Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Morgan, Trevor James; Turn, Scott Q.; George, Anthe

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136511

Title: Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Abstract

A reactor was designed and commissioned to study the fast pyrolysis behavior of banagrass as a function of temperature and volatiles residence time. Four temperatures between 400 and 600°C were examined as well as four residence times between ~1.0 and 10 seconds. Pyrolysis product distributions of bio-oil, char and permanent gases were determined at each reaction condition. The elemental composition of the bio-oils and chars was also assessed. The greatest bio-oil yield was recorded when working at 450°C with a volatiles residence time of 1.4 s, ~37 wt% relative to the dry ash free feedstock (excluding pyrolysis water). The amounts of char (organic fraction) and permanent gases under these conditions are ~4 wt% and 8 wt% respectively. The bio-oil yield stated above is for 'dry' bio-oil after rotary evaporation to remove solvent, which results in volatiles and pyrolysis water being removed from the bio-oil. The material removed during drying accounts for the remainder of the pyrolysis products. The 'dry' bio-oil produced under these conditions contains ~56 wt% carbon which is ~40 wt% of the carbon present in the feedstock. The oxygen content of the 450°C, 1.4 s 'dry' bio-oil is ~38 wt%, which accounts for ~33 wt% of the oxygenmore »« less

Authors:

Morgan, Trevor James ^[1]; Turn, Scott Q. ^[1]; George, Anthe ^[2]

Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1261100

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0003507

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: PLoS ONE

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 10; Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 1932-6203

Publisher:: Public Library of Science

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES

Citation Formats


                    Morgan, Trevor James, Turn, Scott Q., and George, Anthe. Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136511.

Copy to clipboard


                    Morgan, Trevor James, Turn, Scott Q., & George, Anthe. Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136511

Copy to clipboard


                    Morgan, Trevor James, Turn, Scott Q., and George, Anthe. Wed .  
"Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136511.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1261100.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1261100,

  title        = {Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor},

  author       = {Morgan, Trevor James and Turn, Scott Q. and George, Anthe},

  abstractNote = {A reactor was designed and commissioned to study the fast pyrolysis behavior of banagrass as a function of temperature and volatiles residence time. Four temperatures between 400 and 600°C were examined as well as four residence times between ~1.0 and 10 seconds. Pyrolysis product distributions of bio-oil, char and permanent gases were determined at each reaction condition. The elemental composition of the bio-oils and chars was also assessed. The greatest bio-oil yield was recorded when working at 450°C with a volatiles residence time of 1.4 s, ~37 wt% relative to the dry ash free feedstock (excluding pyrolysis water). The amounts of char (organic fraction) and permanent gases under these conditions are ~4 wt% and 8 wt% respectively. The bio-oil yield stated above is for 'dry' bio-oil after rotary evaporation to remove solvent, which results in volatiles and pyrolysis water being removed from the bio-oil. The material removed during drying accounts for the remainder of the pyrolysis products. The 'dry' bio-oil produced under these conditions contains ~56 wt% carbon which is ~40 wt% of the carbon present in the feedstock. The oxygen content of the 450°C, 1.4 s 'dry' bio-oil is ~38 wt%, which accounts for ~33 wt% of the oxygen in the feedstock. At higher temperature or longer residence time less bio-oil and char is recovered and more gas and light volatiles are produced. Increasing the temperature has a more significant effect on product yields and composition than increasing the volatiles residence time. At 600°C and a volatiles residence time of 1.2 seconds the bio-oil yield is ~21 wt% of the daf feedstock, with a carbon content of 64 wt% of the bio-oil. The bio-oil yield from banagrass is significantly lower than from woody biomass or grasses such as switchgrass or miscanthus, but is similar to barley straw. In conclusion, the reason for the low bio-oil yield from banagrass is thought to be related to its high ash content (8.5 wt% dry basis) and high concentration of alkali and alkali earth metals (totaling ~2.8 wt% relative to the dry feedstock) which are catalytic and increase cracking reactions during pyrolysis.},

