Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl3

Cao, Huibo B.; Yan, Jiaqiang; Bridges, Craig A.; Lumsden, Mark D.; Mandrus, D. G.; Chakoumakos, Bryan C.; Nagler, Stephen E.; Banerjee, A.; Tennant, D. A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.134423

Title: Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl₃

Abstract

Here, single crystals of the Kitaev spin-liquid candidate α – RuCl₃ have been studied to determine the low-temperature bulk properties, the structure, and the magnetic ground state. Refinements of x-ray diffraction data show that the low-temperature crystal structure is described by space group C2/m with a nearly perfect honeycomb lattice exhibiting less than 0.2% in-plane distortion. The as-grown single crystals exhibit only one sharp magnetic transition at T_N = 7 K. The magnetic order below this temperature exhibits a propagation vector of k=(0,1,1/3), which coincides with a three-layer stacking of the C2/m unit cells. Magnetic transitions at higher temperatures up to 14 K can be introduced by deformations of the crystal that result in regions in the crystal with a two-layer stacking sequence. The best-fit symmetry-allowed magnetic structure of the as-grown crystals shows that the spins lie in the ac plane, with a zigzag configuration in each honeycomb layer. The three-layer repeat out-of-plane structure can be refined as a 120° spiral order or a collinear structure with a spin direction of 35° away from the a axis. The collinear spin configuration yields a slightly better fit and also is physically preferred. The average ordered moment in either structure is lessmore » than 0.45(5) μB per Ru³⁺ ion.« less

Authors:

Cao, Huibo B. ^[1]; Yan, Jiaqiang ^[2]; Bridges, Craig A. ^[1]; Lumsden, Mark D. ^[1]; Mandrus, D. G. ^[2]; Chakoumakos, Bryan C. ^[1]; Nagler, Stephen E. ^[2]; Banerjee, A. ^[1]; Tennant, D. A. ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Publication Date:: Tue Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1255683

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1248067

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 93; Journal Issue: 13; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

Citation Formats


                    Cao, Huibo B., Yan, Jiaqiang, Bridges, Craig A., Lumsden, Mark D., Mandrus, D. G., Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Nagler, Stephen E., Banerjee, A., and Tennant, D. A. Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl3.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.134423.

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                    Cao, Huibo B., Yan, Jiaqiang, Bridges, Craig A., Lumsden, Mark D., Mandrus, D. G., Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Nagler, Stephen E., Banerjee, A., & Tennant, D. A. Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl3.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.134423

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                    Cao, Huibo B., Yan, Jiaqiang, Bridges, Craig A., Lumsden, Mark D., Mandrus, D. G., Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Nagler, Stephen E., Banerjee, A., and Tennant, D. A. Tue .  
"Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl3".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.134423.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1255683.

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@article{osti_1255683,

  title        = {Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl3},

  author       = {Cao, Huibo B. and Yan, Jiaqiang and Bridges, Craig A. and Lumsden, Mark D. and Mandrus, D. G. and Chakoumakos, Bryan C. and Nagler, Stephen E. and Banerjee, A. and Tennant, D. A.},

  abstractNote = {Here, single crystals of the Kitaev spin-liquid candidate α – RuCl3 have been studied to determine the low-temperature bulk properties, the structure, and the magnetic ground state. Refinements of x-ray diffraction data show that the low-temperature crystal structure is described by space group C2/m with a nearly perfect honeycomb lattice exhibiting less than 0.2% in-plane distortion. The as-grown single crystals exhibit only one sharp magnetic transition at TN = 7 K. The magnetic order below this temperature exhibits a propagation vector of k=(0,1,1/3), which coincides with a three-layer stacking of the C2/m unit cells. Magnetic transitions at higher temperatures up to 14 K can be introduced by deformations of the crystal that result in regions in the crystal with a two-layer stacking sequence. The best-fit symmetry-allowed magnetic structure of the as-grown crystals shows that the spins lie in the ac plane, with a zigzag configuration in each honeycomb layer. The three-layer repeat out-of-plane structure can be refined as a 120° spiral order or a collinear structure with a spin direction of 35° away from the a axis. The collinear spin configuration yields a slightly better fit and also is physically preferred. The average ordered moment in either structure is less than 0.45(5) μB per Ru3+ ion.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.93.134423},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 13,

  volume       = 93,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016},

  month        = {Tue Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016}

}

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Journal Article Johnson, R. D. ; Williams, S. C. ; Haghighirad, A. A. ; ... - Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

