High rate and stable cycling of lithium metal anode
Lithium (Li) metal is an ideal anode material for rechargeable batteries. However, dendritic Li growth and limited Coulombic efficiency (CE) during repeated Li deposition/stripping processes have prevented the application of this anode in rechargeable Li metal batteries, especially for use at high current densities. Here, we report that the use of highly concentrated electrolytes composed of ether solvents and the lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) salt enables the high rate cycling of a Li metal anode at high CE (up to 99.1 %) without dendrite growth. With 4 M LiFSI in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) as the electrolyte, a Li|Li cell can be cycled at high rates (10 mA cm-2) for more than 6000 cycles with no increase in the cell impedance, and a Cu|Li cell can be cycled at 4 mA cm-2 for more than 1000 cycles with an average CE of 98.4%. These excellent high rate performances can be attributed to the increased solvent coordination and increased availability of Li+ concentration in the electrolyte. Lastly, further development of this electrolyte may lead to practical applications for Li metal anode in rechargeable batteries. The fundamental mechanisms behind the high rate ion exchange and stability of the electrolytes also shine light on the stabilitymore »
- Authors:
-
[1]
; [1]
; [1]
; [2]
; [3]
; [4]
; [1]
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Joint Center for Energy Storage Research; Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Energy & Environment Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Energy & Environment Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab. (EMSL)
- U.S. Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD (United States). Sensor & Electron Devices Directorate
- Publication Date:
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-107989
Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723; 48379; 48316; KC0208010
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Nature Communications
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-1723
- Publisher:
- Nature Publishing Group
- Research Org:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab. (EMSL)
- Sponsoring Org:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 25 ENERGY STORAGE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1184948
- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
-
Accepted Manuscript (DOE)
- Publisher's Version of Record
- https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7362