  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0136511},

  journal      = {PLoS ONE},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 10,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2015},

  month        = {Wed Aug 26 00:00:00 EDT 2015}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Publisher's Version of Record

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136511

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 21 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Optimizing biofuel production: An economic analysis for selected biofuel feedstock production in Hawaii
journal, May 2011

Tran, Nghia; Illukpitiya, Prabodh; Yanagida, John F.
Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 35, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.012

Banagrass vs Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstocks for Metallurgical Biocarbon Production ^†
journal, December 2008

Yoshida, Takuya; Turn, Scott Q.; Yost, Russell S.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 47, Issue 24
DOI: 10.1021/ie801123a

Pyrolysis of Coals and Biomass: Analysis of Thermal Breakdown and Its Products
journal, October 2013

Morgan, Trevor J.; Kandiyoti, Rafael
Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1021/cr400194p

Introduction to pyrolysis of biomass
journal, April 1982

Shafizadeh, F.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 3, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1016/0165-2370(82)80017-X

The flash pyrolysis of aspen-poplar wood
journal, October 1982

Scott, D. S.; Piskorz, J.
The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 60, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450600514

A Kinetic Model for the Production of Liquids from the Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass
journal, March 1988

Liden, A. G.; Berruti, F.; Scott, D. S.
Chemical Engineering Communications, Vol. 65, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1080/00986448808940254

Rules of Thumb (Empirical Rules) for the Biomass Utilization by Thermochemical Conversion
journal, January 2014

ANTAL, Jr., Michael J.; Helsen, Lieve M.; Kouzu, Masato
Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, Vol. 93, Issue 8
DOI: 10.3775/jie.93.684

Additives To Lower and Stabilize the Viscosity of Pyrolysis Oils during Storage
journal, September 1997

Diebold, James P.; Czernik, Stefan
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 11, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1021/ef9700339

Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis OilsState of the Art for the End Users
journal, July 1999

Oasmaa, Anja; Czernik, Stefan
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 13, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1021/ef980272b

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
journal, March 2012

Bridgwater, A. V.
Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 38, p. 68-94
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.048

Secondary reactions of flash pyrolysis tars measured in a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor with some novel design features
journal, March 1989

Stiles, H.; Kandiyoti, R.
Fuel, Vol. 68, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(89)90087-2

Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues
journal, February 2010

Oasmaa, Anja; Solantausta, Yrjö; Arpiainen, Vesa
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 24, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/ef901107f

A comparative study of straw, perennial grasses and hardwoods in terms of fast pyrolysis products
journal, June 2013

Greenhalf, C. E.; Nowakowski, D. J.; Harms, A. B.
Fuel, Vol. 108
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.01.075

The effect of lignin and inorganic species in biomass on pyrolysis oil yields, quality and stability
journal, June 2008

Fahmi, R.; Bridgwater, A. V.; Donnison, I.
Fuel, Vol. 87, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2007.07.026

Comparison of physicochemical features of biooils and biochars produced from various woody biomasses by fast pyrolysis
journal, February 2013

Kim, Kwang Ho; Kim, Tae-Seung; Lee, Soo-Min
Renewable Energy, Vol. 50
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.06.030

Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Switchgrass for Bio-Oil Production ^†
journal, March 2007

Boateng, Akwasi A.; Daugaard, Daren E.; Goldberg, Neil M.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 46, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/ie0614529

Mallee wood fast pyrolysis: Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on the yield and composition of bio-oil
journal, September 2011

Mourant, Daniel; Wang, Zhouhong; He, Min
Fuel, Vol. 90, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.04.033

An overview of the organic and inorganic phase composition of biomass
journal, April 2012

Vassilev, Stanislav V.; Baxter, David; Andersen, Lars K.
Fuel, Vol. 94
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.09.030

An overview of the composition and application of biomass ash. Part 1. Phase–mineral and chemical composition and classification
journal, March 2013