We have proposed the layered honeycomb magnet α - RuCl ₃ as a candidate to realize a Kitaev spin model with strongly frustrated, bond-dependent, anisotropic interactions between spin-orbit entangled j _eff= 1/2 Ru ^{3 +} magnetic moments. We report a detailed study of the three-dimensional crystal structure using x-ray diffraction on untwinned crystals combined with structural relaxation calculations. We consider several models for the stacking of honeycomb layers and find evidence for a parent crystal structure with a monoclinic unit cell corresponding to a stacking of layers with a unidirectional in-plane offset, with occasional in-plane sliding stacking faults, inmore »« less
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https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.235119

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Field-induced intermediate ordered phase and anisotropic interlayer interactions in α-RuCl₃

Journal Article Balz, Christian ; Janssen, Lukas ; Lampen-Kelley, Paige ; ... - Physical Review B

In α-RuCl₃, an external magnetic field applied within the honeycomb plane can induce a transition from a magnetically ordered state to a disordered state that is potentially related to the Kitaev quantum spin liquid. In zero field, single crystals with minimal stacking faults display a low-temperature state with in-plane zigzag antiferromagnetic order and a three-layer periodicity in the direction perpendicular to the honeycomb planes. In this work, we present angle-dependent magnetization, ac susceptibility, and thermal transport data that demonstrate the presence of an additional intermediate-field ordered state at fields below the transition to the disordered phase. Neutron-diffraction results show thatmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.103.174417

Full Text Available
Stacking disorder and thermal transport properties of α-RuCl₃

Journal Article Zhang, Heda ; McGuire, Michael A. ; May, Andrew F. ; ... - Physical Review Materials

α-RuCl₃, a well-known candidate material for Kitaev quantum spin liquid, is prone to stacking disorder due to the weak van der Waals bonding between the honeycomb layers. After a decade of intensive experimental and theoretical studies, the detailed correlation between stacking degree of freedom, structure transition, magnetic, and thermal transport properties remains unresolved. In this work, we reveal the effects of a small amount of stacking disorder inherent even in high quality α-RuCl₃ crystals. This small amount of stacking disorder results in the variation of the magnetic ordering temperature, and it suppresses the structure transition and thermal conductivity. Crystals withmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.8.014402
Structure transition and zigzag magnetic order in Ir/Rh-substituted honeycomb lattice α - RuCl 3

Journal Article Morgan, Zachary ; Ye, Iris ; Sarkis, Colin L. ; ... - Physical Review Materials

Here, we report magnetization and neutron diffraction studies on crystal and magnetic structures of Ir- and Rh-substituted honeycomb lattice α-RuCl₃. The iridium or rhodium atoms are distributed at the Ru site with little structural modification. Both systems undergo a room-temperature monoclinic C2/m to low-temperature trigonalmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.8.016201
Electronic transport mechanisms in a thin crystal of the Kitaev candidate α-RuCl₃ probed through guarded high impedance measurements

Journal Article Barfield, Patrick ; Tran, Vinh ; Nagarajan, Vikram ; ... - Applied Physics Letters

α-RuCl₃ is considered to be the top candidate material for the experimental realization of the celebrated Kitaev model, where ground states are quantum spin liquids with interesting fractionalized excitations. It is, however, known that additional interactions beyond the Kitaev model trigger in α-RuCl₃ a long-range zigzag antiferromagnetic ground state. In this work, we investigate a nanoflake of α-RuCl₃ through guarded high impedance measurements aimed at reaching the regime where the system turns into a zigzag antiferromagnet. We investigated a variety of temperatures (1.45–175 K) and out-of-plane magnetic fields (up to 11 T), finding a clear signature of a structural phasemore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146141

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Title: Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl3

