A Highly Reversible Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Anode

Seh, Zhi Wei; Sun, Jie; Sun, Yongming; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1021/acscentsci.5b00328

Title: A Highly Reversible Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Anode

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

Owing to its low cost and high natural abundance, sodium metal is among the most promising anode materials for energy storage technologies beyond lithium ion batteries. However, room-temperature sodium metal anodes suffer from poor reversibility during long-term plating and stripping, mainly due to formation of nonuniform solid electrolyte interphase as well as dendritic growth of sodium metal. Herein we report for the first time that a simple liquid electrolyte, sodium hexafluorophosphate in glymes (mono-, di-, and tetraglyme), can enable highly reversible and nondendritic plating–stripping of sodium metal anodes at room temperature. High average Coulombic efficiencies of 99.9% were achieved over 300 plating–stripping cycles at 0.5 mA cm^–2. In this study, the long-term reversibility was found to arise from the formation of a uniform, inorganic solid electrolyte interphase made of sodium oxide and sodium fluoride, which is highly impermeable to electrolyte solvent and conducive to nondendritic growth. As a proof of concept, we also demonstrate a room-temperature sodium–sulfur battery using this class of electrolytes, paving the way for the development of next-generation, sodium-based energy storage technologies.

Authors:

Seh, Zhi Wei ^[1]; Sun, Jie ^[1]; Sun, Yongming ^[1]; Cui, Yi ^[2]

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States

Publication Date:: Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2015

Research Org.:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

OSTI Identifier:: 1224874

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1230059

Grant/Contract Number:: AC03-76SF00515

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: ACS Central Science

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: ACS Central Science Journal Volume: 1 Journal Issue: 8; Journal ID: ISSN 2374-7943

Publisher:: American Chemical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 25 ENERGY STORAGE

Citation Formats


                    Seh, Zhi Wei, Sun, Jie, Sun, Yongming, and Cui, Yi. A Highly Reversible Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Anode.  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/acscentsci.5b00328.

Copy to clipboard


                    Seh, Zhi Wei, Sun, Jie, Sun, Yongming, & Cui, Yi. A Highly Reversible Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Anode.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00328

Copy to clipboard


                    Seh, Zhi Wei, Sun, Jie, Sun, Yongming, and Cui, Yi. Mon .  
"A Highly Reversible Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Anode".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00328.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1224874,

  title        = {A Highly Reversible Room-Temperature Sodium Metal Anode},

  author       = {Seh, Zhi Wei and Sun, Jie and Sun, Yongming and Cui, Yi},

  abstractNote = {Owing to its low cost and high natural abundance, sodium metal is among the most promising anode materials for energy storage technologies beyond lithium ion batteries. However, room-temperature sodium metal anodes suffer from poor reversibility during long-term plating and stripping, mainly due to formation of nonuniform solid electrolyte interphase as well as dendritic growth of sodium metal. Herein we report for the first time that a simple liquid electrolyte, sodium hexafluorophosphate in glymes (mono-, di-, and tetraglyme), can enable highly reversible and nondendritic plating–stripping of sodium metal anodes at room temperature. High average Coulombic efficiencies of 99.9% were achieved over 300 plating–stripping cycles at 0.5 mA cm–2. In this study, the long-term reversibility was found to arise from the formation of a uniform, inorganic solid electrolyte interphase made of sodium oxide and sodium fluoride, which is highly impermeable to electrolyte solvent and conducive to nondendritic growth. As a proof of concept, we also demonstrate a room-temperature sodium–sulfur battery using this class of electrolytes, paving the way for the development of next-generation, sodium-based energy storage technologies.},

  doi          = {10.1021/acscentsci.5b00328},

  journal      = {ACS Central Science},

  number       = 8,

  volume       = 1,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2015},

  month        = {Mon Nov 02 00:00:00 EST 2015}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00328

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 565 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Excellent cycling stability of sodium anode enabled by a stable solid electrolyte interphase formed in ether-based electrolytes

Journal Article Le, Phung ML ; Vo, Thanh D. ; Pan, Huilin ; ... - Advanced Energy Materials

