Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

Singh, Akashay; Moody, Galan; Schaibley, John R.; Yan, Jiaqiang; Mandrus, David G.; Xu, Xiaodong; Li, Xiaoqun; Tran, Kha; Scott, Marie E.; Overbeck, Vincent; Berghauser, Gunnar; Seifert, Edward J.; Pleskot, Dennis; Gabor, Nathaniel M.; Richter, Marten; Malic, Ermin

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.041401

Title: Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

Abstract

Here, we report charged exciton (trion) formation dynamics in doped monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, specifically molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂), using resonant two-color pump-probe spectroscopy. When resonantly pumping the exciton transition, trions are generated on a picosecond time scale through exciton-electron interaction. As the pump energy is tuned from the high energy to low energy side of the inhomogeneously broadened exciton resonance, the trion formation time increases by ~50%. This feature can be explained by the existence of both localized and delocalized excitons in a disordered potential and suggests the existence of an exciton mobility edge in transition metal dichalcogenides.

Authors:

Singh, Akashay ^[1]; Moody, Galan ^[1]; Schaibley, John R. ^[2]; Yan, Jiaqiang ^[3]; Mandrus, David G. ^[3]; Xu, Xiaodong ^[2]; Li, Xiaoqun ^[1]; Tran, Kha ^[1]; Scott, Marie E. ^[2]; Overbeck, Vincent ^[4]; Berghauser, Gunnar ^[4]; Seifert, Edward J. ^[1]; Pleskot, Dennis ^[5]; Gabor, Nathaniel M. ^[5]; Richter, Marten ^[4]; Malic, Ermin ^[6]

Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Technische Univ. Berlin, Berlin (Germany)
Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Gothenburg (Sweden)

Publication Date:: Tue Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2016

Research Org.:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1261338

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1234138

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0012670; SC0008145

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 93; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Citation Formats


                    Singh, Akashay, Moody, Galan, Schaibley, John R., Yan, Jiaqiang, Mandrus, David G., Xu, Xiaodong, Li, Xiaoqun, Tran, Kha, Scott, Marie E., Overbeck, Vincent, Berghauser, Gunnar, Seifert, Edward J., Pleskot, Dennis, Gabor, Nathaniel M., Richter, Marten, and Malic, Ermin. Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides.  United States: N. p., 2016. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.041401.

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                    Singh, Akashay, Moody, Galan, Schaibley, John R., Yan, Jiaqiang, Mandrus, David G., Xu, Xiaodong, Li, Xiaoqun, Tran, Kha, Scott, Marie E., Overbeck, Vincent, Berghauser, Gunnar, Seifert, Edward J., Pleskot, Dennis, Gabor, Nathaniel M., Richter, Marten, & Malic, Ermin. Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.041401

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                    Singh, Akashay, Moody, Galan, Schaibley, John R., Yan, Jiaqiang, Mandrus, David G., Xu, Xiaodong, Li, Xiaoqun, Tran, Kha, Scott, Marie E., Overbeck, Vincent, Berghauser, Gunnar, Seifert, Edward J., Pleskot, Dennis, Gabor, Nathaniel M., Richter, Marten, and Malic, Ermin. Tue .  
"Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.041401.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1261338.

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@article{osti_1261338,

  title        = {Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides},

  author       = {Singh, Akashay and Moody, Galan and Schaibley, John R. and Yan, Jiaqiang and Mandrus, David G. and Xu, Xiaodong and Li, Xiaoqun and Tran, Kha and Scott, Marie E. and Overbeck, Vincent and Berghauser, Gunnar and Seifert, Edward J. and Pleskot, Dennis and Gabor, Nathaniel M. and Richter, Marten and Malic, Ermin},

  abstractNote = {Here, we report charged exciton (trion) formation dynamics in doped monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, specifically molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2), using resonant two-color pump-probe spectroscopy. When resonantly pumping the exciton transition, trions are generated on a picosecond time scale through exciton-electron interaction. As the pump energy is tuned from the high energy to low energy side of the inhomogeneously broadened exciton resonance, the trion formation time increases by ~50%. This feature can be explained by the existence of both localized and delocalized excitons in a disordered potential and suggests the existence of an exciton mobility edge in transition metal dichalcogenides.},

  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.93.041401},

  journal      = {Physical Review B},

  number       = 4,

  volume       = 93,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Tue Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2016},

  month        = {Tue Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2016}

}

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DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.033427