Abstract

Citation Formats

Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond journal, January 2006

Non-Abelian anyons and topological quantum computation journal, September 2008

Highly Mobile Gapless Excitations in a Two-Dimensional Candidate Quantum Spin Liquid journal, June 2010

Fractionalized excitations in the spin-liquid state of a kagome-lattice antiferromagnet journal, December 2012

Dynamics of a Two-Dimensional Quantum Spin Liquid: Signatures of Emergent Majorana Fermions and Fluxes journal, May 2014

Mott Insulators in the Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling Limit: From Heisenberg to a Quantum Compass and Kitaev Models journal, January 2009

Antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state in single crystals of the honeycomb lattice material Na 2 IrO 3 journal, August 2010

Unconventional magnetic order on the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev lattice in β − Li 2 IrO 3 : Full solution via magnetic resonant x-ray diffraction journal, November 2014

Spin-Orbit Physics Giving Rise to Novel Phases in Correlated Systems: Iridates and Related Materials journal, March 2016

Direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate Na2IrO3 journal, May 2015

Relevance of the Heisenberg-Kitaev Model for the Honeycomb Lattice Iridates A 2 IrO 3 journal, March 2012

Zigzag Magnetic Order in the Iridium Oxide Na 2 IrO 3 journal, February 2013

Noncoplanar and Counterrotating Incommensurate Magnetic Order Stabilized by Kitaev Interactions in γ − Li 2 IrO 3 journal, November 2014

Spin Waves and Revised Crystal Structure of Honeycomb Iridate Na 2 IrO 3 journal, March 2012

Direct evidence of a zigzag spin-chain structure in the honeycomb lattice: A neutron and x-ray diffraction investigation of single-crystal Na 2 IrO 3 journal, May 2012

Magnetic order in α − RuCl 3 : A honeycomb-lattice quantum magnet with strong spin-orbit coupling journal, April 2015

Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α − RuCl 3 journal, April 2015

Anisotropic Ru 3 + 4 d 5 magnetism in the α − RuCl 3 honeycomb system: Susceptibility, specific heat, and zero-field NMR journal, May 2015

Moessbauer spectroscopy and magnetization studies of .alpha.- and .beta.-ruthenium trichloride journal, October 1992

Monoclinic crystal structure of α − RuCl 3 and the zigzag antiferromagnetic ground state journal, December 2015

Proximate Kitaev quantum spin liquid behaviour in a honeycomb magnet journal, April 2016

Successive magnetic phase transitions in α − RuCl 3 : XY-like frustrated magnet on the honeycomb lattice journal, March 2015

Anhydrous Ruthenium Chlorides journal, September 1963

X-Ray, infrared, and magnetic studies of α- and β-ruthenium trichloride journal, January 1967

Kitaev-Heisenberg Model on a Honeycomb Lattice: Possible Exotic Phases in Iridium Oxides A 2 IrO 3 journal, July 2010

Generic Spin Model for the Honeycomb Iridates beyond the Kitaev Limit journal, February 2014

Hidden symmetries of the extended Kitaev-Heisenberg model: Implications for the honeycomb-lattice iridates A 2 IrO 3 journal, July 2015

Phase Diagram and Quantum Order by Disorder in the Kitaev K 1 − K 2 Honeycomb Magnet journal, December 2015

Experimental and theoretical studies of the mica polymorphs journal, September 1956

Die struktur des IrBr3 und über die ursachen der fehlordnungserscheinungen bei den in schichtenstrukturen kristallisierenden edelmetalltrihalogeniden journal, July 1968

α- and β-ruthenium trichloride journal, June 1965

A short history of SHELX journal, December 2007

WinGX and ORTEP for Windows : an update journal, July 2012

Automated determination of the extinction symbol via electron diffraction data journal, March 2012

VESTA : a three-dimensional visualization system for electronic and structural analysis journal, May 2008

Four-circle single-crystal neutron diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor journal, May 2011

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction journal, October 1993

The Lattice Vibration Specific Heat of Graphite journal, October 1953

Cation Ordering in Layered O3 Li[Ni x Li 1/3 - 2 x /3 Mn 2/ 3 - x /3 ]O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1 / 2 ) Compounds journal, May 2005