Vassilev, Stanislav V.; Baxter, David; Andersen, Lars K.
Fuel, Vol. 105
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.09.041

The fate of inorganic constituents of biomass in fluidized bed gasification
journal, February 1998

Turn, S.
Fuel, Vol. 77, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(97)00190-7

A statistical analysis of the auto thermal fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in fluidized bed reactor based on produced charcoal
journal, April 2014

Mesa-Pérez, Juan M.; Cortez, Luis A. B.; Marín-Mesa, Henry R.
Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 65, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.12.072

Thermal conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum) to bio-gas, bio-oil and charcoal
journal, November 2008

Strezov, Vladimir; Evans, Tim J.; Hayman, Chris
Bioresource Technology, Vol. 99, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.039

Moderately high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulose under vacuum conditions
journal, November 1988

Ekwenchi, Mbanefo M.; Araka, Benedict E.; Ekpenyong, Kieran I.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 27, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1021/ie00083a036

Pyrolysis kinetics of elephant grass pretreated biomasses
journal, June 2014

Braga, Renata M.; Costa, Tiago R.; Freitas, Julio C. O.
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Vol. 117, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/s10973-014-3884-2

Characterization of bioresidues for biooil production through pyrolysis
journal, June 2013

Mythili, R.; Venkatachalam, P.; Subramanian, P.
Bioresource Technology, Vol. 138
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.161

Pyrolysis of napier grass in an induction-heating reactor
journal, July 2010

Lee, Mei-Kuei; Tsai, Wen-Tien; Tsai, Yi-Lin
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 88, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2010.03.003

Inherent process variations between fast pyrolysis technologies: A case study on Eucalyptus grandis
journal, March 2015

Joubert, Jan-Erns; Carrier, Marion; Dahmen, Nicolaus
Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 131
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.12.012

Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hardwood from Tree Species with Applications as Bioenergy Feedstocks
journal, December 2012

Çetinkol, Özgül Persil; Smith-Moritz, Andreia M.; Cheng, Gang
PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052820

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
journal, May 2006

Mohan, Dinesh; Pittman,, Charles U.; Steele, Philip H.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 20, Issue 3, p. 848-889
DOI: 10.1021/ef0502397

Contaminant Estimates and Removal in Product Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification
journal, February 2010

Cui, Hong; Turn, Scott Q.; Keffer, Vheissu
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 24, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/ef9010109

Characterization of biomass pyrolysis tars produced in the relative absence of extraparticle secondary reactions
journal, July 1991

Fraga, Ana-Rita; Gaines, Alec F.; Kandiyoti, Rafael
Fuel, Vol. 70, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(91)90186-E

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase
journal, May 2011

Xu, R.; Ferrante, L.; Briens, C.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 91, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.03.001

Comparison of pyrolytic products produced from inorganic-rich and demineralized rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) by fluidized bed pyrolyzer for future biorefinery approach
journal, January 2013

Eom, In-Yong; Kim, Jae-Young; Lee, Soo-Min
Bioresource Technology, Vol. 128
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.082

Pyrolytic Reactions of Lignin within Naturally Occurring Plant Matrices: Challenges in Biomass Pyrolysis Modeling Due to Synergistic Effects
journal, October 2014

George, Anthe; Morgan, Trevor J.; Kandiyoti, Rafael
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 28, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1021/ef501459c

Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering
journal, September 2006

Huber, George W.; Iborra, Sara; Corma, Avelino
Chemical Reviews, Vol. 106, Issue 9, p. 4044-4098
DOI: 10.1021/cr068360d

Developments in direct thermochemical liquefaction of biomass: 1983-1990
journal, May 1991

Elliott, D. C.; Beckman, D.; Bridgwater, A. V.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 5, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1021/ef00027a008

Pyrolysis of solid fuels
book, January 2017

Kandiyoti, Rafael; Herod, Alan; Bartle, Keith
Solid Fuels and Heavy Hydrocarbon Liquids, p. 25-123
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100784-6.00003-5

