Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification

Dutta, Abhijit; Cheah, Singfoong; Bain, Richard; Feik, Calvin; Magrini-Bair, Kim; Phillips, Steven

doi:10.1021/ie202797s

Title: Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification

Authors:

Dutta, Abhijit ^[1]; Cheah, Singfoong ^[1]; Bain, Richard ^[1]; Feik, Calvin ^[1]; Magrini-Bair, Kim ^[1]; Phillips, Steven ^[1]

National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401, United States

Publication Date:: Wed Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2012

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE

OSTI Identifier:: 1123363

Resource Type:: Published Article

Journal Name:: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Name: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research Journal Volume: 51 Journal Issue: 24; Journal ID: ISSN 0888-5885

Publisher:: American Chemical Society

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Formats


                    Dutta, Abhijit, Cheah, Singfoong, Bain, Richard, Feik, Calvin, Magrini-Bair, Kim, and Phillips, Steven. Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification.  United States: N. p., 2012. 
Web.  doi:10.1021/ie202797s.

Copy to clipboard


                    Dutta, Abhijit, Cheah, Singfoong, Bain, Richard, Feik, Calvin, Magrini-Bair, Kim, & Phillips, Steven. Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/ie202797s

Copy to clipboard


                    Dutta, Abhijit, Cheah, Singfoong, Bain, Richard, Feik, Calvin, Magrini-Bair, Kim, and Phillips, Steven. Wed .  
"Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1021/ie202797s.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_1123363,

  title        = {Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification},

  author       = {Dutta, Abhijit and Cheah, Singfoong and Bain, Richard and Feik, Calvin and Magrini-Bair, Kim and Phillips, Steven},

  abstractNote = {},

  doi          = {10.1021/ie202797s},

  journal      = {Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research},

  number       = 24,

  volume       = 51,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2012},

  month        = {Wed Jun 06 00:00:00 EDT 2012}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

Free Publicly Available Full Text

Publisher's Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1021/ie202797s

Other availability

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 6 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Works referenced in this record:

Mechanisms and kinetics of thermal reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysis of solid fuels
journal, October 1996

Jess, Andreas
Fuel, Vol. 75, Issue 12
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(96)00136-6

Sulfidation of manganese in H2S-H2 atmospheres at temperatures between 1073 and 1273 K
journal, October 1981

Elrefaie, F. A.; Smeltzer, W. W.
Oxidation of Metals, Vol. 16, Issue 3-4
DOI: 10.1007/BF00603836

The Reaction between Hydrogen Sulfide and Spherical Pellets of Zinc Oxide
journal, April 1980

Gibson, James B.; Harrison, Douglas P.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, Vol. 19, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/i260074a005

Ceria−Zirconia High-Temperature Desulfurization Sorbents
journal, August 2005

Yi, Kwang Bok; Podlaha, Elizabeth J.; Harrison, Douglas P.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 44, Issue 18
DOI: 10.1021/ie050441x

Gasification Technologies
book, April 2005

Rezaiyan, John; Cheremisinoff, Nicholas P.
DOI: 10.1201/9781420028140

Regeneration of MnO/γ-Al2O3 used for high-temperature desulfurization of fuel gases
journal, February 1996

Atakül, Hüsnü; Wakker, J. Peter; Gerritsen, Albert W.
Fuel, Vol. 75, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(95)00237-5

Review of metals and binary oxides as sorbents for removing sulfur from coal-derived gases
journal, June 1992

Swisher, J. H.; Schwerdtfeger, K.
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 1, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1007/BF02652395

Cerium Oxide-Based Sorbents for Regenerative Hot Reformate Gas Desulfurization
journal, September 2005

Wang, Zheng; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, Maria
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 19, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1021/ef049664a

Reduction and Sulfidation Kinetics of Cerium Oxide and Cu-Modified Cerium Oxide
journal, June 2002

Kobayashi, Makoto; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, Maria
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 41, Issue 13
DOI: 10.1021/ie010815w

Regenerative Adsorption and Removal of H2S from Hot Fuel Gas Streams by Rare Earth Oxides
journal, June 2006

Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M.
Science, Vol. 312, Issue 5779
DOI: 10.1126/science.1125684

A high capacity manganese-based sorbent for regenerative high temperature desulfurization with direct sulfur production
journal, December 2003

Bakker, Wridzer J. W.; Kapteijn, Freek; Moulijn, Jacob A.
Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 96, Issue 1-3
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2003.08.022

Catalytic properties of Rh/CeO ₂ /SiO ₂ for synthesis gas production from biomass by catalytic partial oxidation of tar
journal, January 2005

