic forces?
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Spin-Exchange Shift and Narrowing of Magnetic Resonance Lines in Optically Pumped Alkali Vapors
journal, July 1973

String axiverse
journal, June 2010

Spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer with nearly parallel pump and probe beams
journal, March 2016

Topologically massive spin-1 particles and spin-dependent potentials
journal, May 2015

Polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ as a Probe for Short-Range Spin-Dependent Interactions
journal, October 2010

Laboratory search for spin-dependent short-range force from axionlike particles using optically polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ gas
journal, January 2013

Spin-dependent macroscopic forces from new particle exchange
journal, November 2006

Limits on Exotic Long-Range Spin-Spin Interactions of Electrons
journal, October 2013

Constraints on anomalous spin-spin interactions from spin-exchange collisions
journal, December 2010

Gravity Resonance Spectroscopy Constrains Dark Energy and Dark Matter Scenarios
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Particle dark matter: evidence, candidates and constraints
journal, January 2005

New Limit on Possible Long-Range Parity-Odd Interactions of the Neutron from Neutron-Spin Rotation in Liquid ${}^{4}{He}$
journal, February 2013

Search for anomalous spin-spin interactions between electrons using a DC SQUID
journal, February 1994

Quasi-Particles and Gauge Invariance in the Theory of Superconductivity
journal, February 1960

Preferred-frame and $C P$ -violation tests with polarized electrons
journal, November 2008

Searches for invisible axions
journal, February 2000

$CP$ Conservation in the Presence of Pseudoparticles
journal, June 1977

Experimental search for an anomalous spin-spin interaction between electrons
journal, November 1993

Laboratory Search for a Long-Range $T$ -Odd, $P$ -Odd Interaction from Axionlike Particles Using Dual-Species Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with Polarized ${}^{129}{Xe}$ and ${}^{131}{Xe}$ Gas
journal, September 2013

A subfemtotesla multichannel atomic magnetometer
journal, April 2003

Limits on short-range spin-dependent forces from spin relaxation of polarized 3He
journal, March 2010

High-Sensitivity Atomic Magnetometer Unaffected by Spin-Exchange Relaxation
journal, September 2002

Subfemtotesla Scalar Atomic Magnetometry Using Multipass Cells
journal, April 2013

Red giant bound on the axion-electron coupling reexamined
journal, February 1995

Emission and detectability of hadronic axions from SN 1987A
journal, August 1990

New observables for direct detection of axion dark matter
journal, August 2013

Limits on New Long Range Nuclear Spin-Dependent Forces Set with a $K − {}^{3}{He}$ Comagnetometer
journal, December 2009

New Test of Local Lorentz Invariance Using a ${}^{21}{Ne} − Rb − K$ Comagnetometer
journal, October 2011

Comment on “Limits on possible new nucleon monopole-dipole interactions from the spin relaxation rate of polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ gas”
journal, September 2011

Searching for New Spin- and Velocity-Dependent Interactions by Spin Relaxation of Polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ Gas
journal, October 2015

Limits on possible new nucleon monopole-dipole interactions from the spin relaxation rate of polarized ${}^{3}{He}$ gas
journal, February 2011

Short-range fundamental forces
journal, October 2011

Short-Range, Spin-Dependent Interactions of Electrons: A Probe for Exotic Pseudo-Goldstone Bosons
journal, November 2015

Prospects for electron spin-dependent short-range force experiments with rare earth iron garnet test masses
journal, June 2014

The Low-Energy Frontier of Particle Physics
journal, November 2010

Search for exotic short-range interactions using paramagnetic insulators
journal, May 2015

Broken Symmetries
journal, August 1962

Distinguishing axions from generic light scalars using electric dipole moment and fifth-force experiments
journal, September 2014

Constraint on the coupling of axionlike particles to matter via an ultracold neutron gravitational experiment
journal, April 2007

New constraints for CP-violating forces between nucleons in the range 1 micrometer to 1 centimeter
journal, October 2009

Unshielded three-axis vector operation of a spin-exchange-relaxation-free atomic magnetometer
journal, November 2004

Using Geoelectrons to Search for Velocity-Dependent Spin-Spin Interactions
journal, March 2014

Search for anomalous spin-dependent forces with a polarized-mass torsion pendulum
journal, February 1993

Limits on the Axial Coupling Constant of New Light Bosons
journal, May 2012

Limits on Spin-Mass Couplings within the Axion Window
journal, September 1996

Constraining Exotic Interactions
journal, December 2018

Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor
journal, May 2019

Constraining exotic interactions
text, January 2018

Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor
text, January 2019