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Title: POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields

Abstract

Here, we constrain anisotropic cosmic birefringence using four-point correlations of even-parity E-mode and odd-parity B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background measurements made by the POLARization of the Background Radiation (POLARBEAR) experiment in its first season of observations. We find that the anisotropic cosmic birefringence signal from any parity-violating processes is consistent with zero. The Faraday rotation from anisotropic cosmic birefringence can be compared with the equivalent quantity generated by primordial magnetic fields if they existed. The POLARBEAR nondetection translates into a 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper limit of 93 nanogauss (nG) on the amplitude of an equivalent primordial magnetic field inclusive of systematic uncertainties. This four-point correlation constraint on Faraday rotation is about 15 times tighter than the upper limit of 1380 nG inferred from constraining the contribution of Faraday rotation to two-point correlations of B-modes measured by Planck in 2015. Metric perturbations sourced by primordial magnetic fields would also contribute to the B-mode power spectrum. Using the POLARBEAR measurements of the B-mode power spectrum (two-point correlation), we set a 95% C.L. upper limit of 3.9 nG on primordial magnetic fields assuming a flat prior on the field amplitude. This limit is comparable to what was found in themore » Planck 2015 two-point correlation analysis with both temperature and polarization. Finally, we perform a set of systematic error tests and find no evidence for contamination. This work marks the first time that anisotropic cosmic birefringence or primordial magnetic fields have been constrained from the ground at subdegree scales.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Contributing Org.:
Polarbear Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1393000
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1228421
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC02-05CH11231; AST-0618398; AST-1212230; 21111002; 26220709; AST-1313319; AST-1501422
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review. D, Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 92; Journal Issue: 12; Journal ID: ISSN 1550-7998
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Citation Formats

