Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jetsa)

Moser, Auna L.; Hsu, Scott C.

doi:10.1063/1.4920955

Title: Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jets^a)

Abstract

We present results from experiments on the head-on merging of two supersonic plasma jets in an initially collisionless regime for the counter-streaming ions [A. L. Moser & S. C. Hsu, Phys. Plasmas, submitted (2014)]. The plasma jets are of either an argon/impurity or hydrogen/impurity mixture and are produced by pulsed-power-driven railguns. Based on time- and space-resolved fast-imaging, multi-chord interferometry, and survey-spectroscopy measurements of the overlapping region between the merging jets, we observe that the jets initially interpenetrate, consistent with calculated inter-jet ion collision lengths, which are long. As the jets interpenetrate, a rising mean-charge state causes a rapid decrease in the inter-jet ion collision length. Finally, the interaction becomes collisional and the jets stagnate, eventually producing structures consistent with collisional shocks. These experimental observations can aid in the validation of plasma collisionality and ionization models for plasmas with complex equations of state.

Authors:

Moser, Auna L. ^[1];

^[1]

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Publication Date:: Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Research Org.:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1193441

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1228233

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-14-28942
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X; PHPAEN

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physics of Plasmas

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 5; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Citation Formats


                    Moser, Auna L., and Hsu, Scott C. Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jetsa).  United States: N. p., 2015. 
Web.  doi:10.1063/1.4920955.

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                    Moser, Auna L., & Hsu, Scott C. Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jetsa).  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4920955

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                    Moser, Auna L., and Hsu, Scott C. Fri .  
"Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jetsa)".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4920955.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1193441.

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@article{osti_1193441,

  title        = {Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jetsa)},

  author       = {Moser, Auna L. and Hsu, Scott C.},

  abstractNote = {We present results from experiments on the head-on merging of two supersonic plasma jets in an initially collisionless regime for the counter-streaming ions [A. L. Moser & S. C. Hsu, Phys. Plasmas, submitted (2014)]. The plasma jets are of either an argon/impurity or hydrogen/impurity mixture and are produced by pulsed-power-driven railguns. Based on time- and space-resolved fast-imaging, multi-chord interferometry, and survey-spectroscopy measurements of the overlapping region between the merging jets, we observe that the jets initially interpenetrate, consistent with calculated inter-jet ion collision lengths, which are long. As the jets interpenetrate, a rising mean-charge state causes a rapid decrease in the inter-jet ion collision length. Finally, the interaction becomes collisional and the jets stagnate, eventually producing structures consistent with collisional shocks. These experimental observations can aid in the validation of plasma collisionality and ionization models for plasmas with complex equations of state.},

  doi          = {10.1063/1.4920955},

  journal      = {Physics of Plasmas},

  number       = 5,

  volume       = 22,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015},

  month        = {Fri May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2015}

}

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Works referencing / citing this record:

Laboratory space physics: Investigating the physics of space plasmas in the laboratory
journal, May 2018

Howes, Gregory G.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5
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Observation of Rayleigh-Taylor-instability evolution in a plasma with magnetic and viscous effects
journal, November 2015

Adams, Colin S.; Moser, Auna L.; Hsu, Scott C.
Physical Review E, Vol. 92, Issue 5
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Observation of collisionless-to-collisional transition in colliding plasma jets with optical Thomson scattering
journal, January 2019

Young, R. P.; Kuranz, C. C.; Froula, D.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 1
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Molecular formation in the stagnation region of colliding laser-produced plasmas
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Liu, Shuai; Huang, Yizhi; Zhang, Yongpeng
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Current sheet characteristics of a parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator operated in gas-prefilled mode
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Liu, Shuai; Huang, Yizhi; Guo, Haishan
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Experimental study of ion heating in obliquely merging hypersonic plasma jets
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Langendorf, Samuel J.; Yates, Kevin C.; Hsu, Scott C.
Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 8
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Laboratory Space Physics: Investigating the Physics of Space Plasmas in the Laboratory
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Experimental Measurements of Ion Heating in Collisional Plasma Shocks and Interpenetrating Supersonic Plasma Flows
text, January 2018

Langendorf, Samuel J.; Yates, Kevin C.; Hsu, Scott C.
arXiv
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Experimental Study of Ion Heating in Obliquely Merging Hypersonic Plasma Jets
text, January 2019

Langendorf, Samuel J.; Yates, Kevin C.; Hsu, Scott C.
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Title: Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jetsa)

Abstract

Citation Formats

Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometer with a long coherence length laser journal, March 2012

The impact of laser plasma interactions on three-dimensional drive symmetry in inertial confinement fusion implosions journal, July 2014

Collisionless Shock Waves journal, April 1991

Experimental Evidence of Interpenetration and High Ion Temperature in Colliding Plasmas journal, November 1995

