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Title: Measurements of continuum lowering in solid-density plasmas created from elements and compounds

Abstract

The effect of a dense plasma environment on the energy levels of an embedded ion is usually described in terms of the lowering of its continuum level. For strongly coupled plasmas, the phenomenon is intimately related to the equation of state; hence, an accurate treatment is crucial for most astrophysical and inertial-fusion applications, where the case of plasma mixtures is of particular interest. In this study, we present an experiment showing that the standard density-dependent analytical models are inadequate to describe solid-density plasmas at the temperatures studied, where the reduction of the binding energies for a given species is unaffected by the different plasma environment (ion density) in either the element or compounds of that species, and can be accurately estimated by calculations only involving the energy levels of an isolated neutral atom. Lastly, the results have implications for the standard approaches to the equation of state calculations.

Authors:
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [3];  [6];  [6];  [3];  [6];  [8];  [9];  [6];  [10] more »;  [1] « less
+ Show Author Affiliations
  1. Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
  2. UC Berkeley, LeConte Hall, Berkeley, California (United States)
  3. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague (Czech Republic). Inst. of Physics
  4. Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju (Korea); Gwangju Inst. of Science and Technology (Korea, Republic of)
  5. Atomic and Molecular Data Unit, Nuclear Data Section, Vienna (Austria)
  6. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  7. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  8. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  9. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)
  10. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Friedrich Schiller Univ., Jena (Germany)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1272408
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-76SF00515
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Nature Communications
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats

Ciricosta, O., Vinko, S. M., Barbrel, B., Rackstraw, D. S., Preston, T. R., Burian, T., Chalupský, J., Cho, B. I., Chung, H. -K., Dakovski, G. L., Engelhorn, K., Hájková, V., Heimann, P., Holmes, M., Juha, L., Krzywinski, J., Lee, R. W., Toleikis, S., Turner, J. J., Zastrau, U., and Wark, J. S. Measurements of continuum lowering in solid-density plasmas created from elements and compounds. United States: N. p., 2016. Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms11713.
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Ciricosta, O., Vinko, S. M., Barbrel, B., Rackstraw, D. S., Preston, T. R., Burian, T., Chalupský, J., Cho, B. I., Chung, H. -K., Dakovski, G. L., Engelhorn, K., Hájková, V., Heimann, P., Holmes, M., Juha, L., Krzywinski, J., Lee, R. W., Toleikis, S., Turner, J. J., Zastrau, U., & Wark, J. S. Measurements of continuum lowering in solid-density plasmas created from elements and compounds. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11713
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Ciricosta, O., Vinko, S. M., Barbrel, B., Rackstraw, D. S., Preston, T. R., Burian, T., Chalupský, J., Cho, B. I., Chung, H. -K., Dakovski, G. L., Engelhorn, K., Hájková, V., Heimann, P., Holmes, M., Juha, L., Krzywinski, J., Lee, R. W., Toleikis, S., Turner, J. J., Zastrau, U., and Wark, J. S. Mon . "Measurements of continuum lowering in solid-density plasmas created from elements and compounds". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11713. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1272408.
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@article{osti_1272408,
title = {Measurements of continuum lowering in solid-density plasmas created from elements and compounds},
author = {Ciricosta, O. and Vinko, S. M. and Barbrel, B. and Rackstraw, D. S. and Preston, T. R. and Burian, T. and Chalupský, J. and Cho, B. I. and Chung, H. -K. and Dakovski, G. L. and Engelhorn, K. and Hájková, V. and Heimann, P. and Holmes, M. and Juha, L. and Krzywinski, J. and Lee, R. W. and Toleikis, S. and Turner, J. J. and Zastrau, U. and Wark, J. S.},
abstractNote = {The effect of a dense plasma environment on the energy levels of an embedded ion is usually described in terms of the lowering of its continuum level. For strongly coupled plasmas, the phenomenon is intimately related to the equation of state; hence, an accurate treatment is crucial for most astrophysical and inertial-fusion applications, where the case of plasma mixtures is of particular interest. In this study, we present an experiment showing that the standard density-dependent analytical models are inadequate to describe solid-density plasmas at the temperatures studied, where the reduction of the binding energies for a given species is unaffected by the different plasma environment (ion density) in either the element or compounds of that species, and can be accurately estimated by calculations only involving the energy levels of an isolated neutral atom. Lastly, the results have implications for the standard approaches to the equation of state calculations.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms11713},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon May 23 00:00:00 EDT 2016},
month = {Mon May 23 00:00:00 EDT 2016}
}
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Journal Article:
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11713
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Cited by: 65 works
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Figures / Tables:

Figure 1 Figure 1: Recordedmore » $K$$a$ emission in magnesium. The emission spectral intensity for a Mg target pumped by the LCLS is plotted in a on a logarithmic colour scale, as a function of the emitted and pumping photon energy. The two observed series correspond to $K$$a$ emission lines from ions with either one or two holes in the $K$-shell (generated by photoabsorption), where each line within a series arises from ions with a given number of electrons in the $L$-shell. The charge states labelling the lines of the main sequence are those of the corresponding absorbing ions, before the $K$-shell photoionization process has occurred; 2+ is the ground state of the Mg ions in the initial metallic state. The orange line corresponds to the condition x = y, where the hole in the $K$-shell for the initial state of the $K$$a$ transition is generated by resonant pumping of a $K$-shell electron to the $L$-shell. In b, vertical lineouts for the emission intensity from each of the labelled charge states in a is plotted as a function of the LCLS photon energy. The curves have been shifted vertically for clarity. The dotted lines are meant to guide the eye for the identification of the plateau, which corresponds to LCLS photon energies in excess of the $K$-edge threshold for the given ion. The pre-edge peaks at low energies correspond to the resonances. Features that are common between different charge states are due either to collisional effects (see text) or to the varying signal-to-noise ratio with the pump photon energy (see Methods section).« less
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