Miyazawa, Tomohisa; Kimura, Takeo; Nishikawa, Jin
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1016/j.stam.2005.05.019

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 1. Loading (Sulfidation) Tests
journal, November 1994

Ben-Slimane, R.; Hepworth, M. T.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 8, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1021/ef00048a003

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas
journal, December 2009

Yung, Matthew M.; Magrini-Bair, Kimberly A.; Parent, Yves O.
Catalysis Letters, Vol. 134, Issue 3-4
DOI: 10.1007/s10562-009-0246-y

Cu−Cr−O and Cu−Ce−O Regenerable Oxide Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization
journal, January 1997

Li, Zhijiang; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, Maria
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/ie960245d

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 2. Regeneration and Multicycle Tests
journal, November 1994

Ben-Slimane, R.; Hepworth, M. T.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 8, Issue 6
DOI: 10.1021/ef00048a004

Pilot-Scale Gasification of Corn Stover, Switchgrass, Wheat Straw, and Wood: 1. Parametric Study and Comparison with Literature
journal, February 2010

Carpenter, Daniel L.; Bain, Richard L.; Davis, Ryan E.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 49, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1021/ie900595m

In bed and downstream hot gas desulphurization during solid fuel gasification: A review
journal, August 2010

Meng, Xiangmei; de Jong, Wiebren; Pal, Ranadeep
Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 91, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2010.02.005

Methanol and hydrogen from biomass for transportation
journal, January 1995

Williams, Robert H.; Larson, Eric D.; Katofsky, Ryan E.
Energy for Sustainable Development, Vol. 1, Issue 5
DOI: 10.1016/S0973-0826(08)60083-6

Process Design and Economics for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol
report, May 2011

Dutta, A.; Talmadge, M.; Hensley, J.
DOI: 10.2172/1219435

High temperature hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide removal with manganese oxide (MnO) and iron oxide (FeO) on .gamma.-alumina acceptors
journal, January 1993

Wakker, J. Peter; Gerritsen, Albert W.; Moulijn, Jacob A.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 32, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/ie00013a019

Biomass to Hydrogen Production Detailed Design and Economics Utilizing the Battelle Columbus Laboratory Indirectly-Heated Gasifier
report, May 2005

Spath, P.; Aden, A.; Eggeman, T.
DOI: 10.2172/15016221

Regenerable Manganese-Based Sorbent for Cleanup of Simulated Biomass-Derived Syngas
journal, January 2011

Cheah, Singfoong; Olstad, Jessica L.; Jablonski, Whitney S.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 25, Issue 1
DOI: 10.1021/ef101337v

Review of Catalytic Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas
journal, April 2009

Yung, Matthew M.; Jablonski, Whitney S.; Magrini-Bair, Kimberly A.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 23, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1021/ef800830n

High Efficiency Co-production of Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) and Fischer−Tropsch (FT) Transportation Fuels from Biomass
journal, February 2005

Zwart, Robin W. R.; Boerrigter, Harold
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 19, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/ef049837w

Biomass Gasifier ''Tars'': Their Nature, Formation, and Conversion
report, November 1998

Milne, T. A.; Evans, R. J.; Abatzaglou, N.
DOI: 10.2172/3726

Review of Mid- to High-Temperature Sulfur Sorbents for Desulfurization of Biomass- and Coal-derived Syngas
journal, November 2009

Cheah, Singfoong; Carpenter, Daniel L.; Magrini-Bair, Kimberly A.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 23, Issue 11
DOI: 10.1021/ef900714q

Exploration of the possibilities for production of Fischer Tropsch liquids and power via biomass gasification
journal, August 2002

Tijmensen, M.
Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 23, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00037-5

Bench-scale testing of high-temperature desulfurization sorbents
journal, November 1989

Gangwal, S. K.; Harkins, S. M.; Woods, M. C.
Environmental Progress, Vol. 8, Issue 4
DOI: 10.1002/ep.3300080421

Reduced cerium oxide as an efficient and durable high temperature desulfurization sorbent
journal, November 2000

Zeng, Y.; Kaytakoglu, S.; Harrison, D. P.
Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 55, Issue 21
DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00117-2

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 3. Fixed-Bed Testing
journal, March 1995

Ben-Slimane, R.; Hepworth, M. T.
Energy & Fuels, Vol. 9, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1021/ef00050a024

Removal of H2S from fuel gases at high temperatures using MnO/γ-Al2O3
journal, February 1995

