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Title: Configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects formed under local mechanical stress on hexagonal monolayer graphene

Abstract

Ripples in graphene are extensively investigated because they ensure the mechanical stability of two-dimensional graphene and affect its electronic properties. They arise from spontaneous symmetry breaking and are usually manifested in the form of domains with long-range order. It is expected that topological defects accompany a material exhibiting long-range order, whose functionality depends on characteristics of domains and topological defects. However, there remains a lack of understanding regarding ripple domains and their topological defects formed on monolayer graphene. Here we explore configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects in exfoliated monolayer graphenes on SiO₂/Si substrates using transverse shear microscope. We observe three-color domains with three different ripple directions, which meet at a core. Furthermore, the closed domain is surrounded by an even number of cores connected together by domain boundaries, similar to topological vortex and anti-vortex pairs. In addition, we have found that axisymmetric three-color domains can be induced around nanoparticles underneath the graphene. This fascinating configuration of ripple domains may result from the intrinsic hexagonal symmetry of two-dimensional graphene, which is supported by theoretical simulation using molecular dynamics. Our findings are expected to play a key role in understanding of ripple physics in graphene and other two-dimensional materials.

Authors:
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1];  [4];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Konkuk Univ., Seoul (Korea)
  2. Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea)
  3. Sejong Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
  4. Konkuk Univ., Seoul (Korea); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE
OSTI Identifier:
1193715
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC52-06NA25396
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Scientific Reports
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing Group
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Citation Formats

Park, Yeonggu, Choi, Jin Sik, Choi, Taekjib, Lee, Mi Jung, Jia, Quanxi, Park, Minwoo, Lee, Hoonkyung, and Park, Bae Ho. Configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects formed under local mechanical stress on hexagonal monolayer graphene. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1038/srep09390.
Park, Yeonggu, Choi, Jin Sik, Choi, Taekjib, Lee, Mi Jung, Jia, Quanxi, Park, Minwoo, Lee, Hoonkyung, & Park, Bae Ho. Configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects formed under local mechanical stress on hexagonal monolayer graphene. United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09390
Park, Yeonggu, Choi, Jin Sik, Choi, Taekjib, Lee, Mi Jung, Jia, Quanxi, Park, Minwoo, Lee, Hoonkyung, and Park, Bae Ho. Tue . "Configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects formed under local mechanical stress on hexagonal monolayer graphene". United States. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09390. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1193715.
@article{osti_1193715,
title = {Configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects formed under local mechanical stress on hexagonal monolayer graphene},
author = {Park, Yeonggu and Choi, Jin Sik and Choi, Taekjib and Lee, Mi Jung and Jia, Quanxi and Park, Minwoo and Lee, Hoonkyung and Park, Bae Ho},
abstractNote = {Ripples in graphene are extensively investigated because they ensure the mechanical stability of two-dimensional graphene and affect its electronic properties. They arise from spontaneous symmetry breaking and are usually manifested in the form of domains with long-range order. It is expected that topological defects accompany a material exhibiting long-range order, whose functionality depends on characteristics of domains and topological defects. However, there remains a lack of understanding regarding ripple domains and their topological defects formed on monolayer graphene. Here we explore configuration of ripple domains and their topological defects in exfoliated monolayer graphenes on SiO₂/Si substrates using transverse shear microscope. We observe three-color domains with three different ripple directions, which meet at a core. Furthermore, the closed domain is surrounded by an even number of cores connected together by domain boundaries, similar to topological vortex and anti-vortex pairs. In addition, we have found that axisymmetric three-color domains can be induced around nanoparticles underneath the graphene. This fascinating configuration of ripple domains may result from the intrinsic hexagonal symmetry of two-dimensional graphene, which is supported by theoretical simulation using molecular dynamics. Our findings are expected to play a key role in understanding of ripple physics in graphene and other two-dimensional materials.},
doi = {10.1038/srep09390},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
number = ,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Tue Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015},
month = {Tue Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2015}
}

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