Eight ultra-faint galaxy candidates discovered in year two of the Dark Energy Survey
Abstract
Here, we report the discovery of eight new ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidates in the second year of optical imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Six of these candidates are detected at high confidence, while two lower-confidence candidates are identified in regions of non-uniform survey coverage. The new stellar systems are found by three independent automated search techniques and are identified as overdensities of stars, consistent with the isochrone and luminosity function of an old and metal-poor simple stellar population. The new systems are faint (MV > –4.7 $$\mathrm{mag}$$) and span a range of physical sizes (17 $$\mathrm{pc}$$ < r1/2 < 181 $$\mathrm{pc}$$) and heliocentric distances (25 kpc < D⊙ < 214 kpc). All of the new systems have central surface brightnesses consistent with known ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (μ ≳ 27.5 $$\mathrm{mag}$$ $$\mathrm{arcsec}$$–2). Roughly half of the DES candidates are more distant, less luminous, and/or have lower surface brightnesses than previously known Milky Way satellite galaxies. Most of the candidates are found in the southern part of the DES footprint close to the Magellanic Clouds. We find that the DES data alone exclude (p < 10–3) a spatially isotropic distribution of Milky Way satellites and that the observed distribution can be well, though not uniquely, described by an association between several of the DES satellites and the Magellanic system. Our model predicts that the full sky may hold ~100 ultra-faint galaxies with physical properties comparable to the DES satellites and that 20%–30% of these would be spatially associated with the Magellanic Clouds.
- Authors:
-
- Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States). et al.
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
- Contributing Org.:
- DES Collaboration; The DES Collaboration
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1221344
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1263407
- Report Number(s):
- FERMILAB-PUB-15-351-AE; SLAC-PUB-16631
Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357; arXiv eprint number arXiv:1508.03622
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-07CH11359; AC02-76SF00515
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online); Journal Volume: 813; Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 1538-4357
- Publisher:
- Institute of Physics (IOP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; galaxies: dwarf; local group; astrophysics; phenomenology-HEP; ASTRO
Citation Formats
Drlica-Wagner, A. Eight ultra-faint galaxy candidates discovered in year two of the Dark Energy Survey. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/813/2/109.
Drlica-Wagner, A. Eight ultra-faint galaxy candidates discovered in year two of the Dark Energy Survey. United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/813/2/109
Drlica-Wagner, A. Wed .
"Eight ultra-faint galaxy candidates discovered in year two of the Dark Energy Survey". United States. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/813/2/109. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1221344.
@article{osti_1221344,
title = {Eight ultra-faint galaxy candidates discovered in year two of the Dark Energy Survey},
author = {Drlica-Wagner, A.},
abstractNote = {Here, we report the discovery of eight new ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidates in the second year of optical imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Six of these candidates are detected at high confidence, while two lower-confidence candidates are identified in regions of non-uniform survey coverage. The new stellar systems are found by three independent automated search techniques and are identified as overdensities of stars, consistent with the isochrone and luminosity function of an old and metal-poor simple stellar population. The new systems are faint (MV > –4.7 $\mathrm{mag}$) and span a range of physical sizes (17 $\mathrm{pc}$ < r1/2 < 181 $\mathrm{pc}$) and heliocentric distances (25 kpc < D⊙ < 214 kpc). All of the new systems have central surface brightnesses consistent with known ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (μ ≳ 27.5 $\mathrm{mag}$ $\mathrm{arcsec}$–2). Roughly half of the DES candidates are more distant, less luminous, and/or have lower surface brightnesses than previously known Milky Way satellite galaxies. Most of the candidates are found in the southern part of the DES footprint close to the Magellanic Clouds. We find that the DES data alone exclude (p < 10–3) a spatially isotropic distribution of Milky Way satellites and that the observed distribution can be well, though not uniquely, described by an association between several of the DES satellites and the Magellanic system. Our model predicts that the full sky may hold ~100 ultra-faint galaxies with physical properties comparable to the DES satellites and that 20%–30% of these would be spatially associated with the Magellanic Clouds.},
doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/813/2/109},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal (Online)},
number = 2,
volume = 813,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Nov 04 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Wed Nov 04 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
Web of Science
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- Ciucă, Ioana; Kawata, Daisuke; Ando, Shin'ichiro
- arXiv
Quantifying the abundance of faint, low-redshift satellite galaxies in the COSMOS survey
text, January 2018
- Xi, ChengYu; Taylor, James E.; Massey, Richard J.