Orbital Order and Fluctuations in Mott Insulators journal, January 2005

Non-Abelian Anyons and Topological Quantum Computation text, January 2007

Generic spin model for the honeycomb iridates beyond the Kitaev limit text, January 2013

Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond text, January 2005

Resonant torsion magnetometry in anisotropic quantum materials journal, September 2018

Theory of the field-revealed Kitaev spin liquid journal, June 2019

Excitations in the field-induced quantum spin liquid state of α-RuCl3 journal, February 2018

Path to stable quantum spin liquids in spin-orbit coupled correlated materials journal, April 2018

Dynamical and thermal magnetic properties of the Kitaev spin liquid candidate α-RuCl3 journal, January 2020

Switching 2D magnetic states via pressure tuning of layer stacking journal, October 2019

Pressure-controlled interlayer magnetism in atomically thin CrI3 journal, October 2019

Enhancement of interlayer exchange in an ultrathin two-dimensional magnet journal, September 2019

Kitaev exchange and field-induced quantum spin-liquid states in honeycomb α-RuCl3 journal, November 2016

Electronic Structure of the Kitaev Material α-RuCl3 Probed by Photoemission and Inverse Photoemission Spectroscopies journal, December 2016

Strain effects on electronic and magnetic properties of the monolayer α - RuCl 3: A first-principles and Monte Carlo study journal, February 2019

Quasi-degenerate magnetic states in α-RuCl 3 journal, December 2018

Two-step gap opening across the quantum critical point in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet α − RuCl 3 journal, January 2020

Selection of direction of the ordered moments in Na 2 IrO 3 and α − RuCl 3 journal, August 2016

Interlayer coupling effect on a bilayer Kitaev model journal, March 2018

Field evolution of magnons in α − RuCl 3 by high-resolution polarized terahertz spectroscopy journal, September 2018

Chiral spin order in some purported Kitaev spin-liquid compounds journal, November 2018

Magnetic anisotropy of the alkali iridate Na 2 IrO 3 at high magnetic fields: Evidence for strong ferromagnetic Kitaev correlations journal, February 2019

Hydrated lithium intercalation into the Kitaev spin liquid candidate material α − RuCl 3 journal, June 2019

Magnetic ordering with an XY-like anisotropy in the honeycomb lattice iridates ZnIrO 3 and MgIrO 3 synthesized via a metathesis reaction journal, May 2018

Field-induced QCD 3 -Chern-Simons quantum criticalities in Kitaev materials journal, January 2020

Weak-field induced nonmagnetic state in a Co-based honeycomb journal, January 2020

Neutron scattering in the proximate quantum spin liquid α-RuCl 3 journal, June 2017

Quantum spin liquids journal, January 2020

Pressure-Tuned Interactions in Frustrated Magnets: Pathway to Quantum Spin Liquids? journal, December 2019

Crystal and Magnetic Structures in Layered, Transition Metal Dihalides and Trihalides journal, April 2017

Majorana fermions in the Kitaev quantum spin system α-RuCl3 journal, September 2017

Concept and realization of Kitaev quantum spin liquids journal, March 2019

2D proximate quantum spin liquid state in atomic-thin α -RuCl 3 journal, November 2018

Observation of two types of fractional excitation in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet text, January 2018

Observation of two types of fractional excitation in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet journal, May 2018

Excitations in the field-induced quantum spin liquid state of α-RuCl3 text, January 2018

Magnetic anisotropy of the alkali iridate Na2IrO3 at high magnetic fields: Evidence for strong ferromagnetic Kitaev correlations text, January 2019

Neutron scattering in the proximate quantum spin liquid α-RuCl3. text, January 2017

Title: Low-temperature crystal and magnetic structure of α – RuCl₃

Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond
journal, January 2006

Non-Abelian anyons and topological quantum computation
journal, September 2008

Highly Mobile Gapless Excitations in a Two-Dimensional Candidate Quantum Spin Liquid
journal, June 2010