Ade, Peter A. R., Arnold, Kam, Atlas, Matt, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Barron, Darcy, Boettger, David, Borrill, Julian, Chapman, Scott, Chinone, Yuji, Cukierman, Ari, Dobbs, Matt, Ducout, Anne, Dunner, Rolando, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Feng, Chang, Gilbert, Adam, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Groh, John, Hall, Grantland, Halverson, Nils W., Hasegawa, Masaya, Hattori, Kaori, Hazumi, Masashi, Hill, Charles, Holzapfel, William L., Hori, Yasuto, Howe, Logan, Inoue, Yuki, Jaehnig, Gregory C., Jaffe, Andrew H., Jeong, Oliver, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kaufman, Jonathan P., Keating, Brian, Kermish, Zigmund, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Leon, David, Li, Yun, Linder, Eric, Lowry, Lindsay, Matsuda, Frederick, Matsumura, Tomotake, Miller, Nathan, Montgomery, Josh, Myers, Michael J., Navaroli, Martin, Nishino, Haruki, Okamura, Takahiro, Paar, Hans, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Poletti, Davide, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Raum, Christopher, Rebeiz, Gabriel, Reichardt, Christian L., Richards, Paul L., Ross, Colin, Rotermund, Kaja M., Schenck, David E., Sherwin, Blake D., Shimon, Meir, Shirley, Ian, Siritanasak, Praween, Smecher, Graeme, Stebor, Nathan, Steinbach, Bryan, Suzuki, Aritoki, Suzuki, Jun-ichi, Tajima, Osamu, Takakura, Satoru, Tikhomirov, Alexei, Tomaru, Takayuki, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wilson, Brandon, Yadav, Amit, Zahn, Alex, and Zahn, Oliver. POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.92.123509.
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Ade, Peter A. R., Arnold, Kam, Atlas, Matt, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Barron, Darcy, Boettger, David, Borrill, Julian, Chapman, Scott, Chinone, Yuji, Cukierman, Ari, Dobbs, Matt, Ducout, Anne, Dunner, Rolando, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Feng, Chang, Gilbert, Adam, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Groh, John, Hall, Grantland, Halverson, Nils W., Hasegawa, Masaya, Hattori, Kaori, Hazumi, Masashi, Hill, Charles, Holzapfel, William L., Hori, Yasuto, Howe, Logan, Inoue, Yuki, Jaehnig, Gregory C., Jaffe, Andrew H., Jeong, Oliver, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kaufman, Jonathan P., Keating, Brian, Kermish, Zigmund, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Leon, David, Li, Yun, Linder, Eric, Lowry, Lindsay, Matsuda, Frederick, Matsumura, Tomotake, Miller, Nathan, Montgomery, Josh, Myers, Michael J., Navaroli, Martin, Nishino, Haruki, Okamura, Takahiro, Paar, Hans, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Poletti, Davide, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Raum, Christopher, Rebeiz, Gabriel, Reichardt, Christian L., Richards, Paul L., Ross, Colin, Rotermund, Kaja M., Schenck, David E., Sherwin, Blake D., Shimon, Meir, Shirley, Ian, Siritanasak, Praween, Smecher, Graeme, Stebor, Nathan, Steinbach, Bryan, Suzuki, Aritoki, Suzuki, Jun-ichi, Tajima, Osamu, Takakura, Satoru, Tikhomirov, Alexei, Tomaru, Takayuki, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wilson, Brandon, Yadav, Amit, Zahn, Alex, & Zahn, Oliver. POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.123509
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Ade, Peter A. R., Arnold, Kam, Atlas, Matt, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Barron, Darcy, Boettger, David, Borrill, Julian, Chapman, Scott, Chinone, Yuji, Cukierman, Ari, Dobbs, Matt, Ducout, Anne, Dunner, Rolando, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Feng, Chang, Gilbert, Adam, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Groh, John, Hall, Grantland, Halverson, Nils W., Hasegawa, Masaya, Hattori, Kaori, Hazumi, Masashi, Hill, Charles, Holzapfel, William L., Hori, Yasuto, Howe, Logan, Inoue, Yuki, Jaehnig, Gregory C., Jaffe, Andrew H., Jeong, Oliver, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Kaufman, Jonathan P., Keating, Brian, Kermish, Zigmund, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kusaka, Akito, Le Jeune, Maude, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Leon, David, Li, Yun, Linder, Eric, Lowry, Lindsay, Matsuda, Frederick, Matsumura, Tomotake, Miller, Nathan, Montgomery, Josh, Myers, Michael J., Navaroli, Martin, Nishino, Haruki, Okamura, Takahiro, Paar, Hans, Peloton, Julien, Pogosian, Levon, Poletti, Davide, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Raum, Christopher, Rebeiz, Gabriel, Reichardt, Christian L., Richards, Paul L., Ross, Colin, Rotermund, Kaja M., Schenck, David E., Sherwin, Blake D., Shimon, Meir, Shirley, Ian, Siritanasak, Praween, Smecher, Graeme, Stebor, Nathan, Steinbach, Bryan, Suzuki, Aritoki, Suzuki, Jun-ichi, Tajima, Osamu, Takakura, Satoru, Tikhomirov, Alexei, Tomaru, Takayuki, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wilson, Brandon, Yadav, Amit, Zahn, Alex, and Zahn, Oliver. Tue . "POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.123509. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1393000.
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@article{osti_1393000,
title = {POLARBEAR constraints on cosmic birefringence and primordial magnetic fields},
author = {Ade, Peter A. R. and Arnold, Kam and Atlas, Matt and Baccigalupi, Carlo and Barron, Darcy and Boettger, David and Borrill, Julian and Chapman, Scott and Chinone, Yuji and Cukierman, Ari and Dobbs, Matt and Ducout, Anne and Dunner, Rolando and Elleflot, Tucker and Errard, Josquin and Fabbian, Giulio and Feeney, Stephen and Feng, Chang and Gilbert, Adam and Goeckner-Wald, Neil and Groh, John and Hall, Grantland and Halverson, Nils W. and Hasegawa, Masaya and Hattori, Kaori and Hazumi, Masashi and Hill, Charles and Holzapfel, William L. and Hori, Yasuto and Howe, Logan and Inoue, Yuki and Jaehnig, Gregory C. and Jaffe, Andrew H. and Jeong, Oliver and Katayama, Nobuhiko and Kaufman, Jonathan P. and Keating, Brian and Kermish, Zigmund and Keskitalo, Reijo and Kisner, Theodore and Kusaka, Akito and Le Jeune, Maude and Lee, Adrian T. and Leitch, Erik M. and Leon, David and Li, Yun and Linder, Eric and Lowry, Lindsay and Matsuda, Frederick and Matsumura, Tomotake and Miller, Nathan and Montgomery, Josh and Myers, Michael J. and Navaroli, Martin and Nishino, Haruki and Okamura, Takahiro and Paar, Hans and Peloton, Julien and Pogosian, Levon and Poletti, Davide and Puglisi, Giuseppe and Raum, Christopher and Rebeiz, Gabriel and Reichardt, Christian L. and Richards, Paul L. and Ross, Colin and Rotermund, Kaja M. and Schenck, David E. and Sherwin, Blake D. and Shimon, Meir and Shirley, Ian and Siritanasak, Praween and Smecher, Graeme and Stebor, Nathan and Steinbach, Bryan and Suzuki, Aritoki and Suzuki, Jun-ichi and Tajima, Osamu and Takakura, Satoru and Tikhomirov, Alexei and Tomaru, Takayuki and Whitehorn, Nathan and Wilson, Brandon and Yadav, Amit and Zahn, Alex and Zahn, Oliver},
abstractNote = {Here, we constrain anisotropic cosmic birefringence using four-point correlations of even-parity E-mode and odd-parity B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background measurements made by the POLARization of the Background Radiation (POLARBEAR) experiment in its first season of observations. We find that the anisotropic cosmic birefringence signal from any parity-violating processes is consistent with zero. The Faraday rotation from anisotropic cosmic birefringence can be compared with the equivalent quantity generated by primordial magnetic fields if they existed. The POLARBEAR nondetection translates into a 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper limit of 93 nanogauss (nG) on the amplitude of an equivalent primordial magnetic field inclusive of systematic uncertainties. This four-point correlation constraint on Faraday rotation is about 15 times tighter than the upper limit of 1380 nG inferred from constraining the contribution of Faraday rotation to two-point correlations of B-modes measured by Planck in 2015. Metric perturbations sourced by primordial magnetic fields would also contribute to the B-mode power spectrum. Using the POLARBEAR measurements of the B-mode power spectrum (two-point correlation), we set a 95% C.L. upper limit of 3.9 nG on primordial magnetic fields assuming a flat prior on the field amplitude. This limit is comparable to what was found in the Planck 2015 two-point correlation analysis with both temperature and polarization. Finally, we perform a set of systematic error tests and find no evidence for contamination. This work marks the first time that anisotropic cosmic birefringence or primordial magnetic fields have been constrained from the ground at subdegree scales.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.92.123509},
journal = {Physical Review. D, Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology},
number = 12,
volume = 92,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Dec 08 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Tue Dec 08 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}
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    • International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 25, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.1142/s0218271816400162

