In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System
Abstract
In situ and ex situ catalytic pyrolysis were compared in a system with two 2-in. bubbling fluidized bed reactors. Pine was pyrolyzed in the system with a catalyst, HZSM-5 with a silica-to-alumina ratio of 30, placed either in the first (pyrolysis) reactor or the second (upgrading) reactor. Both the pyrolysis and upgrading temperatures were 500 degrees C, and the weight hourly space velocity was 1.1 h-1. Five catalytic cycles were completed in each experiment. The catalytic cycles were continued until oxygenates in the vapors became dominant. The catalyst was then oxidized, after which a new catalytic cycle was begun. The in situ configuration gave slightly higher oil yield but also higher oxygen content than the ex situ configuration, which indicates that the catalyst deactivated faster in the in situ configuration than the ex situ configuration. Analysis of the spent catalysts confirmed higher accumulation of metals in the in situ experiment. In all experiments, the organic oil mass yields varied between 14 and 17% and the carbon efficiencies between 20 and 25%. The organic oxygen concentrations in the oils were 16-18%, which represented a 45% reduction compared to corresponding noncatalytic pyrolysis oils prepared in the same fluidized bed reactor system. GC/MSmore »
- Authors:
-
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Billingham, Cleveland (United Kingdom)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1247120
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5100-64977
Journal ID: ISSN 0887-0624
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Energy and Fuels
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 30; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 0887-0624
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANAYLYTICAL CHEMISTRY; catalytic pyrolysis; vapor phase upgrading; HZSM-5; pine
Citation Formats
Iisa, Kristiina, French, Richard J., Orton, Kellene A., Yung, Matthew M., Johnson, David K., ten Dam, Jeroen, Watson, Michael J., and Nimlos, Mark R. In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System. United States: N. p., 2016.
Web. doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02165.
Iisa, Kristiina, French, Richard J., Orton, Kellene A., Yung, Matthew M., Johnson, David K., ten Dam, Jeroen, Watson, Michael J., & Nimlos, Mark R. In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02165
Iisa, Kristiina, French, Richard J., Orton, Kellene A., Yung, Matthew M., Johnson, David K., ten Dam, Jeroen, Watson, Michael J., and Nimlos, Mark R. Wed .
"In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02165. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1247120.
@article{osti_1247120,
title = {In Situ and ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine in a Bench-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor System},
author = {Iisa, Kristiina and French, Richard J. and Orton, Kellene A. and Yung, Matthew M. and Johnson, David K. and ten Dam, Jeroen and Watson, Michael J. and Nimlos, Mark R.},
abstractNote = {In situ and ex situ catalytic pyrolysis were compared in a system with two 2-in. bubbling fluidized bed reactors. Pine was pyrolyzed in the system with a catalyst, HZSM-5 with a silica-to-alumina ratio of 30, placed either in the first (pyrolysis) reactor or the second (upgrading) reactor. Both the pyrolysis and upgrading temperatures were 500 degrees C, and the weight hourly space velocity was 1.1 h-1. Five catalytic cycles were completed in each experiment. The catalytic cycles were continued until oxygenates in the vapors became dominant. The catalyst was then oxidized, after which a new catalytic cycle was begun. The in situ configuration gave slightly higher oil yield but also higher oxygen content than the ex situ configuration, which indicates that the catalyst deactivated faster in the in situ configuration than the ex situ configuration. Analysis of the spent catalysts confirmed higher accumulation of metals in the in situ experiment. In all experiments, the organic oil mass yields varied between 14 and 17% and the carbon efficiencies between 20 and 25%. The organic oxygen concentrations in the oils were 16-18%, which represented a 45% reduction compared to corresponding noncatalytic pyrolysis oils prepared in the same fluidized bed reactor system. GC/MS analysis showed the oils to contain one- to four-ring aromatic hydrocarbons and a variety of oxygenates (phenols, furans, benzofurans, methoxyphenols, naphthalenols, indenols). Lastly, high fractions of oxygen were rejected as water, CO, and CO2, which indicates the importance of dehydration, decarbonylation, and decarboxylation reactions. Light gases were the major sources of carbon losses, followed by char and coke.},
doi = {10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02165},
journal = {Energy and Fuels},
number = 3,
volume = 30,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Feb 03 00:00:00 EST 2016},
month = {Wed Feb 03 00:00:00 EST 2016}
}
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