Enhancing functionalities of atomically thin semiconductors with plasmonic nanostructures
journal, March 2019

Cotrufo, Michele; Sun, Liuyang; Choi, Junho
Nanophotonics, Vol. 8, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2018-0185

Valley Trion Dynamics in Monolayer MoSe2
conference, January 2016

Titze, Michael; Gao, Feng; Almeida, Raybel
Frontiers in Optics 2016
DOI: 10.1364/fio.2016.jw4a.192

Polarimetry of photon echo on charged and neutral excitons in semiconductor quantum wells
text, January 2019

Poltavtsev, Sergey V.; Akimov, Ilya A.; Yakovlev, Dmitri R.
Technische Universität Dortmund
DOI: 10.17877/de290r-20152

Exciton Radiative Lifetime in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
text, January 2016

Robert, C.; Lagarde, D.; Cadiz, F.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1603.00277

Theoretical investigation of electron-hole complexes in anisotropic two-dimensional materials
text, January 2016

Chaves, Andrey; Mayers, M. Z.; Peeters, F. M.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1603.01588

Enhanced interlayer neutral excitons and trions in trilayer van der Waals heterostructures
text, January 2017

Choi, Chanyeol; Huang, Jiahui; Cheng, Hung-Chieh
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1706.05857

Impact of environment on dynamics of exciton complexes in a WS$_2$ monolayer
preprint, January 2017

Jakubczyk, T.; Nogajewski, K.; Molas, M. R.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1709.02658

Radiative lifetime of localized excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides
text, January 2018

Ayari, Sabrine; Smiri, Adlen; Hichri, Aida
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1803.05140

Charged exctions in two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides - semiclassical calculation of Berry-curvature effects
text, January 2018

Hichri, A.; Jaziri, S.; Goerbig, M. O.
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1807.10838

Inter-layer charge transport controlled by exciton-trion coherent coupling
text, January 2019

Kallatt, Sangeeth; Das, Sarthak; Chatterjee, Suman
arXiv
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1903.06437

Colloquium : Excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
text, January 2018

Wang, Gang; Chernikov, Alexey; Glazov, Mikhail M.
Universität Regensburg
DOI: 10.5283/epub.40518

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Title: Trion formation dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

Abstract

Citation Formats

Mobile and Immobile Effective-Mass-Particle Complexes in Nonmetallic Solids journal, December 1958

Observation of negatively charged excitons X − in semiconductor quantum wells journal, September 1993

Optical Spectroscopy of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas near the Metal-Insulator Transition journal, February 1995

Atomically Thin MoS2 A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor journal, September 2010

Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS2 journal, April 2010

Monolayer semiconductor nanocavity lasers with ultralow thresholds journal, March 2015

Van der Waals heterostructures journal, July 2013

Photocurrent generation with two-dimensional van der Waals semiconductors journal, January 2015

Low-temperature photocarrier dynamics in monolayer MoS 2 journal, September 2011

Electrical control of neutral and charged excitons in a monolayer semiconductor journal, February 2013

Tightly bound trions in monolayer MoS2 journal, December 2012

Trion-Induced Negative Photoconductivity in Monolayer MoS 2 journal, October 2014

Photoluminescence of freestanding single- and few-layer MoS 2 journal, March 2014

Tightly Bound Excitons in Monolayer WSe 2 journal, July 2014

Exciton Binding Energy and Nonhydrogenic Rydberg Series in Monolayer WS 2 journal, August 2014

Exciton Binding Energy of Monolayer WS2 journal, March 2015

Observation of two distinct negative trions in tungsten disulfide monolayers journal, September 2015

Large excitonic effects in monolayers of molybdenum and tungsten dichalcogenides journal, September 2012

Absorption of light by excitons and trions in monolayers of metal dichalcogenide Mo S 2 : Experiments and theory journal, May 2014

Observation of Charge Transport by Negatively Charged Excitons journal, September 2001

Tunable Photoluminescence of Monolayer MoS 2 via Chemical Doping journal, November 2013

Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer WSe 2 journal, August 2014

Spin coherence and formation dynamics of charged excitons in C d T e / C d 1 − x − y Mg x Zn y Te quantum wells journal, July 2000

Optical generation of excitonic valley coherence in monolayer WSe2 journal, August 2013