Nonlinear compressions in merging plasma jets journal, March 2013

The Physics of Inertial Fusion book, January 2004

Stopping and thermalization of interpenetrating plasma streams journal, January 1991

FLYCHK: Generalized population kinetics and spectral model for rapid spectroscopic analysis for all elements journal, December 2005

Generation of magnetized collisionless shocks by a novel, laser-driven magnetic piston journal, July 2012

Kinetic simulation of a plasma collision experiment journal, August 1993

Structure and Dynamics of Colliding Plasma Jets journal, December 2013

Structure of a Plasma Shock Wave journal, January 1964

Electrostatic instabilities in current-carrying and counterstreaming plasmas journal, January 1964

Observation of Collisionless Shocks in Laser-Plasma Experiments journal, July 2008

Interpenetration and ion separation in colliding plasmas journal, December 1994

Interpenetration and stagnation in colliding laser plasmas journal, January 2014

Collision and interpenetration of plasmas created by laser‐illuminated disks journal, April 1992

Modeling ion interpenetration, stagnation, and thermalization in colliding plasmas journal, March 1996

A comparison of kinetic and multifluid simulations of laser‐produced colliding plasmas journal, August 1995

Collisionless shock and supernova remnant simulations on VULCAN journal, May 2001

A Grid-Based Coulomb Collision Model for PIC Codes journal, January 1996

Oblique shock structures formed during the ablation phase of aluminium wire array z-pinches journal, February 2013

Particle-in-cell simulations of collisionless shock formation via head-on merging of two laboratory supersonic plasma jets journal, August 2013

Collisionless interaction of an energetic laser produced plasma with a large magnetoplasma journal, March 2009

Analysis of two colliding laser-produced plasmas by emission spectroscopy and fast photography journal, May 2010

Experimental evidence for collisional shock formation via two obliquely merging supersonic plasma jets journal, May 2014

Characterizing counter-streaming interpenetrating plasmas relevant to astrophysical collisionless shocks journal, May 2012

Experimental characterization of railgun-driven supersonic plasma jets motivated by high energy density physics applications journal, December 2012

Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometry of supersonic plasma jets (invited) journal, October 2012

Study of a colliding laser-produced plasma by analysis of time- and space-resolved image spectra journal, February 2007

Electron density measurement of a colliding plasma using soft-x-ray laser interferometry journal, May 1997

Time Evolution of Collisionless Shock in Counterstreaming Laser-Produced Plasmas journal, April 2011

Collisionless Coupling of Ion and Electron Temperatures in Counterstreaming Plasma Flows journal, April 2013

Experimental Characterization of the Stagnation Layer between Two Obliquely Merging Supersonic Plasma Jets journal, August 2013

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas journal, November 2013

Interpenetration, Deflection, and Stagnation of Cylindrically Convergent Magnetized Supersonic Tungsten Plasma Flows journal, July 2014

Spherically Imploding Plasma Liners as a Standoff Driver for Magnetoinertial Fusion journal, May 2012

Laboratory plasma physics experiments using merging supersonic plasma jets journal, December 2014

Collisionless Shock Waves book, January 1993

Collisionless interaction of an energetic laser produced plasma with a large magnetoplasma book, January 2009

Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometer with a long coherence length laser text, January 2011

Experimental characterization of the stagnation layer between two obliquely merging supersonic plasma jets text, January 2013

Particle-in-cell simulations of collisionless shock formation via head-on merging of two laboratory supersonic plasma jets text, January 2013

Experimental evidence for collisional shock formation via two obliquely merging supersonic plasma jets text, January 2013

Measurements and identifications of extreme ultraviolet spectra of highly-charged Sm and Er journal, December 2014

Laboratory space physics: Investigating the physics of space plasmas in the laboratory journal, May 2018

Observation of Rayleigh-Taylor-instability evolution in a plasma with magnetic and viscous effects journal, November 2015

Observation of collisionless-to-collisional transition in colliding plasma jets with optical Thomson scattering journal, January 2019

Molecular formation in the stagnation region of colliding laser-produced plasmas journal, October 2016

Optical emission spectroscopy investigation of the current sheet in a small-bore parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator journal, November 2018

Current sheet characteristics of a parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator operated in gas-prefilled mode journal, May 2018

Experimental study of ion heating in obliquely merging hypersonic plasma jets journal, August 2019

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Title: Experimental characterization of a transition from collisionless to collisional interaction between head-on-merging supersonic plasma jets^a)

Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometer with a long coherence length laser
journal, March 2012

The impact of laser plasma interactions on three-dimensional drive symmetry in inertial confinement fusion implosions
journal, July 2014

Collisionless Shock Waves
journal, April 1991

Experimental Evidence of Interpenetration and High Ion Temperature in Colliding Plasmas
journal, November 1995

