Nuclear localization of the DNA repair scaffold XRCC1: Uncovering the functional role of a bipartite NLS
Abstract
We have characterized the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of XRCC1 structurally using X-ray crystallography and functionally using fluorescence imaging. Crystallography and binding studies confirm the bipartite nature of the XRCC1 NLS interaction with Importin α (Impα) in which the major and minor binding motifs are separated by >20 residues, and resolve previous inconsistent determinations. Binding studies of peptides corresponding to the bipartite NLS, as well as its major and minor binding motifs, to both wild-type and mutated forms of Impα reveal pronounced cooperative binding behavior that is generated by the proximity effect of the tethered major and minor motifs of the NLS. The cooperativity stems from the increased local concentration of the second motif near its cognate binding site that is a consequence of the stepwise binding behavior of the bipartite NLS. We predict that the stepwise dissociation of the NLS from Impα facilitates unloading by providing a partially complexed intermediate that is available for competitive binding by Nup50 or the Importin β binding domain. This behavior gives a basis for meeting the intrinsically conflicting high affinity and high flux requirements of an efficient nuclear transport system.
- Authors:
-
- National Inst. of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1213717
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357; W-31-109-ENG-38
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Scientific Reports
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
- Subject:
- 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; protein translocation; x-ray crystallography; DNA damage and repair
Citation Formats
Kirby, Thomas W., Gassman, Natalie R., Smith, Cassandra E., Pedersen, Lars C., Gabel, Scott A., Sobhany, Mack, Wilson, Samuel H., and London, Robert E. Nuclear localization of the DNA repair scaffold XRCC1: Uncovering the functional role of a bipartite NLS. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.1038/srep13405.
Kirby, Thomas W., Gassman, Natalie R., Smith, Cassandra E., Pedersen, Lars C., Gabel, Scott A., Sobhany, Mack, Wilson, Samuel H., & London, Robert E. Nuclear localization of the DNA repair scaffold XRCC1: Uncovering the functional role of a bipartite NLS. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13405
Kirby, Thomas W., Gassman, Natalie R., Smith, Cassandra E., Pedersen, Lars C., Gabel, Scott A., Sobhany, Mack, Wilson, Samuel H., and London, Robert E. Tue .
"Nuclear localization of the DNA repair scaffold XRCC1: Uncovering the functional role of a bipartite NLS". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13405. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1213717.
@article{osti_1213717,
title = {Nuclear localization of the DNA repair scaffold XRCC1: Uncovering the functional role of a bipartite NLS},
author = {Kirby, Thomas W. and Gassman, Natalie R. and Smith, Cassandra E. and Pedersen, Lars C. and Gabel, Scott A. and Sobhany, Mack and Wilson, Samuel H. and London, Robert E.},
abstractNote = {We have characterized the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of XRCC1 structurally using X-ray crystallography and functionally using fluorescence imaging. Crystallography and binding studies confirm the bipartite nature of the XRCC1 NLS interaction with Importin α (Impα) in which the major and minor binding motifs are separated by >20 residues, and resolve previous inconsistent determinations. Binding studies of peptides corresponding to the bipartite NLS, as well as its major and minor binding motifs, to both wild-type and mutated forms of Impα reveal pronounced cooperative binding behavior that is generated by the proximity effect of the tethered major and minor motifs of the NLS. The cooperativity stems from the increased local concentration of the second motif near its cognate binding site that is a consequence of the stepwise binding behavior of the bipartite NLS. We predict that the stepwise dissociation of the NLS from Impα facilitates unloading by providing a partially complexed intermediate that is available for competitive binding by Nup50 or the Importin β binding domain. This behavior gives a basis for meeting the intrinsically conflicting high affinity and high flux requirements of an efficient nuclear transport system.},
doi = {10.1038/srep13405},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = ,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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