Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems
Abstract
Here, current understanding of microorganism–virus interactions, which shape the evolution and functioning of Earth’s ecosystems, is based primarily on cultivated organisms. Here we investigate thousands of viral and microbial genomes recovered using a cultivation independent approach to study the frequency, variety and taxonomic distribution of viral defence mechanisms. CRISPR-Cas systems that confer microorganisms with immunity to viruses are present in only 10% of 1,724 sampled microorganisms, compared with previous reports of 40% occurrence in bacteria and 81% in archaea. We attribute this large difference to the lack of CRISPR-Cas systems across major bacterial lineages that have no cultivated representatives. We correlate absence of CRISPR-Cas with lack of nucleotide biosynthesis capacity and a symbiotic lifestyle. Restriction systems are well represented in these lineages and might provide both non-specific viral defence and access to nucleotides.
- Authors:
-
[3];
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Plant and Microbial Biology
- Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science and Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy and Management
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1469126
- Alternate Identifier(s):
- OSTI ID: 1253373
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; SC0004918
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 7; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; biological sciences; genetics; microbiology; virology
Citation Formats
Burstein, David, Sun, Christine L., Brown, Christopher T., Sharon, Itai, Anantharaman, Karthik, Probst, Alexander J., Thomas, Brian C., and Banfield, Jillian F. Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1038/ncomms10613.
Burstein, David, Sun, Christine L., Brown, Christopher T., Sharon, Itai, Anantharaman, Karthik, Probst, Alexander J., Thomas, Brian C., & Banfield, Jillian F. Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10613
Burstein, David, Sun, Christine L., Brown, Christopher T., Sharon, Itai, Anantharaman, Karthik, Probst, Alexander J., Thomas, Brian C., and Banfield, Jillian F. Wed .
"Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10613. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1469126.
@article{osti_1469126,
title = {Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems},
author = {Burstein, David and Sun, Christine L. and Brown, Christopher T. and Sharon, Itai and Anantharaman, Karthik and Probst, Alexander J. and Thomas, Brian C. and Banfield, Jillian F.},
abstractNote = {Here, current understanding of microorganism–virus interactions, which shape the evolution and functioning of Earth’s ecosystems, is based primarily on cultivated organisms. Here we investigate thousands of viral and microbial genomes recovered using a cultivation independent approach to study the frequency, variety and taxonomic distribution of viral defence mechanisms. CRISPR-Cas systems that confer microorganisms with immunity to viruses are present in only 10% of 1,724 sampled microorganisms, compared with previous reports of 40% occurrence in bacteria and 81% in archaea. We attribute this large difference to the lack of CRISPR-Cas systems across major bacterial lineages that have no cultivated representatives. We correlate absence of CRISPR-Cas with lack of nucleotide biosynthesis capacity and a symbiotic lifestyle. Restriction systems are well represented in these lineages and might provide both non-specific viral defence and access to nucleotides.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms10613},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = ,
volume = 7,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 03 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Wed Feb 03 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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