Fractionalized excitations in the spin-liquid state of a kagome-lattice antiferromagnet
journal, December 2012

Dynamics of a Two-Dimensional Quantum Spin Liquid: Signatures of Emergent Majorana Fermions and Fluxes
journal, May 2014

Mott Insulators in the Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling Limit: From Heisenberg to a Quantum Compass and Kitaev Models
journal, January 2009

Antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state in single crystals of the honeycomb lattice material ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, August 2010

Unconventional magnetic order on the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev lattice in $β − {Li}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$ : Full solution via magnetic resonant x-ray diffraction
journal, November 2014

Spin-Orbit Physics Giving Rise to Novel Phases in Correlated Systems: Iridates and Related Materials
journal, March 2016

Direct evidence for dominant bond-directional interactions in a honeycomb lattice iridate Na2IrO3
journal, May 2015

Relevance of the Heisenberg-Kitaev Model for the Honeycomb Lattice Iridates $A_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, March 2012

Zigzag Magnetic Order in the Iridium Oxide ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, February 2013

Noncoplanar and Counterrotating Incommensurate Magnetic Order Stabilized by Kitaev Interactions in $γ − {Li}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, November 2014

Spin Waves and Revised Crystal Structure of Honeycomb Iridate ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, March 2012

Direct evidence of a zigzag spin-chain structure in the honeycomb lattice: A neutron and x-ray diffraction investigation of single-crystal Na $_{2}$ IrO $_{3}$
journal, May 2012

Magnetic order in $α - {RuCl}_{3}$ : A honeycomb-lattice quantum magnet with strong spin-orbit coupling
journal, April 2015

Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in $α − {RuCl}_{3}$
journal, April 2015

Anisotropic ${Ru}^{3 +} 4 d^{5}$ magnetism in the $α - {RuCl}_{3}$ honeycomb system: Susceptibility, specific heat, and zero-field NMR
journal, May 2015

Moessbauer spectroscopy and magnetization studies of .alpha.- and .beta.-ruthenium trichloride
journal, October 1992

Monoclinic crystal structure of $α - {RuCl}_{3}$ and the zigzag antiferromagnetic ground state
journal, December 2015

Proximate Kitaev quantum spin liquid behaviour in a honeycomb magnet
journal, April 2016

Successive magnetic phase transitions in $α - {RuCl}_{3}$ : XY-like frustrated magnet on the honeycomb lattice
journal, March 2015

Anhydrous Ruthenium Chlorides
journal, September 1963

X-Ray, infrared, and magnetic studies of α- and β-ruthenium trichloride
journal, January 1967

Kitaev-Heisenberg Model on a Honeycomb Lattice: Possible Exotic Phases in Iridium Oxides $A_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, July 2010

Generic Spin Model for the Honeycomb Iridates beyond the Kitaev Limit
journal, February 2014

Hidden symmetries of the extended Kitaev-Heisenberg model: Implications for the honeycomb-lattice iridates $A_{2} {IrO}_{3}$
journal, July 2015

Phase Diagram and Quantum Order by Disorder in the Kitaev $K_{1} - K_{2}$ Honeycomb Magnet
journal, December 2015

Experimental and theoretical studies of the mica polymorphs
journal, September 1956

Die struktur des IrBr3 und über die ursachen der fehlordnungserscheinungen bei den in schichtenstrukturen kristallisierenden edelmetalltrihalogeniden
journal, July 1968

α- and β-ruthenium trichloride
journal, June 1965

A short history of SHELX
journal, December 2007

WinGX and ORTEP for Windows : an update
journal, July 2012

Automated determination of the extinction symbol via electron diffraction data
journal, March 2012

VESTA : a three-dimensional visualization system for electronic and structural analysis
journal, May 2008

Four-circle single-crystal neutron diffractometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor
journal, May 2011

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction
journal, October 1993

The Lattice Vibration Specific Heat of Graphite
journal, October 1953

Cation Ordering in Layered O3 Li[Ni _x Li _1/3 _- ₂ _x _/3 Mn _2/ ₃ _- _x _/3 ]O ₂ (0 ≤ x ≤ ¹ / ₂ ) Compounds
journal, May 2005