The flash pyrolysis of aspen-poplar wood
journal, October 1982

Scott, D. S.; Piskorz, J.
The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 60, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450600514

Pyrolysis kinetics of elephant grass pretreated biomasses
journal, June 2014

Braga, Renata M.; Costa, Tiago R.; Freitas, Julio C. O.
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Vol. 117, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/s10973-014-3884-2

Secondary reactions of flash pyrolysis tars measured in a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor with some novel design features
journal, March 1989

Stiles, H.; Kandiyoti, R.
Fuel, Vol. 68, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(89)90087-2

A statistical analysis of the auto thermal fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in fluidized bed reactor based on produced charcoal
journal, April 2014

Mesa-Pérez, Juan M.; Cortez, Luis A. B.; Marín-Mesa, Henry R.
Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 65, Issue 1-2
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.12.072

Optimizing biofuel production: An economic analysis for selected biofuel feedstock production in Hawaii
journal, May 2011

Tran, Nghia; Illukpitiya, Prabodh; Yanagida, John F.
Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 35, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.012

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
journal, March 2012

Bridgwater, A. V.
Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 38, p. 68-94
DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.048

Thermal conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum) to bio-gas, bio-oil and charcoal
journal, November 2008

Strezov, Vladimir; Evans, Tim J.; Hayman, Chris
Bioresource Technology, Vol. 99, Issue 17
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.039

Characterization of bioresidues for biooil production through pyrolysis
journal, June 2013

Mythili, R.; Venkatachalam, P.; Subramanian, P.
Bioresource Technology, Vol. 138
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.161

Mallee wood fast pyrolysis: Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on the yield and composition of bio-oil
journal, September 2011

Mourant, Daniel; Wang, Zhouhong; He, Min
Fuel, Vol. 90, Issue 9
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.04.033

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase
journal, May 2011

Xu, R.; Ferrante, L.; Briens, C.
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Vol. 91, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.03.001

Comparison of physicochemical features of biooils and biochars produced from various woody biomasses by fast pyrolysis
journal, February 2013

Kim, Kwang Ho; Kim, Tae-Seung; Lee, Soo-Min
Renewable Energy, Vol. 50
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.06.030

Pyrolysis of Coals and Biomass: Analysis of Thermal Breakdown and Its Products
journal, October 2013

Morgan, Trevor J.; Kandiyoti, Rafael
Chemical Reviews, Vol. 114, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1021/cr400194p

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
journal, May 2006

Mohan, Dinesh; Pittman,, Charles U.; Steele, Philip H.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 20, Issue 3, p. 848-889
DOI: 10.1021/ef0502397

Pyrolytic Reactions of Lignin within Naturally Occurring Plant Matrices: Challenges in Biomass Pyrolysis Modeling Due to Synergistic Effects
journal, October 2014

George, Anthe; Morgan, Trevor J.; Kandiyoti, Rafael
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 28, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1021/ef501459c

Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues
journal, February 2010

Oasmaa, Anja; Solantausta, Yrjö; Arpiainen, Vesa
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 24, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/ef901107f

Additives To Lower and Stabilize the Viscosity of Pyrolysis Oils during Storage
journal, September 1997

Diebold, James P.; Czernik, Stefan
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 11, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1021/ef9700339

Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis OilsState of the Art for the End Users
journal, July 1999

Oasmaa, Anja; Czernik, Stefan
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 13, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1021/ef980272b

Moderately high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulose under vacuum conditions
journal, November 1988

Ekwenchi, Mbanefo M.; Araka, Benedict E.; Ekpenyong, Kieran I.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 27, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1021/ie00083a036

Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Switchgrass for Bio-Oil Production ^†
journal, March 2007

Boateng, Akwasi A.; Daugaard, Daren E.; Goldberg, Neil M.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 46, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/ie0614529

Banagrass vs Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstocks for Metallurgical Biocarbon Production ^†
journal, December 2008