Atakül, Hüsnü; Wakker, J. Peter; Gerritsen, Albert W.
Fuel, Vol. 74, Issue 2
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(95)92653-N

Thermodynamic analysis and kinetics model of H ₂ S sorption using different sorbents
journal, October 2009

Meng, X. M.; De Jong, W.; Verkooijen, A. H. M.
Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy, Vol. 28, Issue 3
DOI: 10.1002/ep.10386

A Regenerable Copper-Based Sorbent for H ₂ S Removal from Coal Gases
journal, July 1998

Abbasian, Javad; Slimane, Rachid B.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 37, Issue 7
DOI: 10.1021/ie980047h

Manganese and ceria sorbents for high temperature sulfur removal from biomass-derived syngas – The impact of steam on capacity and sorption mode
journal, July 2012

Cheah, Singfoong; Parent, Yves O.; Jablonski, Whitney S.
Fuel, Vol. 97
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.007

Sulfidation of zinc titanate and zinc oxide solids
journal, August 1992

Lew, Susan; Sarofim, Adel F.; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, Maria
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 31, Issue 8
DOI: 10.1021/ie00008a009

High temperature gas desulfurization with elemental sulfur production
journal, July 1999

Zeng, Y.; Zhang, S.; Groves, F. R.
Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 54, Issue 15-16
DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00427-8

Gasoline from Woody Biomass via Thermochemical Gasification, Methanol Synthesis, and Methanol-to-Gasoline Technologies: A Technoeconomic Analysis
journal, October 2011

Phillips, Steven D.; Tarud, Joan K.; Biddy, Mary J.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 50, Issue 20
DOI: 10.1021/ie2010675

Similar Records in DOE PAGES and OSTI.GOV collections:

Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification

Journal Article Dutta, A ; Cheah, S ; Bain, R ; ... - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Sulfur present in biomass often causes catalyst deactivation during downstream operations after gasification. Early removal of sulfur from the syngas stream post-gasification is possible via process rearrangements and can be beneficial for maintaining a low-sulfur environment for all downstream operations. High-temperature sulfur sorbents have superior performance and capacity under drier syngas conditions. The reconfigured process discussed in this paper is comprised of indirect biomass gasification using dry recycled gas from downstream operations, which produces a drier syngas stream and, consequently, more-efficient sulfur removal at high temperatures using regenerable sorbents. A combination of experimental results from NREL's fluidizable Ni-based reforming catalyst,more »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/ie202797s
Process Design and Economics for the Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to High Octane Gasoline: Thermochemical Research Pathway with Indirect Gasification and Methanol Intermediate

Technical Report Tan, Eric ; Talmadge, M. ; Dutta, Abhijit ; ...

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) promotes research for enabling cost-competitive liquid fuels production from lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks. The research is geared to advance the state of technology (SOT) of biomass feedstock supply and logistics, conversion, and overall system sustainability. As part of their involvement in this program, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) investigate the economics of conversion pathways through the development of conceptual biorefinery process models. This report describes in detail one potential conversion process for the production of high octane gasoline blendstock via indirect liquefaction (IDL). The steps involve themore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1238301

Full Text Available
Process Design and Economics for the Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrocarbons via Indirect Liquefaction. Thermochemical Research Pathway to High-Octane Gasoline Blendstock Through Methanol/Dimethyl Ether Intermediates

Technical Report Tan, Eric C. D. ; Talmadge, Michael ; Dutta, Abhijit ; ...

This report was developed as part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office’s (BETO’s) efforts to enable the development of technologies for the production of infrastructure-compatible, cost-competitive liquid hydrocarbon fuels from lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks. The research funded by BETO is designed to advance the state of technology of biomass feedstock supply and logistics, conversion, and overall system sustainability. It is expected that these research improvements will be made within the 2022 timeframe. As part of their involvement in this research and development effort, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory investigate the economics ofmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1215006

Full Text Available
Process Design and Economics for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol: Thermochemical Pathway by Indirect Gasification and Mixed Alcohol Synthesis

Technical Report Dutta, A ; Talmadge, M ; Hensley, J ; ...