Nonlinear compressions in merging plasma jets
journal, March 2013

The Physics of Inertial Fusion
book, January 2004

Stopping and thermalization of interpenetrating plasma streams
journal, January 1991

FLYCHK: Generalized population kinetics and spectral model for rapid spectroscopic analysis for all elements
journal, December 2005

Generation of magnetized collisionless shocks by a novel, laser-driven magnetic piston
journal, July 2012

Kinetic simulation of a plasma collision experiment
journal, August 1993

Structure and Dynamics of Colliding Plasma Jets
journal, December 2013

Structure of a Plasma Shock Wave
journal, January 1964

Electrostatic instabilities in current-carrying and counterstreaming plasmas
journal, January 1964

Observation of Collisionless Shocks in Laser-Plasma Experiments
journal, July 2008

Interpenetration and ion separation in colliding plasmas
journal, December 1994

Interpenetration and stagnation in colliding laser plasmas
journal, January 2014

Collision and interpenetration of plasmas created by laser‐illuminated disks
journal, April 1992

Modeling ion interpenetration, stagnation, and thermalization in colliding plasmas
journal, March 1996

A comparison of kinetic and multifluid simulations of laser‐produced colliding plasmas
journal, August 1995

Collisionless shock and supernova remnant simulations on VULCAN
journal, May 2001

A Grid-Based Coulomb Collision Model for PIC Codes
journal, January 1996

Oblique shock structures formed during the ablation phase of aluminium wire array z-pinches
journal, February 2013

Particle-in-cell simulations of collisionless shock formation via head-on merging of two laboratory supersonic plasma jets
journal, August 2013

Collisionless interaction of an energetic laser produced plasma with a large magnetoplasma
journal, March 2009

Analysis of two colliding laser-produced plasmas by emission spectroscopy and fast photography
journal, May 2010

Experimental evidence for collisional shock formation via two obliquely merging supersonic plasma jets
journal, May 2014

Characterizing counter-streaming interpenetrating plasmas relevant to astrophysical collisionless shocks
journal, May 2012

Experimental characterization of railgun-driven supersonic plasma jets motivated by high energy density physics applications
journal, December 2012

Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometry of supersonic plasma jets (invited)
journal, October 2012

Study of a colliding laser-produced plasma by analysis of time- and space-resolved image spectra
journal, February 2007

Electron density measurement of a colliding plasma using soft-x-ray laser interferometry
journal, May 1997

Time Evolution of Collisionless Shock in Counterstreaming Laser-Produced Plasmas
journal, April 2011

Collisionless Coupling of Ion and Electron Temperatures in Counterstreaming Plasma Flows
journal, April 2013

Experimental Characterization of the Stagnation Layer between Two Obliquely Merging Supersonic Plasma Jets
journal, August 2013

Filamentation Instability of Counterstreaming Laser-Driven Plasmas
journal, November 2013

Interpenetration, Deflection, and Stagnation of Cylindrically Convergent Magnetized Supersonic Tungsten Plasma Flows
journal, July 2014

Spherically Imploding Plasma Liners as a Standoff Driver for Magnetoinertial Fusion
journal, May 2012

Laboratory plasma physics experiments using merging supersonic plasma jets
journal, December 2014

Collisionless Shock Waves
book, January 1993

Collisionless interaction of an energetic laser produced plasma with a large magnetoplasma
book, January 2009

Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometer with a long coherence length laser
text, January 2011

Experimental characterization of the stagnation layer between two obliquely merging supersonic plasma jets
text, January 2013

Particle-in-cell simulations of collisionless shock formation via head-on merging of two laboratory supersonic plasma jets
text, January 2013

Experimental evidence for collisional shock formation via two obliquely merging supersonic plasma jets
text, January 2013

Measurements and identifications of extreme ultraviolet spectra of highly-charged Sm and Er
journal, December 2014

Laboratory space physics: Investigating the physics of space plasmas in the laboratory
journal, May 2018

Observation of Rayleigh-Taylor-instability evolution in a plasma with magnetic and viscous effects
journal, November 2015

Observation of collisionless-to-collisional transition in colliding plasma jets with optical Thomson scattering
journal, January 2019

Molecular formation in the stagnation region of colliding laser-produced plasmas
journal, October 2016

Optical emission spectroscopy investigation of the current sheet in a small-bore parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator
journal, November 2018

Current sheet characteristics of a parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator operated in gas-prefilled mode
journal, May 2018

Experimental study of ion heating in obliquely merging hypersonic plasma jets
journal, August 2019

Laboratory Space Physics: Investigating the Physics of Space Plasmas in the Laboratory
text, January 2018

Experimental Measurements of Ion Heating in Collisional Plasma Shocks and Interpenetrating Supersonic Plasma Flows
text, January 2018

Experimental Study of Ion Heating in Obliquely Merging Hypersonic Plasma Jets
text, January 2019