Orbital Order and Fluctuations in Mott Insulators
journal, January 2005

Non-Abelian Anyons and Topological Quantum Computation
text, January 2007

Generic spin model for the honeycomb iridates beyond the Kitaev limit
text, January 2013

Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond
text, January 2005

Resonant torsion magnetometry in anisotropic quantum materials
journal, September 2018

Theory of the field-revealed Kitaev spin liquid
journal, June 2019

Excitations in the field-induced quantum spin liquid state of α-RuCl3
journal, February 2018

Path to stable quantum spin liquids in spin-orbit coupled correlated materials
journal, April 2018

Dynamical and thermal magnetic properties of the Kitaev spin liquid candidate α-RuCl3
journal, January 2020

Switching 2D magnetic states via pressure tuning of layer stacking
journal, October 2019

Pressure-controlled interlayer magnetism in atomically thin CrI3
journal, October 2019

Enhancement of interlayer exchange in an ultrathin two-dimensional magnet
journal, September 2019

Kitaev exchange and field-induced quantum spin-liquid states in honeycomb α-RuCl3
journal, November 2016

Electronic Structure of the Kitaev Material α-RuCl3 Probed by Photoemission and Inverse Photoemission Spectroscopies
journal, December 2016

Strain effects on electronic and magnetic properties of the monolayer α - RuCl 3: A first-principles and Monte Carlo study
journal, February 2019

Quasi-degenerate magnetic states in α-RuCl ₃
journal, December 2018

Two-step gap opening across the quantum critical point in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet $α − {RuCl}_{3}$
journal, January 2020

Selection of direction of the ordered moments in ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$ and $α - {RuCl}_{3}$
journal, August 2016

Interlayer coupling effect on a bilayer Kitaev model
journal, March 2018

Field evolution of magnons in $α − {RuCl}_{3}$ by high-resolution polarized terahertz spectroscopy
journal, September 2018

Chiral spin order in some purported Kitaev spin-liquid compounds
journal, November 2018

Magnetic anisotropy of the alkali iridate ${Na}_{2} {IrO}_{3}$ at high magnetic fields: Evidence for strong ferromagnetic Kitaev correlations
journal, February 2019

Hydrated lithium intercalation into the Kitaev spin liquid candidate material α − RuCl 3
journal, June 2019

Magnetic ordering with an XY-like anisotropy in the honeycomb lattice iridates ${ZnIrO}_{3}$ and ${MgIrO}_{3}$ synthesized via a metathesis reaction
journal, May 2018

Field-induced ${QCD}_{3}$ -Chern-Simons quantum criticalities in Kitaev materials
journal, January 2020

Weak-field induced nonmagnetic state in a Co-based honeycomb
journal, January 2020

Neutron scattering in the proximate quantum spin liquid α-RuCl ₃
journal, June 2017

Quantum spin liquids
journal, January 2020

Pressure-Tuned Interactions in Frustrated Magnets: Pathway to Quantum Spin Liquids?
journal, December 2019

Crystal and Magnetic Structures in Layered, Transition Metal Dihalides and Trihalides
journal, April 2017

Majorana fermions in the Kitaev quantum spin system α-RuCl3
journal, September 2017

Concept and realization of Kitaev quantum spin liquids
journal, March 2019

2D proximate quantum spin liquid state in atomic-thin α -RuCl ₃
journal, November 2018

Observation of two types of fractional excitation in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet
text, January 2018

Observation of two types of fractional excitation in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet
journal, May 2018

Excitations in the field-induced quantum spin liquid state of α-RuCl3
text, January 2018

Magnetic anisotropy of the alkali iridate Na2IrO3 at high magnetic fields: Evidence for strong ferromagnetic Kitaev correlations
text, January 2019

Neutron scattering in the proximate quantum spin liquid α-RuCl3.
text, January 2017

Challenges in Design of Kitaev Materials: Magnetic Interactions from Competing Energy Scales
text, January 2016

Crystal and Magnetic Structures in Layered, Transition Metal Dihalides and Trihalides
text, January 2017