What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks?
Abstract
In this study, massive runaway positrons are generated by runaway electrons in tokamaks. The fate of these positrons encodes valuable information about the runaway dynamics. The phase space dynamics of a runaway position is investigated using a Lagrangian that incorporates the tokamak geometry, loop voltage, radiation and collisional effects. It is found numerically that runaway positrons will drift out of the plasma to annihilate on the first wall, with an in-plasma annihilation possibility less than 0.1%. The dynamics of runaway positrons provides signatures that can be observed as diagnostic tools.
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China)
- Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China); Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1136903
- Report Number(s):
- PPPL-5021
Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X; PHPAEN
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-09CH11466
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Physics of Plasmas
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 21; Journal Issue: 6; Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
- Publisher:
- American Institute of Physics (AIP)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; POSITRONS; ELECTRIC FIELDS; MAGNETIC FIELDS; positrons; Tokamaks; electric fields; plasma dynamics; magnetic fields
Citation Formats
Liu, Jian, Qin, Hong, Fisch, Nathaniel J., Teng, Qian, and Wang, Xiaogang. What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks?. United States: N. p., 2014.
Web. doi:10.1063/1.4882435.
Liu, Jian, Qin, Hong, Fisch, Nathaniel J., Teng, Qian, & Wang, Xiaogang. What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks?. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4882435
Liu, Jian, Qin, Hong, Fisch, Nathaniel J., Teng, Qian, and Wang, Xiaogang. Thu .
"What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks?". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4882435. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1136903.
@article{osti_1136903,
title = {What is the fate of runaway positrons in tokamaks?},
author = {Liu, Jian and Qin, Hong and Fisch, Nathaniel J. and Teng, Qian and Wang, Xiaogang},
abstractNote = {In this study, massive runaway positrons are generated by runaway electrons in tokamaks. The fate of these positrons encodes valuable information about the runaway dynamics. The phase space dynamics of a runaway position is investigated using a Lagrangian that incorporates the tokamak geometry, loop voltage, radiation and collisional effects. It is found numerically that runaway positrons will drift out of the plasma to annihilate on the first wall, with an in-plasma annihilation possibility less than 0.1%. The dynamics of runaway positrons provides signatures that can be observed as diagnostic tools.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4882435},
journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
number = 6,
volume = 21,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Jun 19 00:00:00 EDT 2014},
month = {Thu Jun 19 00:00:00 EDT 2014}
}
Free Publicly Available Full Text
Publisher's Version of Record
Other availability
Cited by: 12 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science
Web of Science
Save to My Library
You must Sign In or Create an Account in order to save documents to your library.
Works referenced in this record:
Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy
journal, August 1980
- Siegel, R. W.
- Annual Review of Materials Science, Vol. 10, Issue 1
Testing of a nuclear-reactor-based positron beam
journal, May 1997
- van Veen, A.; Labohm, F.; Schut, H.
- Applied Surface Science, Vol. 116
Positron Creation and Annihilation in Tokamak Plasmas with Runaway Electrons
journal, April 2003
- Helander, P.; Ward, D. J.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 90, Issue 13
Runaway Positrons in Fusion Plasmas
journal, May 2012
- Fülöp, T.; Papp, G.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 22
Electron and Ion Runaway in a Fully Ionized Gas. I
journal, July 1959
- Dreicer, H.
- Physical Review, Vol. 115, Issue 2
Runaway Electrons in a Plasma
journal, September 1973
- Kulsrud, Russell M.; Sun, Yung-Chiun; Winsor, Niels K.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 31, Issue 11
Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons
journal, June 1975
- Connor, J. W.; Hastie, R. J.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 15, Issue 3
Runaway acceleration during magnetic reconnection in tokamaks
journal, November 2002
- Helander, P.; Eriksson, L-G; Andersson, F.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 44, Issue 12B
Runaway electrons in toroidal discharges
journal, June 1979
- Knoepfel, H.; Spong, D. A.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 19, Issue 6
Theory for avalanche of runaway electrons in tokamaks
journal, October 1997
- Rosenbluth, M. N.; Putvinski, S. V.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 37, Issue 10
Momentum-space study of the effect of bremsstrahlung radiation on the energy of runaway electrons in tokamaks
journal, October 2005
- Bakhtiari, M.; Kramer, G. J.; Whyte, D. G.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 12, Issue 10
Phase-space dynamics of runaway electrons in tokamaks
journal, September 2010
- Guan, Xiaoyin; Qin, Hong; Fisch, Nathaniel J.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 17, Issue 9
Direct observations of runaway electrons during disruptions in the JET tokamak
journal, February 2000
- Gill, R. D.; Alper, B.; Edwards, A. W.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 40, Issue 2
Generation and loss of runaway electrons following disruptions in JET
journal, November 1993
- Gill, R. D.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 33, Issue 11
A synchrotron radiation diagnostic to observe relativistic runaway electrons in a tokamak plasma
journal, January 2001
- Jaspers, R.; Lopes Cardozo, N. J.; Donné, A. J. H.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 72, Issue 1
Experimental investigation of runaway electron generation in TEXTOR
journal, December 1993
- Jaspers, R.; Finken, K. H.; Mank, G.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 33, Issue 12
The JET neutron emission profile monitor
journal, May 1993
- Adams, J. M.; Jarvis, O. N.; Sadler, G. J.
- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 329, Issue 1-2
Simulation of tokamak runaway-electron events
journal, December 1987
- Bolt, H.; Miyahara, A.; Miyake, M.
- Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 151, Issue 1
Runaway electron damage to the Tore Supra Phase III outboard pump limiter
journal, February 1997
- Nygren, R.; Lutz, T.; Walsh, D.
- Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 241-243
Impact of runaway electrons
journal, January 1994
- Bartels, H. -W.
- Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 23, Issue 4
On the generation of runaway electrons and their impact to plasma facing components
journal, January 1989
- Kawamura, Takaichi; Obayashi, Haruo; Miyahara, Akira
- Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 9
Runaway electrons in magnetic turbulence and runaway current termination in tokamak discharges
journal, July 2000
- Yoshino, R.; Tokuda, S.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 40, Issue 7
Suppression of runaway electron avalanches by radial diffusion
journal, January 2000
- Helander, P.; Eriksson, L. -G.; Andersson, F.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 10
Fast particle resonances in tokamaks
journal, December 1993
- Rax, J. M.; Fisch, N. J.; Laurent, L.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 35, Issue SB
Relativistic ponderomotive Hamiltonian
journal, January 1984
- Grebogi, Celso; Littlejohn, Robert G.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 27, Issue 8
Momentum–space structure of relativistic runaway electrons
journal, June 1998
- Martı́n-Solı́s, J. R.; Alvarez, J. D.; Sánchez, R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 5, Issue 6
Energy limits on runaway electrons in tokamak plasmas
journal, January 1999
- Martín-Solís, J. R.; Esposito, B.; Sánchez, R.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 1
Damping of relativistic electron beams by synchrotron radiation
journal, December 2001
- Andersson, F.; Helander, P.; Eriksson, L. -G.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 12
Variational Symplectic Integrator for Long-Time Simulations of the Guiding-Center Motion of Charged Particles in General Magnetic Fields
journal, January 2008
- Qin, Hong; Guan, Xiaoyin
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 3
Variational symplectic algorithm for guiding center dynamics and its application in tokamak geometry
journal, April 2009
- Qin, Hong; Guan, Xiaoyin; Tang, William M.
- Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 4
An overview of the EAST project
journal, October 2007
- Wu, Songtao
- Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 82, Issue 5-14
Current in wave-driven plasmas
journal, January 1986
- Karney, Charles F. F.; Fisch, Nathaniel J.
- Physics of Fluids, Vol. 29, Issue 1
Theory of current drive in plasmas
journal, January 1987
- Fisch, Nathaniel J.
- Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 59, Issue 1
Suppression of Runaway Electrons by Resonant Magnetic Perturbations in TEXTOR Disruptions
journal, June 2008
- Lehnen, M.; Bozhenkov, S. A.; Abdullaev, S. S.
- Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 25
Runaway electron losses caused by resonant magnetic perturbations in ITER
journal, July 2011
- Papp, G.; Drevlak, M.; Fülöp, T.
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 9
Runaway losses in ergodized plasmas
journal, January 2007
- Finken, K. H.; Abdullaev, S. S.; Jakubowski, M. W.
- Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 2
Use of positrons to study transport in tokamak plasmas (invited)
journal, August 1986
- Surko, C. M.; Leventhal, M.; Crane, W. S.
- Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 57, Issue 8
On MINDEP of the University of British Columbia [British Columbia大学のMINDEPについて]
journal, January 1976
- Mizutani, Shinjirô
- Geological data processing, Vol. 1976, Issue 2
Works referencing / citing this record:
Explicit symplectic algorithms based on generating functions for charged particle dynamics
journal, July 2016
- Zhang, Ruili; Qin, Hong; Tang, Yifa
- Physical Review E, Vol. 94, Issue 1