Yoshida, Takuya; Turn, Scott Q.; Yost, Russell S.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 47, Issue 24
DOI: 10.1021/ie801123a

A Kinetic Model for the Production of Liquids from the Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass
journal, March 1988

Liden, A. G.; Berruti, F.; Scott, D. S.
Chemical Engineering Communications, Vol. 65, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1080/00986448808940254

Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hardwood from Tree Species with Applications as Bioenergy Feedstocks
journal, December 2012

Çetinkol, Özgül Persil; Smith-Moritz, Andreia M.; Cheng, Gang
PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052820

Rules of Thumb (Empirical Rules) for the Biomass Utilization by Thermochemical Conversion
journal, January 2014

ANTAL, Jr., Michael J.; Helsen, Lieve M.; Kouzu, Masato
Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, Vol. 93, Issue 8
DOI: 10.3775/jie.93.684

Works referencing / citing this record:

Fast Pyrolysis of Tropical Biomass Species and Influence of Water Pretreatment on Product Distributions
journal, March 2016

Morgan, Trevor James; Turn, Scott Q.; Sun, Ning
PLOS ONE, Vol. 11, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151368

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Fast pyrolysis of tropical biomass species and influence of water pretreatment on product distributions

Journal Article Morgan, Trevor James ; Turn, Scott Q. ; Sun, Ning ; ... - PLoS ONE

The fast pyrolysis behaviour of pretreated banagrass was examined at four temperatures (between 400 and 600 C) and four residence times (between ~1.2 and 12 s). The pretreatment used water washing/leaching to reduce the inorganic content of the banagrass. Yields of bio-oil, permanent gases and char were determined at each reaction condition and compared to previously published results from untreated banagrass. Comparing the bio-oil yields from the untreated and pretreated banagrass shows that the yields were greater from the pretreated banagrass by 4 to 11 wt% (absolute) at all reaction conditions. The effect of pretreatment (i.e. reducing the amount ofmore »« less
Cited by 18
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151368

Full Text Available
Catalytic Bio-crude Production in a Novel, Short-Contact Time Reactor

Technical Report Dayton, David Charles

RTI has developed a catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) process to produce biomass-based hydrocarbon replacement fuels. From a technology perspective, this advanced biofuels process produces liquid transportation fuels that can leverage capital expenditures in the existing petroleum distribution infrastructure. From a business perspective, this technology does not face potential market limitations caused by oxygenate blend limitations for light duty vehicle applications. A promising catalyst has been developed with excellent potential for deoxygenation to produce a hydrocarbon-rich biocrude that is more suitable for upgrading with traditional hydroprocessing technology. The role of the catalyst is to control the chemistry during biomass pyrolysis tomore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1593277

Full Text Available
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass

Journal Article Elliott, Douglas C - IEA Bioenergy Task 34 Pyrolysis

Hydrothermal liquefaction technology is describes in its relationship to fast pyrolysis of biomass. The scope of work at PNNL is discussed and some intial results are presented. HydroThermal Liquefaction (HTL), called high-pressure liquefaction in earlier years, is an alternative process for conversion of biomass into liquid products. Some experts consider it to be pyrolysis in solvent phase. It is typically performed at about 350 C and 200 atm pressure such that the water carrier for biomass slurry is maintained in a liquid phase, i.e. below super-critical conditions. In some applications catalysts and/or reducing gases have been added to the systemmore »« less
Chapter 8: Biomass Pyrolysis Oils

Book McCormick, Robert L. ; Baldwin, Robert M. ; Arbogast, Stephen ; ...