Ultrafast formation and decay dynamics of trions in p -doped single-walled carbon nanotubes journal, April 2013

Trion formation and recombination dynamics in hole-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes journal, July 2013

Dynamics of Trion Formation in In x Ga 1 − x As Quantum Wells journal, March 2009

Population Pulsation Resonances of Excitons in Monolayer MoSe 2 with Sub- 1 μ eV Linewidths journal, April 2015

Intrinsic homogeneous linewidth and broadening mechanisms of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides journal, September 2015

Coherent Electronic Coupling in Atomically Thin MoSe 2 journal, May 2014

Exciton Dynamics in Suspended Monolayer and Few-Layer MoS 2 2D Crystals journal, January 2013

Valley Carrier Dynamics in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide from Helicity-Resolved Ultrafast Pump–Probe Spectroscopy journal, November 2013

Formation and Recombination Dynamics of Charged Excitons in a GaAs Quantum Well journal, October 2001

Formation Time of Negatively Charged Excitons in CdTe-Based Quantum Wells journal, January 2002

Charged exciton dynamics in GaAs quantum wells journal, November 1998

Spin and valley dynamics of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers: Spin and valley dynamics of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers journal, October 2015

Observation of Charged Excitons in Hole-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Using Photoluminescence and Absorption Spectroscopy journal, January 2011

The Optical Resonances in Carbon Nanotubes Arise from Excitons journal, May 2005

Exciton binding energy in quantum wells journal, August 1982

Optically active quantum dots in monolayer WSe2 journal, May 2015

Single quantum emitters in monolayer semiconductors journal, May 2015

Single photon emitters in exfoliated WSe2 structures journal, May 2015

Exciton oscillator strength in quantum wells: From localized to free resonant states journal, September 1994

Coherent and Incoherent Exciton Dynamics in II–VI Semiconductors journal, September 1992

Temperature dependence of the effective mobility edge and recombination dynamics of free and localized excitons in InGaP/GaAs quantum wells journal, April 2003

Multi-dimensional coherent optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures: Collinear and non-collinear approaches journal, March 2015

Coherent coupling between distant excitons revealed by two-dimensional nonlinear hyperspectral imaging journal, December 2010

Low-temperature photocarrier dynamics in monolayer MoS2 text, January 2011

Optical Generation of Excitonic Valley Coherence in Monolayer WSe2 text, January 2013

Valley Carrier Dynamics in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulphide from Helicity Resolved Ultrafast Pump-probe Spectroscopy text, January 2013

Exciton Binding Energy of Monolayer WS2 text, January 2014

Single Quantum Emitters in Monolayer Semiconductors preprint, January 2014

Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene journal, December 2016

Light Emission Properties of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Fundamentals and Applications journal, August 2018

Multidimensional Coherent Spectroscopy of Semiconductors journal, November 2018

Dynamics of Free and Localized Excitons in Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides journal, February 2019

Trion fine structure and coupled spin–valley dynamics in monolayer tungsten disulfide journal, September 2016

Neutral and charged inter-valley biexcitons in monolayer MoSe2 journal, June 2017

Diversity of trion states and substrate effects in the optical properties of an MoS2 monolayer journal, December 2017

Resonant optical Stark effect in monolayer WS2 journal, December 2019

Separation of valley excitons in a MoS2 monolayer using a subwavelength asymmetric groove array journal, February 2019

Biexciton fine structure in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides journal, October 2018

Nonlinear dynamics of trions under strong optical excitation in monolayer MoSe2 journal, February 2018

Polarimetry of photon echo on charged and neutral excitons in semiconductor quantum wells journal, April 2019

Enhanced interlayer neutral excitons and trions in trilayer van der Waals heterostructures journal, September 2018

Interlayer charge transport controlled by exciton–trion coherent coupling journal, April 2019

Enhanced exciton emission behavior and tunable band gap of ternary W(S x Se 1−x ) 2 monolayer: temperature dependent optical evidence and first-principles calculations journal, January 2018

Aluminium and zinc co-doped CuInS 2 QDs for enhanced trion modulation in monolayer WS 2 toward improved electrical properties journal, January 2019

Exploration of exciton behavior in atomically thin WS 2 layers by ionic gating journal, July 2018

Impact of photodoping on inter- and intralayer exciton emission in a MoS 2 /MoSe 2 /MoS 2 heterostructure journal, August 2018

