Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses
Abstract
The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to dramatic annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which likely affect bacterial activity and community structure. We studied seasonal variations in the bacterial community of active layer soil from Svalbard (78°N) by co-extracting DNA and RNA from 12 soil cores collected monthly over a year. PCR amplicons of 16S rRNA genes (DNA) and reverse transcribed transcripts (cDNA) were quantified and sequenced to test for the effect of low winter temperature and seasonal variation in concentration of easily degradable organic matter on the bacterial communities. The copy number of 16S rRNA genes and transcripts revealed no distinct seasonal changes indicating potential bacterial activity during winter despite soil temperatures well below -10°C. Multivariate statistical analysis of the bacterial diversity data (DNA and cDNA libraries) revealed a season-based clustering of the samples, and, e.g., the relative abundance of potentially active Cyanobacteria peaked in June and Alphaproteobacteria increased over the summer and then declined from October to November. The structure of the bulk (DNA-based) community was significantly correlated with pH and dissolved organic carbon, while the potentially active (RNA-based) community structure was not significantly correlated with any of the measured soilmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark)
- Aarhus Univ. (Denmark)
- Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE; Danish National Research Foundation
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1204352
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1664-302X
- Publisher:
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 58 GEOSCIENCES; permafrost active layer; seasonal variation; bacterial community structure; 16S rRNA gene; Arctic
Citation Formats
Schostag, Morten, Stibal, Marek, Jacobsen, Carsten S., Bælum, Jacob, Taş, Neslihan, Elberling, Bo, Jansson, Janet K., Semenchuk, Philipp, and Priemé, Anders. Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses. United States: N. p., 2015.
Web. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399.
Schostag, Morten, Stibal, Marek, Jacobsen, Carsten S., Bælum, Jacob, Taş, Neslihan, Elberling, Bo, Jansson, Janet K., Semenchuk, Philipp, & Priemé, Anders. Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses. United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399
Schostag, Morten, Stibal, Marek, Jacobsen, Carsten S., Bælum, Jacob, Taş, Neslihan, Elberling, Bo, Jansson, Janet K., Semenchuk, Philipp, and Priemé, Anders. Thu .
"Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses". United States. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1204352.
@article{osti_1204352,
title = {Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses},
author = {Schostag, Morten and Stibal, Marek and Jacobsen, Carsten S. and Bælum, Jacob and Taş, Neslihan and Elberling, Bo and Jansson, Janet K. and Semenchuk, Philipp and Priemé, Anders},
abstractNote = {The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to dramatic annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which likely affect bacterial activity and community structure. We studied seasonal variations in the bacterial community of active layer soil from Svalbard (78°N) by co-extracting DNA and RNA from 12 soil cores collected monthly over a year. PCR amplicons of 16S rRNA genes (DNA) and reverse transcribed transcripts (cDNA) were quantified and sequenced to test for the effect of low winter temperature and seasonal variation in concentration of easily degradable organic matter on the bacterial communities. The copy number of 16S rRNA genes and transcripts revealed no distinct seasonal changes indicating potential bacterial activity during winter despite soil temperatures well below -10°C. Multivariate statistical analysis of the bacterial diversity data (DNA and cDNA libraries) revealed a season-based clustering of the samples, and, e.g., the relative abundance of potentially active Cyanobacteria peaked in June and Alphaproteobacteria increased over the summer and then declined from October to November. The structure of the bulk (DNA-based) community was significantly correlated with pH and dissolved organic carbon, while the potentially active (RNA-based) community structure was not significantly correlated with any of the measured soil parameters. A large fraction of the 16S rRNA transcripts was assigned to nitrogen-fixing bacteria (up to 24% in June) and phototrophic organisms (up to 48% in June) illustrating the potential importance of nitrogen fixation in otherwise nitrogen poor Arctic ecosystems and of phototrophic bacterial activity on the soil surface.},
doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399},
journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
number = ,
volume = 6,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Apr 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Thu Apr 30 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}
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