Fast pyrolysis is heating on the order of 1000 degrees C/s in the absence of oxygen to 40-600 degrees C, which causes decomposition of the biomass. Liquid product yield from biomass can be as much as 80% of starting dry weight and contains up to 75% of the biomass energy content. Other products are gases, primarily carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, as well as solid char and ash. Residence time in the reactor is only 0.5-2 s so that relatively small, low-capital-cost reactors can be used. The low capital cost combined with greenhouse gas emission reductions relative to petroleummore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527685318.ch8
Pilot plant reliability metrics for grinding and fast pyrolysis of woody residues

Journal Article Klinger, Jordan ; Carpenter, Daniel ; Thompson, Vicki ; ... - ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

Here we report on the effects of loblolly pine residue variability on material throughput, pilot plant uptime, operator intervention, product yield, and product quality for grinding, fast pyrolysis, and hydrotreating operations. Preprocessing throughput using a hammer mill varied between 31-48% of nameplate capacity (5 tons/hr). Grinder overloads in the size reduction step were more prevalent for lower ash and higher moisture materials. Fast pyrolysis throughput varied between 57-72% of nameplate capacity (20 kg/hr) and bio-oil yields varied between 46-53% (feedstock carbon to oil, dry basis). During fast pyrolysis operations, downtime was caused by bridging in the feed and char removalmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06718

Similar Records

Title: Fast Pyrolysis Behavior of Banagrass as a Function of Temperature and Volatiles Residence Time in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Abstract

Citation Formats

Optimizing biofuel production: An economic analysis for selected biofuel feedstock production in Hawaii journal, May 2011

Banagrass vs Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstocks for Metallurgical Biocarbon Production † journal, December 2008

Pyrolysis of Coals and Biomass: Analysis of Thermal Breakdown and Its Products journal, October 2013

Introduction to pyrolysis of biomass journal, April 1982

The flash pyrolysis of aspen-poplar wood journal, October 1982

A Kinetic Model for the Production of Liquids from the Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass journal, March 1988

Rules of Thumb (Empirical Rules) for the Biomass Utilization by Thermochemical Conversion journal, January 2014

Additives To Lower and Stabilize the Viscosity of Pyrolysis Oils during Storage journal, September 1997

Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis OilsState of the Art for the End Users journal, July 1999

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading journal, March 2012

Secondary reactions of flash pyrolysis tars measured in a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor with some novel design features journal, March 1989

Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues journal, February 2010

A comparative study of straw, perennial grasses and hardwoods in terms of fast pyrolysis products journal, June 2013

The effect of lignin and inorganic species in biomass on pyrolysis oil yields, quality and stability journal, June 2008

Comparison of physicochemical features of biooils and biochars produced from various woody biomasses by fast pyrolysis journal, February 2013

Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Switchgrass for Bio-Oil Production † journal, March 2007

Mallee wood fast pyrolysis: Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on the yield and composition of bio-oil journal, September 2011

An overview of the organic and inorganic phase composition of biomass journal, April 2012

An overview of the composition and application of biomass ash. Part 1. Phase–mineral and chemical composition and classification journal, March 2013

The fate of inorganic constituents of biomass in fluidized bed gasification journal, February 1998

A statistical analysis of the auto thermal fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in fluidized bed reactor based on produced charcoal journal, April 2014

Thermal conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum) to bio-gas, bio-oil and charcoal journal, November 2008

Moderately high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulose under vacuum conditions journal, November 1988

Pyrolysis kinetics of elephant grass pretreated biomasses journal, June 2014

Characterization of bioresidues for biooil production through pyrolysis journal, June 2013

Pyrolysis of napier grass in an induction-heating reactor journal, July 2010

Inherent process variations between fast pyrolysis technologies: A case study on Eucalyptus grandis journal, March 2015

Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hardwood from Tree Species with Applications as Bioenergy Feedstocks journal, December 2012

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review journal, May 2006

Contaminant Estimates and Removal in Product Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification journal, February 2010

Characterization of biomass pyrolysis tars produced in the relative absence of extraparticle secondary reactions journal, July 1991

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase journal, May 2011

Comparison of pyrolytic products produced from inorganic-rich and demineralized rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) by fluidized bed pyrolyzer for future biorefinery approach journal, January 2013

Pyrolytic Reactions of Lignin within Naturally Occurring Plant Matrices: Challenges in Biomass Pyrolysis Modeling Due to Synergistic Effects journal, October 2014

Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering journal, September 2006

Developments in direct thermochemical liquefaction of biomass: 1983-1990 journal, May 1991

Pyrolysis of solid fuels book, January 2017

The flash pyrolysis of aspen-poplar wood journal, October 1982

Pyrolysis kinetics of elephant grass pretreated biomasses journal, June 2014

Secondary reactions of flash pyrolysis tars measured in a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor with some novel design features journal, March 1989

A statistical analysis of the auto thermal fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in fluidized bed reactor based on produced charcoal journal, April 2014

Optimizing biofuel production: An economic analysis for selected biofuel feedstock production in Hawaii journal, May 2011

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading journal, March 2012

Thermal conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum) to bio-gas, bio-oil and charcoal journal, November 2008

Characterization of bioresidues for biooil production through pyrolysis journal, June 2013

Mallee wood fast pyrolysis: Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on the yield and composition of bio-oil journal, September 2011

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase journal, May 2011

Comparison of physicochemical features of biooils and biochars produced from various woody biomasses by fast pyrolysis journal, February 2013

Pyrolysis of Coals and Biomass: Analysis of Thermal Breakdown and Its Products journal, October 2013

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review journal, May 2006

Pyrolytic Reactions of Lignin within Naturally Occurring Plant Matrices: Challenges in Biomass Pyrolysis Modeling Due to Synergistic Effects journal, October 2014

Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues journal, February 2010

Additives To Lower and Stabilize the Viscosity of Pyrolysis Oils during Storage journal, September 1997

Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis OilsState of the Art for the End Users journal, July 1999

Moderately high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulose under vacuum conditions journal, November 1988

Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Switchgrass for Bio-Oil Production † journal, March 2007

Banagrass vs Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstocks for Metallurgical Biocarbon Production † journal, December 2008

A Kinetic Model for the Production of Liquids from the Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass journal, March 1988

Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hardwood from Tree Species with Applications as Bioenergy Feedstocks journal, December 2012

Rules of Thumb (Empirical Rules) for the Biomass Utilization by Thermochemical Conversion journal, January 2014

Fast Pyrolysis of Tropical Biomass Species and Influence of Water Pretreatment on Product Distributions journal, March 2016

Optimizing biofuel production: An economic analysis for selected biofuel feedstock production in Hawaii
journal, May 2011

Banagrass vs Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstocks for Metallurgical Biocarbon Production ^†
journal, December 2008

Pyrolysis of Coals and Biomass: Analysis of Thermal Breakdown and Its Products
journal, October 2013

Introduction to pyrolysis of biomass
journal, April 1982

The flash pyrolysis of aspen-poplar wood
journal, October 1982

A Kinetic Model for the Production of Liquids from the Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass
journal, March 1988

Rules of Thumb (Empirical Rules) for the Biomass Utilization by Thermochemical Conversion
journal, January 2014

Additives To Lower and Stabilize the Viscosity of Pyrolysis Oils during Storage
journal, September 1997

Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis OilsState of the Art for the End Users
journal, July 1999

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
journal, March 2012

Secondary reactions of flash pyrolysis tars measured in a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor with some novel design features
journal, March 1989

Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues
journal, February 2010

A comparative study of straw, perennial grasses and hardwoods in terms of fast pyrolysis products
journal, June 2013

The effect of lignin and inorganic species in biomass on pyrolysis oil yields, quality and stability
journal, June 2008

Comparison of physicochemical features of biooils and biochars produced from various woody biomasses by fast pyrolysis
journal, February 2013

Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Switchgrass for Bio-Oil Production ^†
journal, March 2007

Mallee wood fast pyrolysis: Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on the yield and composition of bio-oil
journal, September 2011

An overview of the organic and inorganic phase composition of biomass
journal, April 2012

An overview of the composition and application of biomass ash. Part 1. Phase–mineral and chemical composition and classification
journal, March 2013