Achieving giant spin-orbit splitting in conduction band of monolayer WS 2 via n - p co-doping journal, July 2019

Effects of composition and temperature on the exciton emission behaviors of Mo(S x Se 1− x ) 2 monolayer: experiment and theory journal, January 2020

Valley polarized relaxation and upconversion luminescence from Tamm-plasmon trion–polaritons with a MoSe 2 monolayer journal, May 2017

Trion valley coherence in monolayer semiconductors journal, May 2017

Impact of environment on dynamics of exciton complexes in a WS 2 monolayer journal, April 2018

Charged excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides: Semiclassical calculation of Berry curvature effects journal, September 2019

Triple sum frequency pump-probe spectroscopy of transition metal dichalcogenides journal, December 2019

Mobile and Immobile Effective-Mass-Particle Complexes in Nonmetallic Solids
journal, December 1958

Observation of negatively charged excitons $X^{-}$ in semiconductor quantum wells
journal, September 1993

Optical Spectroscopy of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas near the Metal-Insulator Transition
journal, February 1995

Atomically Thin ${MoS}_{2}$ A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor
journal, September 2010

Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS₂
journal, April 2010

Monolayer semiconductor nanocavity lasers with ultralow thresholds
journal, March 2015

Van der Waals heterostructures
journal, July 2013

Photocurrent generation with two-dimensional van der Waals semiconductors
journal, January 2015

Low-temperature photocarrier dynamics in monolayer MoS ₂
journal, September 2011

Electrical control of neutral and charged excitons in a monolayer semiconductor
journal, February 2013

Tightly bound trions in monolayer MoS2
journal, December 2012

Trion-Induced Negative Photoconductivity in Monolayer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, October 2014

Photoluminescence of freestanding single- and few-layer ${MoS}_{2}$
journal, March 2014

Tightly Bound Excitons in Monolayer ${WSe}_{2}$
journal, July 2014

Exciton Binding Energy and Nonhydrogenic Rydberg Series in Monolayer ${WS}_{2}$
journal, August 2014

Exciton Binding Energy of Monolayer WS2
journal, March 2015

Observation of two distinct negative trions in tungsten disulfide monolayers
journal, September 2015

Large excitonic effects in monolayers of molybdenum and tungsten dichalcogenides
journal, September 2012

Absorption of light by excitons and trions in monolayers of metal dichalcogenide $Mo S_{2}$ : Experiments and theory
journal, May 2014

Observation of Charge Transport by Negatively Charged Excitons
journal, September 2001

Tunable Photoluminescence of Monolayer MoS ₂ via Chemical Doping
journal, November 2013

Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer ${WSe}_{2}$
journal, August 2014

Spin coherence and formation dynamics of charged excitons in ${C d T e / C d}_{1 - x - y} {Mg}_{x} {Zn}_{y} Te$ quantum wells
journal, July 2000

Optical generation of excitonic valley coherence in monolayer WSe2
journal, August 2013

Ultrafast formation and decay dynamics of trions in $p$ -doped single-walled carbon nanotubes
journal, April 2013

Trion formation and recombination dynamics in hole-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes
journal, July 2013

Dynamics of Trion Formation in ${In}_{x} {Ga}_{1 - x} As$ Quantum Wells
journal, March 2009

Population Pulsation Resonances of Excitons in Monolayer ${MoSe}_{2}$ with Sub- $1 μ eV$ Linewidths
journal, April 2015

Intrinsic homogeneous linewidth and broadening mechanisms of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, September 2015

Coherent Electronic Coupling in Atomically Thin ${MoSe}_{2}$
journal, May 2014

Exciton Dynamics in Suspended Monolayer and Few-Layer MoS ₂ 2D Crystals
journal, January 2013

Valley Carrier Dynamics in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulfide from Helicity-Resolved Ultrafast Pump–Probe Spectroscopy
journal, November 2013

Formation and Recombination Dynamics of Charged Excitons in a GaAs Quantum Well
journal, October 2001

Formation Time of Negatively Charged Excitons in CdTe-Based Quantum Wells
journal, January 2002

Charged exciton dynamics in GaAs quantum wells
journal, November 1998

Spin and valley dynamics of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers: Spin and valley dynamics of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
journal, October 2015

Observation of Charged Excitons in Hole-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Using Photoluminescence and Absorption Spectroscopy
journal, January 2011