This design report describes an up-to-date benchmark thermochemical conversion process that incorporates the latest research from NREL and other sources. Building on a design report published in 2007, NREL and its subcontractor Harris Group Inc. performed a complete review of the process design and economic model for a biomass-to-ethanol process via indirect gasification. The conceptual designpresented herein considers the economics of ethanol production, assuming the achievement of internal research targets for 2012 and nth-plant costs and financing. The design features a processing capacity of 2,205 U.S. tons (2,000 metric tonnes) of dry biomass per day and an ethanol yield ofmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.2172/1015885

Full Text Available
Technoeconomic Analysis of a Lignocellulosic Biomass Indirect Gasification Process to Make Ethanol via Mixed Alcohols Synthesis

Journal Article Phillips, S D - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

A technoeconomic analysis of a 2000 tonne/day lignocellulosic biomass conversion process to make mixed alcohols via gasification and catalytic synthesis was completed. The process, modeled using ASPEN Plus process modeling software for mass and energy calculations, included all major process steps to convert biomass into liquid fuels, including gasification, gas cleanup and conditioning, synthesis conversion to mixed alcohols, and product separation. The gas cleanup area features a catalytic fluidized-bed steam reformer to convert tars and hydrocarbons into syngas. Conversions for both the reformer and the synthesis catalysts were based on research targets expected to be achieved by 2012 through ongoingmore »« less
https://doi.org/10.1021/ie071224u

Similar Records

Title: Integrated Process Configuration for High-Temperature Sulfur Mitigation during Biomass Conversion via Indirect Gasification

Citation Formats

Mechanisms and kinetics of thermal reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysis of solid fuels journal, October 1996

Sulfidation of manganese in H2S-H2 atmospheres at temperatures between 1073 and 1273 K journal, October 1981

The Reaction between Hydrogen Sulfide and Spherical Pellets of Zinc Oxide journal, April 1980

Ceria−Zirconia High-Temperature Desulfurization Sorbents journal, August 2005

Gasification Technologies book, April 2005

Regeneration of MnO/γ-Al2O3 used for high-temperature desulfurization of fuel gases journal, February 1996

Review of metals and binary oxides as sorbents for removing sulfur from coal-derived gases journal, June 1992

Cerium Oxide-Based Sorbents for Regenerative Hot Reformate Gas Desulfurization journal, September 2005

Reduction and Sulfidation Kinetics of Cerium Oxide and Cu-Modified Cerium Oxide journal, June 2002

Regenerative Adsorption and Removal of H2S from Hot Fuel Gas Streams by Rare Earth Oxides journal, June 2006

A high capacity manganese-based sorbent for regenerative high temperature desulfurization with direct sulfur production journal, December 2003

Catalytic properties of Rh/CeO 2 /SiO 2 for synthesis gas production from biomass by catalytic partial oxidation of tar journal, January 2005

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 1. Loading (Sulfidation) Tests journal, November 1994

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas journal, December 2009

Cu−Cr−O and Cu−Ce−O Regenerable Oxide Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization journal, January 1997

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 2. Regeneration and Multicycle Tests journal, November 1994

Pilot-Scale Gasification of Corn Stover, Switchgrass, Wheat Straw, and Wood: 1. Parametric Study and Comparison with Literature journal, February 2010

In bed and downstream hot gas desulphurization during solid fuel gasification: A review journal, August 2010

Methanol and hydrogen from biomass for transportation journal, January 1995

Process Design and Economics for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol report, May 2011

High temperature hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide removal with manganese oxide (MnO) and iron oxide (FeO) on .gamma.-alumina acceptors journal, January 1993

Biomass to Hydrogen Production Detailed Design and Economics Utilizing the Battelle Columbus Laboratory Indirectly-Heated Gasifier report, May 2005

Regenerable Manganese-Based Sorbent for Cleanup of Simulated Biomass-Derived Syngas journal, January 2011

Review of Catalytic Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas journal, April 2009

High Efficiency Co-production of Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) and Fischer−Tropsch (FT) Transportation Fuels from Biomass journal, February 2005

Biomass Gasifier ''Tars'': Their Nature, Formation, and Conversion report, November 1998

Review of Mid- to High-Temperature Sulfur Sorbents for Desulfurization of Biomass- and Coal-derived Syngas journal, November 2009

Exploration of the possibilities for production of Fischer Tropsch liquids and power via biomass gasification journal, August 2002

Bench-scale testing of high-temperature desulfurization sorbents journal, November 1989

Reduced cerium oxide as an efficient and durable high temperature desulfurization sorbent journal, November 2000

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 3. Fixed-Bed Testing journal, March 1995

Removal of H2S from fuel gases at high temperatures using MnO/γ-Al2O3 journal, February 1995

Thermodynamic analysis and kinetics model of H 2 S sorption using different sorbents journal, October 2009

A Regenerable Copper-Based Sorbent for H 2 S Removal from Coal Gases journal, July 1998