    Design and Characterization of a Ground-Based Absolute Polarization Calibrator for Use with Polarization Sensitive CMB Experiments
    journal, January 2019

    Bicep2/ KECK ARRAY VIII: MEASUREMENT OF GRAVITATIONAL LENSING FROM LARGE-SCALE B -MODE POLARIZATION
    journal, December 2016

    Current and Future Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields
    journal, September 2017

    • Sutton, Dylan R.; Feng, Chang; Reichardt, Christian L.
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 846, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa85e2

    Planck 2015 results : XV. Gravitational lensing
    journal, September 2016

    Search for primordial symmetry breakings in CMB
    journal, July 2016

    The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
    text, January 2019

    • Ade, P.; Aguirre, J.; Ahmed, Z.
    • Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
    • DOI: 10.17863/cam.38168

    Planck 2015 results : VI. LFI mapmaking
    journal, September 2016

    Design and characterization of a ground-based absolute polarization calibrator for use with polarization sensitive CMB experiments
    conference, July 2018

    • Navaroli, Martin F.; Crowley, Kevin D.; Teply, Grant P.
    • Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IX
    • DOI: 10.1117/12.2312856

    Planck 2015 results : XVI. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB
    journal, September 2016

    Planck 2015 results : XXVI. The Second
    journal, September 2016

    Planck 2015 results : XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields
    journal, September 2016

    The evolution of primordial magnetic field since its generation
    text, January 2015

    Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data
    text, January 2016

    Current and Future Constraints on Primordial Magnetic Fields
    text, January 2017

    CMB weak-lensing beyond the Born approximation: a numerical approach
    text, January 2017

    The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
    text, January 2018

    Axion Dark Matter Detection with CMB Polarization
    text, January 2019

    Future CMB constraints on cosmic birefringence and implications for fundamental physics
    text, January 2019

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