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Title: The Differential Algebra Based Multiple Level Fast Multipole Algorithm for 3D Space Charge Field Calculation and Photoemission Simulation

Abstract

Coulomb interaction between charged particles inside a bunch is one of the most importance collective effects in beam dynamics, becoming even more significant as the energy of the particle beam is lowered to accommodate analytical and low-Z material imaging purposes such as in the time resolved Ultrafast Electron Microscope (UEM) development currently underway at Michigan State University. In addition, space charge effects are the key limiting factor in the development of ultrafast atomic resolution electron imaging and diffraction technologies and are also correlated with an irreversible growth in rms beam emittance due to fluctuating components of the nonlinear electron dynamics. In the short pulse regime used in the UEM, space charge effects also lead to virtual cathode formation in which the negative charge of the electrons emitted at earlier times, combined with the attractive surface field, hinders further emission of particles and causes a degradation of the pulse properties. Space charge and virtual cathode effects and their remediation are core issues for the development of the next generation of high-brightness UEMs. Since the analytical models are only applicable for special cases, numerical simulations, in addition to experiments, are usually necessary to accurately understand the space charge effect. In this papermore » we will introduce a grid-free differential algebra based multiple level fast multipole algorithm, which calculates the 3D space charge field for n charged particles in arbitrary distribution with an efficiency of O(n), and the implementation of the algorithm to a simulation code for space charge dominated photoemission processes.« less

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2]
  1. Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
  2. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Science Foundation (NSF)
OSTI Identifier:
1233556
Report Number(s):
JLAB-ACP-15-2165; DOE/OR/23177-3630
Journal ID: ISSN 1431-9276; PII: S1431927615013410
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-06OR23177; FG02-08ER41546; NSF-DMR 1126343
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Microscopy and Microanalysis
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 21; Journal Issue: S4; Journal ID: ISSN 1431-9276
Publisher:
Microscopy Society of America (MSA)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS

Citation Formats

Zhang, He, Portman, Jenni, Tao, Zhensheng, Duxbury, Phillip, Ruan, Chong-Yu, Makino, Kyoko, and Berz, Martin. The Differential Algebra Based Multiple Level Fast Multipole Algorithm for 3D Space Charge Field Calculation and Photoemission Simulation. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1017/s1431927615013410.
Zhang, He, Portman, Jenni, Tao, Zhensheng, Duxbury, Phillip, Ruan, Chong-Yu, Makino, Kyoko, & Berz, Martin. The Differential Algebra Based Multiple Level Fast Multipole Algorithm for 3D Space Charge Field Calculation and Photoemission Simulation. United States. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615013410
Zhang, He, Portman, Jenni, Tao, Zhensheng, Duxbury, Phillip, Ruan, Chong-Yu, Makino, Kyoko, and Berz, Martin. Mon . "The Differential Algebra Based Multiple Level Fast Multipole Algorithm for 3D Space Charge Field Calculation and Photoemission Simulation". United States. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615013410. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1233556.
@article{osti_1233556,
title = {The Differential Algebra Based Multiple Level Fast Multipole Algorithm for 3D Space Charge Field Calculation and Photoemission Simulation},
author = {Zhang, He and Portman, Jenni and Tao, Zhensheng and Duxbury, Phillip and Ruan, Chong-Yu and Makino, Kyoko and Berz, Martin},
abstractNote = {Coulomb interaction between charged particles inside a bunch is one of the most importance collective effects in beam dynamics, becoming even more significant as the energy of the particle beam is lowered to accommodate analytical and low-Z material imaging purposes such as in the time resolved Ultrafast Electron Microscope (UEM) development currently underway at Michigan State University. In addition, space charge effects are the key limiting factor in the development of ultrafast atomic resolution electron imaging and diffraction technologies and are also correlated with an irreversible growth in rms beam emittance due to fluctuating components of the nonlinear electron dynamics. In the short pulse regime used in the UEM, space charge effects also lead to virtual cathode formation in which the negative charge of the electrons emitted at earlier times, combined with the attractive surface field, hinders further emission of particles and causes a degradation of the pulse properties. Space charge and virtual cathode effects and their remediation are core issues for the development of the next generation of high-brightness UEMs. Since the analytical models are only applicable for special cases, numerical simulations, in addition to experiments, are usually necessary to accurately understand the space charge effect. In this paper we will introduce a grid-free differential algebra based multiple level fast multipole algorithm, which calculates the 3D space charge field for n charged particles in arbitrary distribution with an efficiency of O(n), and the implementation of the algorithm to a simulation code for space charge dominated photoemission processes.},
doi = {10.1017/s1431927615013410},
journal = {Microscopy and Microanalysis},
number = S4,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Mon Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}