The fate of inorganic constituents of biomass in fluidized bed gasification
journal, February 1998

A statistical analysis of the auto thermal fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in fluidized bed reactor based on produced charcoal
journal, April 2014

Thermal conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum) to bio-gas, bio-oil and charcoal
journal, November 2008

Moderately high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulose under vacuum conditions
journal, November 1988

Pyrolysis kinetics of elephant grass pretreated biomasses
journal, June 2014

Characterization of bioresidues for biooil production through pyrolysis
journal, June 2013

Pyrolysis of napier grass in an induction-heating reactor
journal, July 2010

Inherent process variations between fast pyrolysis technologies: A case study on Eucalyptus grandis
journal, March 2015

Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hardwood from Tree Species with Applications as Bioenergy Feedstocks
journal, December 2012

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
journal, May 2006

Contaminant Estimates and Removal in Product Gas from Biomass Steam Gasification
journal, February 2010

Characterization of biomass pyrolysis tars produced in the relative absence of extraparticle secondary reactions
journal, July 1991

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase
journal, May 2011

Comparison of pyrolytic products produced from inorganic-rich and demineralized rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) by fluidized bed pyrolyzer for future biorefinery approach
journal, January 2013

Pyrolytic Reactions of Lignin within Naturally Occurring Plant Matrices: Challenges in Biomass Pyrolysis Modeling Due to Synergistic Effects
journal, October 2014

Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering
journal, September 2006

Developments in direct thermochemical liquefaction of biomass: 1983-1990
journal, May 1991

Pyrolysis of solid fuels
book, January 2017

The flash pyrolysis of aspen-poplar wood
journal, October 1982

Pyrolysis kinetics of elephant grass pretreated biomasses
journal, June 2014

Secondary reactions of flash pyrolysis tars measured in a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor with some novel design features
journal, March 1989

A statistical analysis of the auto thermal fast pyrolysis of elephant grass in fluidized bed reactor based on produced charcoal
journal, April 2014

Optimizing biofuel production: An economic analysis for selected biofuel feedstock production in Hawaii
journal, May 2011

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
journal, March 2012

Thermal conversion of elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schum) to bio-gas, bio-oil and charcoal
journal, November 2008

Characterization of bioresidues for biooil production through pyrolysis
journal, June 2013

Mallee wood fast pyrolysis: Effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on the yield and composition of bio-oil
journal, September 2011

Bio-oil production by flash pyrolysis of sugarcane residues and post treatments of the aqueous phase
journal, May 2011

Comparison of physicochemical features of biooils and biochars produced from various woody biomasses by fast pyrolysis
journal, February 2013

Pyrolysis of Coals and Biomass: Analysis of Thermal Breakdown and Its Products
journal, October 2013

Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass for Bio-oil: A Critical Review
journal, May 2006

Pyrolytic Reactions of Lignin within Naturally Occurring Plant Matrices: Challenges in Biomass Pyrolysis Modeling Due to Synergistic Effects
journal, October 2014

Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oils from Wood and Agricultural Residues
journal, February 2010

Additives To Lower and Stabilize the Viscosity of Pyrolysis Oils during Storage
journal, September 1997

Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis OilsState of the Art for the End Users
journal, July 1999

Moderately high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulose under vacuum conditions
journal, November 1988

Bench-Scale Fluidized-Bed Pyrolysis of Switchgrass for Bio-Oil Production ^†
journal, March 2007

Banagrass vs Eucalyptus Wood as Feedstocks for Metallurgical Biocarbon Production ^†
journal, December 2008

A Kinetic Model for the Production of Liquids from the Flash Pyrolysis of Biomass
journal, March 1988

Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hardwood from Tree Species with Applications as Bioenergy Feedstocks
journal, December 2012

Rules of Thumb (Empirical Rules) for the Biomass Utilization by Thermochemical Conversion
journal, January 2014

Fast Pyrolysis of Tropical Biomass Species and Influence of Water Pretreatment on Product Distributions
journal, March 2016