- arXiv
Bootes III is a disrupting dwarf galaxy associated with the Styx stellar stream
text, January 2018
- Carlin, Jeffrey L.; Sand, David J.
- arXiv
The Local Group on FIRE: Dwarf galaxy populations across a suite of hydrodynamic simulations
text, January 2018
- Garrison-Kimmel, Shea; Hopkins, Philip F.; Wetzel, Andrew
- arXiv
The Suppression of Star Formation on the Smallest Scales: What Role Does Environment Play?
text, January 2018
- Wimberly, M. K. Rodriguez; Cooper, M. C.; Fillingham, S. P.
- arXiv
The faint end of the Centaurus A satellite luminosity function
text, January 2018
- Crnojević, D.; Sand, D. J.; Bennet, P. N.
- arXiv
The Milky Way's total satellite population and constraining the mass of the warm dark matter particle
text, January 2018
- Newton, Oliver; Cautun, Marius; Jenkins, Adrian
- arXiv
Dwarf spheroidal $J$-factor likelihoods for generalized NFW profiles
text, January 2018
- Chiappo, A.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Conrad, J.
- arXiv
The velocity anisotropy of the Milky Way satellite system
text, January 2018
- Riley, Alexander H.; Fattahi, Azadeh; Pace, Andrew B.
- arXiv
Stellar streams around the Magellanic Clouds in 4D
text, January 2018
- Navarrete, Camila; Belokurov, Vasily; Catelan, Márcio
- arXiv
A Multi-Band Catalog of 10978 Star Clusters, Associations and Candidates in the Milky Way
text, January 2018
- Bica, Eduardo; Pavani, Daniela B.; Bonatto, Charles J.
- arXiv
Dynamical Histories of the Crater II and Hercules Dwarf Galaxies
text, January 2019
- Fu, Sal Wanying; Simon, Joshua D.; Jara, Alex G. Alarcón
- arXiv
An upper limit on primordial magnetic fields from ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
text, January 2019
- Safarzadeh, Mohammadtaher; Loeb, Abraham
- arXiv
The Pristine Dwarf-Galaxy survey - II. In-depth observational study of the faint Milky Way satellite Sagittarius II
text, January 2019
- Longeard, Nicolas; Martin, Nicolas; Starkenburg, Else
- arXiv
Constraints on Dark Matter Microphysics from the Milky Way Satellite Population
text, January 2019
- Nadler, Ethan O.; Gluscevic, Vera; Boddy, Kimberly K.
- arXiv
Identification of RR Lyrae stars in multiband, sparsely-sampled data from the Dark Energy Survey using template fitting and Random Forest classification
text, January 2019
- Stringer, K. M.; Long, J. P.; Macri, L. M.
- arXiv
Neutron star binary orbits in their host potential: effect on early r-process enrichment
text, January 2019
- Bonetti, Matteo; Perego, Albino; Dotti, Massimo
- arXiv
Dark and luminous satellites of LMC-mass galaxies in the FIRE simulations
text, January 2019
- Jahn, Ethan D.; Sales, Laura V.; Wetzel, Andrew
- arXiv
Detailed study of the Milky Way globular cluster Laevens 3
text, January 2019
- Longeard, Nicolas; Martin, Nicolas; Ibata, Rodrigo A.
- arXiv
Triangulum-Andromeda overdensity: a region with a complex stellar population
text, January 2019
- Silva, J. V. Sales; Perottoni, H. D.; Cunha, K.
- arXiv