TEM in situ lithiation of tin nanoneedles for battery applications
Abstract
Materials such as tin (Sn) and silicon that alloy with lithium (Li) have attracted renewed interest as anode materials in Li-ion batteries. Although their superior capacity to graphite and other intercalation materials has been known for decades, their mechanical instability due to extreme volume changes during cycling has traditionally limited their commercial viability. This limitation is changing as processes emerge that produce nanostructured electrodes. The nanostructures can accommodate the repeated expansion and contraction as Li is inserted and removed without failing mechanically. Recently, one such nano-manufacturing process, which is capable of depositing coatings of Sn “nanoneedles” at low temperature with no template and at industrial scales, has been described. The present work is concerned with observations of the lithiation and delithiation behavior of these Sn nanoneedles during in situ experiments in the transmission electron microscope, along with a brief review of how in situ TEM experiments have been used to study the lithiation of Li-alloying materials. Individual needles are successfully lithiated and delithiated in solid-state half-cells against a Li-metal counter-electrode. Furthermore the microstructural evolution of the needles is discussed, including the transformation of one needle from single-crystal Sn to polycrystalline Sn–Li and back to single-crystal Sn.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1236483
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2015-7618J
Journal ID: ISSN 0022-2461; PII: 9318
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC04-94AL85000; SC0001160
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Materials Science
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 51; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 0022-2461
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY; 25 ENERGY STORAGE; batteries; in-situ TEM; nanoneedles; tin; lithiation
Citation Formats
Janish, Matthew T., Mackay, David T., Liu, Yang, Jungjohann, Katherine L., Carter, C. Barry, and Norton, M. Grant. TEM in situ lithiation of tin nanoneedles for battery applications. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1007/s10853-015-9318-0.
Janish, Matthew T., Mackay, David T., Liu, Yang, Jungjohann, Katherine L., Carter, C. Barry, & Norton, M. Grant. TEM in situ lithiation of tin nanoneedles for battery applications. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9318-0
Janish, Matthew T., Mackay, David T., Liu, Yang, Jungjohann, Katherine L., Carter, C. Barry, and Norton, M. Grant. Wed .
"TEM in situ lithiation of tin nanoneedles for battery applications". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9318-0. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1236483.
@article{osti_1236483,
title = {TEM in situ lithiation of tin nanoneedles for battery applications},
author = {Janish, Matthew T. and Mackay, David T. and Liu, Yang and Jungjohann, Katherine L. and Carter, C. Barry and Norton, M. Grant},
abstractNote = {Materials such as tin (Sn) and silicon that alloy with lithium (Li) have attracted renewed interest as anode materials in Li-ion batteries. Although their superior capacity to graphite and other intercalation materials has been known for decades, their mechanical instability due to extreme volume changes during cycling has traditionally limited their commercial viability. This limitation is changing as processes emerge that produce nanostructured electrodes. The nanostructures can accommodate the repeated expansion and contraction as Li is inserted and removed without failing mechanically. Recently, one such nano-manufacturing process, which is capable of depositing coatings of Sn “nanoneedles” at low temperature with no template and at industrial scales, has been described. The present work is concerned with observations of the lithiation and delithiation behavior of these Sn nanoneedles during in situ experiments in the transmission electron microscope, along with a brief review of how in situ TEM experiments have been used to study the lithiation of Li-alloying materials. Individual needles are successfully lithiated and delithiated in solid-state half-cells against a Li-metal counter-electrode. Furthermore the microstructural evolution of the needles is discussed, including the transformation of one needle from single-crystal Sn to polycrystalline Sn–Li and back to single-crystal Sn.},
doi = {10.1007/s10853-015-9318-0},
journal = {Journal of Materials Science},
number = 1,
volume = 51,
place = {United States},
year = {Wed Aug 12 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Wed Aug 12 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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