The Optical Resonances in Carbon Nanotubes Arise from Excitons
journal, May 2005

Exciton binding energy in quantum wells
journal, August 1982

Optically active quantum dots in monolayer WSe2
journal, May 2015

Single quantum emitters in monolayer semiconductors
journal, May 2015

Single photon emitters in exfoliated WSe2 structures
journal, May 2015

Exciton oscillator strength in quantum wells: From localized to free resonant states
journal, September 1994

Coherent and Incoherent Exciton Dynamics in II–VI Semiconductors
journal, September 1992

Temperature dependence of the effective mobility edge and recombination dynamics of free and localized excitons in InGaP/GaAs quantum wells
journal, April 2003

Multi-dimensional coherent optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures: Collinear and non-collinear approaches
journal, March 2015

Coherent coupling between distant excitons revealed by two-dimensional nonlinear hyperspectral imaging
journal, December 2010

Low-temperature photocarrier dynamics in monolayer MoS2
text, January 2011

Optical Generation of Excitonic Valley Coherence in Monolayer WSe2
text, January 2013

Valley Carrier Dynamics in Monolayer Molybdenum Disulphide from Helicity Resolved Ultrafast Pump-probe Spectroscopy
text, January 2013

Exciton Binding Energy of Monolayer WS2
text, January 2014

Single Quantum Emitters in Monolayer Semiconductors
preprint, January 2014

Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy of Two-Dimensional Materials Beyond Graphene
journal, December 2016

Light Emission Properties of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Fundamentals and Applications
journal, August 2018

Multidimensional Coherent Spectroscopy of Semiconductors
journal, November 2018

Dynamics of Free and Localized Excitons in Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
journal, February 2019

Trion fine structure and coupled spin–valley dynamics in monolayer tungsten disulfide
journal, September 2016

Neutral and charged inter-valley biexcitons in monolayer MoSe2
journal, June 2017

Diversity of trion states and substrate effects in the optical properties of an MoS2 monolayer
journal, December 2017

Resonant optical Stark effect in monolayer WS2
journal, December 2019

Separation of valley excitons in a MoS2 monolayer using a subwavelength asymmetric groove array
journal, February 2019

Biexciton fine structure in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, October 2018

Nonlinear dynamics of trions under strong optical excitation in monolayer MoSe2
journal, February 2018

Polarimetry of photon echo on charged and neutral excitons in semiconductor quantum wells
journal, April 2019

Enhanced interlayer neutral excitons and trions in trilayer van der Waals heterostructures
journal, September 2018

Interlayer charge transport controlled by exciton–trion coherent coupling
journal, April 2019

Enhanced exciton emission behavior and tunable band gap of ternary W(S _x Se _1−x ) ₂ monolayer: temperature dependent optical evidence and first-principles calculations
journal, January 2018

Aluminium and zinc co-doped CuInS ₂ QDs for enhanced trion modulation in monolayer WS ₂ toward improved electrical properties
journal, January 2019

Exploration of exciton behavior in atomically thin WS ₂ layers by ionic gating
journal, July 2018

Impact of photodoping on inter- and intralayer exciton emission in a MoS ₂ /MoSe ₂ /MoS ₂ heterostructure
journal, August 2018

Achieving giant spin-orbit splitting in conduction band of monolayer WS ₂ via n - p co-doping
journal, July 2019

Effects of composition and temperature on the exciton emission behaviors of Mo(S _x Se _{1− x} ) ₂ monolayer: experiment and theory
journal, January 2020

Valley polarized relaxation and upconversion luminescence from Tamm-plasmon trion–polaritons with a MoSe ₂ monolayer
journal, May 2017

Trion valley coherence in monolayer semiconductors
journal, May 2017

Impact of environment on dynamics of exciton complexes in a WS ₂ monolayer
journal, April 2018

Charged excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides: Semiclassical calculation of Berry curvature effects
journal, September 2019

Triple sum frequency pump-probe spectroscopy of transition metal dichalcogenides
journal, December 2019

Tensor network strategies for calculating biexcitons and trions in monolayer two-dimensional materials beyond the ground state
journal, February 2020

Theoretical investigation of electron-hole complexes in anisotropic two-dimensional materials
journal, March 2016

Valley trion dynamics in monolayer ${MoSe}_{2}$
journal, December 2016