Manganese and ceria sorbents for high temperature sulfur removal from biomass-derived syngas – The impact of steam on capacity and sorption mode journal, July 2012

Sulfidation of zinc titanate and zinc oxide solids journal, August 1992

High temperature gas desulfurization with elemental sulfur production journal, July 1999

Gasoline from Woody Biomass via Thermochemical Gasification, Methanol Synthesis, and Methanol-to-Gasoline Technologies: A Technoeconomic Analysis journal, October 2011

Mechanisms and kinetics of thermal reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysis of solid fuels
journal, October 1996

Sulfidation of manganese in H2S-H2 atmospheres at temperatures between 1073 and 1273 K
journal, October 1981

The Reaction between Hydrogen Sulfide and Spherical Pellets of Zinc Oxide
journal, April 1980

Ceria−Zirconia High-Temperature Desulfurization Sorbents
journal, August 2005

Gasification Technologies
book, April 2005

Regeneration of MnO/γ-Al2O3 used for high-temperature desulfurization of fuel gases
journal, February 1996

Review of metals and binary oxides as sorbents for removing sulfur from coal-derived gases
journal, June 1992

Cerium Oxide-Based Sorbents for Regenerative Hot Reformate Gas Desulfurization
journal, September 2005

Reduction and Sulfidation Kinetics of Cerium Oxide and Cu-Modified Cerium Oxide
journal, June 2002

Regenerative Adsorption and Removal of H2S from Hot Fuel Gas Streams by Rare Earth Oxides
journal, June 2006

A high capacity manganese-based sorbent for regenerative high temperature desulfurization with direct sulfur production
journal, December 2003

Catalytic properties of Rh/CeO ₂ /SiO ₂ for synthesis gas production from biomass by catalytic partial oxidation of tar
journal, January 2005

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 1. Loading (Sulfidation) Tests
journal, November 1994

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas
journal, December 2009

Cu−Cr−O and Cu−Ce−O Regenerable Oxide Sorbents for Hot Gas Desulfurization
journal, January 1997

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 2. Regeneration and Multicycle Tests
journal, November 1994

Pilot-Scale Gasification of Corn Stover, Switchgrass, Wheat Straw, and Wood: 1. Parametric Study and Comparison with Literature
journal, February 2010

In bed and downstream hot gas desulphurization during solid fuel gasification: A review
journal, August 2010

Methanol and hydrogen from biomass for transportation
journal, January 1995

Process Design and Economics for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol
report, May 2011

High temperature hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide removal with manganese oxide (MnO) and iron oxide (FeO) on .gamma.-alumina acceptors
journal, January 1993

Biomass to Hydrogen Production Detailed Design and Economics Utilizing the Battelle Columbus Laboratory Indirectly-Heated Gasifier
report, May 2005

Regenerable Manganese-Based Sorbent for Cleanup of Simulated Biomass-Derived Syngas
journal, January 2011

Review of Catalytic Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas
journal, April 2009

High Efficiency Co-production of Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) and Fischer−Tropsch (FT) Transportation Fuels from Biomass
journal, February 2005

Biomass Gasifier ''Tars'': Their Nature, Formation, and Conversion
report, November 1998

Review of Mid- to High-Temperature Sulfur Sorbents for Desulfurization of Biomass- and Coal-derived Syngas
journal, November 2009

Exploration of the possibilities for production of Fischer Tropsch liquids and power via biomass gasification
journal, August 2002

Bench-scale testing of high-temperature desulfurization sorbents
journal, November 1989

Reduced cerium oxide as an efficient and durable high temperature desulfurization sorbent
journal, November 2000

Desulfurization of Hot Coal-Derived Fuel Gases with Manganese-Based Regenerable Sorbents. 3. Fixed-Bed Testing
journal, March 1995

Removal of H2S from fuel gases at high temperatures using MnO/γ-Al2O3
journal, February 1995

Thermodynamic analysis and kinetics model of H ₂ S sorption using different sorbents
journal, October 2009

A Regenerable Copper-Based Sorbent for H ₂ S Removal from Coal Gases
journal, July 1998

Manganese and ceria sorbents for high temperature sulfur removal from biomass-derived syngas – The impact of steam on capacity and sorption mode
journal, July 2012

Sulfidation of zinc titanate and zinc oxide solids
journal, August 1992

High temperature gas desulfurization with elemental sulfur production
journal, July 1999

Gasoline from Woody Biomass via Thermochemical Gasification, Methanol Synthesis, and Methanol-to-Gasoline Technologies: A Technoeconomic Analysis
journal, October 2011