Sodium (Na)-ion batteries have been considered as one of the most promising power sources beyond Li-ion batteries. Although Na metal anode exhibits a high theoretical capacity of 1165 mAh g-1, its application on Na batteries is largely hindered by dendrite growth and low Coulombic efficiency. Herein, we demonstrate that an electrolyte consists of 1 M sodium tetrafluoroborate in Tetraglyme can enable excellent cycling efficiency (99.9 %) of Na metal anode for more than 1000 cycles. This high reversibility of Na anode can be attributed to a stable solid electrolyte interphase formed on Na surface as revealed by cryogenic transmission electronmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202001151
Excellent Cycling Stability of Sodium Anode Enabled by a Stable Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formed in Ether‐Based Electrolytes

Journal Article Le, Phung M. L. ; Vo, Thanh D. ; Pan, Huilin ; ... - Advanced Functional Materials

Abstract Sodium‐ion batteries have been considered one of the most promising power sources beyond Li‐ion batteries. Although the Na metal anode exhibits a high theoretical capacity of 1165 mAh g ⁻¹ , its application in Na batteries is largely hindered by dendrite growth and low coulombic efficiency. Herein, it is demonstrated that an electrolyte consisting of 1 m sodium tetrafluoroborate in tetraglyme can enable excellent cycling efficiency (99.9%) of a Na metal anode for more than 1000 cycles. This high reversibility of a Na anode can be attributed to a stable solid electrolyte interphase formed on the Na surface, asmore »« less
Cited by 47
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202001151
Quantification of Electrochemical Nanoscale Processes in Lithium Batteries By OperandoEC-(S)TEM

Conference Mehdi, Beata L. ; Qian, Jiangfeng ; Nasybulin, Eduard ; ...

Lithium (Li)-ion batteries are currently used for a wide variety of portable electronic devices, electric vehicles and renewable energy applications. In addition, extensive worldwide research efforts are now being devoted to more advanced “beyond Li-ion” battery chemistries - such as lithium-sulfur (Li-S) and lithium-air (Li-O2) - in which the carbon anode is replaced with Li metal. However, the practical application of Li metal anode systems has been highly problematic. The main challenges involve controlling the formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer and the suppression of Li dendrite growth during the charge/discharge process (achieving “dendrite-free” cycling). The SEI layer formationmore »« less
Fluorinated interphase enables reversible aqueous zinc battery chemistries

Journal Article Cao, Longsheng ; Li, Dan ; Pollard, Travis ; ... - Nature Nanotechnology

Metallic zinc is an ideal anode due to its high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g^-1), low redox potential (-0.762 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode), high abundance and low toxicity. When used in aqueous electrolyte, it also brings intrinsic safety, but suffers from severe irreversibility. This is best exemplified by low coulombic efficiency, dendrite growth and water consumption. This is thought to be due to severe hydrogen evolution during zinc plating and stripping, hitherto making the in-situ formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) impossible. Here, we report an aqueous zinc battery in which a dilute and acidic aqueous electrolyte withmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-021-00905-4

Full Text Available
Characterization of the structure and chemistry of the solid–electrolyte interface by cryo-EM leads to high-performance solid-state Li-metal batteries

Journal Article Lin, Ruoqian ; He, Yubin ; Wang, Chunyang ; ... - Nature Nanotechnology

Solid-state lithium-metal (Li⁰) batteries are gaining traction for electric vehicle applications because they replace flammable liquid electrolytes with a safer, solid-form electrolyte that also offers higher energy density and better resistance against Li dendrite formation. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are highly promising candidates because of their tunable mechanical properties and easy manufacturability; however, their electrochemical instability against lithium metal (Li⁰), mediocre conductivity, and poorly understood Li⁰/SPE interphases have prevented extensive application in real batteries. In particular, the origin of the low Coulombic efficiency (CE) associated with SPEs remains elusive, as the debate continues as to whether it originates from unfavoredmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01148-7

Full Text Available

Similar Records