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Title: Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

Abstract

We report the first measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry APV in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from 208Pb. APV is sensitive to the radius of the neutron distribution (Rn). The result APV = 0.656 ± 0.060 (stat) ± 0.013 (syst) corresponds to a difference between the radii of the neutron and proton distributions Rn-Rp = 0.33-0.18+0.16 fm and provides the first electroweak observation of the neutron skin which is expected in a heavy, neutron-rich nucleus.

Authors:
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Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Org.:
PREX Collaboration
OSTI Identifier:
1038248
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1104220
Report Number(s):
JLAB-PHY-12-1480; DOE/OR/23177-1974; arXiv:1201.2568
Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007; PRLTAO; TRN: US1201834
Grant/Contract Number:  
AC05-06OR23177
Resource Type:
Accepted Manuscript
Journal Name:
Physical Review Letters
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 108; Journal Issue: 11; Journal ID: ISSN 0031-9007
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS; ASYMMETRY; DISTRIBUTION; ELASTIC SCATTERING; ELECTRONS; NEUTRONS; PROTONS; SCATTERING

Citation Formats

Abrahamyan, Sergey, Albataineh, Hisham, Aniol, Konrad, Armstrong, David, Armstrong, Whitney, Averett, Todd, Babineau, Benjamin, Barbieri, A., Bellini, Vincenzo, Beminiwattha, Rakitha, Benesch, Jay, Benmokhtar, Fatiha, Bierlarski, Trevor, Boeglin, Werner, Camsonne, Alexandre, Canan, Mustafa, Carter, Philip, Cates, Gordon, Chen, Chunhua, Chen, Jian-Ping, Hen, O., Cusanno, Francesco, Dalton, Mark, De Leo, Raffaele, De Jager, Cornelis, Deconinck, Wouter, Decowski, Piotr, Deng, Xiaoyan, Deur, Alexandre, Dutta, Dipangkar, Etile, Asenath, Flay, David, Franklin, Gregg, Friend, Megan, Frullani, Salvatore, Fuchey, Eric, Garibaldi, Franco, Gasser, Estelle, Gilman, Ronald, Guisa, Antonio, Glamazdin, Oleksandr, Gomez, Javier, Grames, Joseph, Gu, Chao, Hansen, Jens-Ole, Hansknecht, John, Higinbotham, Douglas, Holmes, Richard, Holmstrom, Timothy, Horowitz, Charles, Hoskins, Joshua, Huang, Jin, Hyde, Charles, Itard, Florian, Jen, Chun-Min, Jensen, Eric, Jin, Ge, Johnston, Sereres, Kelleher, Aidan, Kliakhandler, Konstantin, King, Paul, Kowalski, Stanley, Kumar, Krishna, Leacock, John, Leckey, John, Lee, Jeong Han, LeRose, John, Lindgren, Richard, Liyanage, Nilanga, Lubinsky, Nicholas, Mammei, Juliette, Mammoliti, Francesco, Margaziotis, Demetrius, Markowitz, Pete, McCreary, Amber, McNulty, Dustin, Mercado, Luis, Meziani, Zein-Eddine, Michaels, Robert, Mihovilovic, Miha, Muangma, Navaphon, Munoz Camacho, Carlos, Nanda, Sirish, Nelyubin, Vladimir, Nuruzzaman, ., Oh, Yongseok, Palmer, Alvin, Parno, Diana, Paschke, Kent, Phillips, Sarah, Poelker, Benard, Pomatsalyuk, Roman, Posik, Matthew, Puckett, Andrew, Quinn, Brian, Rakhman, A., Reimer, Paul, Riordan, Seamus, Rogan, Patrick, Ron, Guy, Russo, Guiseppe, Saenboonruang, Kiadtisak, Saha, Arunava, Sawatzky, Bradley, Shahinyan, Albert, Silwal, Rupesh, Sirca, Simon, Slifer, Karl, Solvignon-Slifer, Patricia, Souder, Paul, Leda Sperduto, Maria, Subedi, Ramesh, Suleiman, Riad, Sulkosky, Vincent, Sutera, Concetta, Tobias, William, Troth, Wolfgang, Urciuoli, Guido, Buddhini Waidyawansa, Dinayadura, Wang, Diancheng, Wexler, Jonathan, Wilson, Richard, Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan, Yan, Xinhu, Yao, Huan, Ye, Yunxiu, Ye, Zhiohong, Yim, Vireak, Zana, Lorenzo, Zhan, Xiaohui, Zhang, Jixie, Zhang, Y., Zheng, Xiaochao, and Zhu, Pengjia. Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering. United States: N. p., 2012. Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.112502.
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Abrahamyan, Sergey, Albataineh, Hisham, Aniol, Konrad, Armstrong, David, Armstrong, Whitney, Averett, Todd, Babineau, Benjamin, Barbieri, A., Bellini, Vincenzo, Beminiwattha, Rakitha, Benesch, Jay, Benmokhtar, Fatiha, Bierlarski, Trevor, Boeglin, Werner, Camsonne, Alexandre, Canan, Mustafa, Carter, Philip, Cates, Gordon, Chen, Chunhua, Chen, Jian-Ping, Hen, O., Cusanno, Francesco, Dalton, Mark, De Leo, Raffaele, De Jager, Cornelis, Deconinck, Wouter, Decowski, Piotr, Deng, Xiaoyan, Deur, Alexandre, Dutta, Dipangkar, Etile, Asenath, Flay, David, Franklin, Gregg, Friend, Megan, Frullani, Salvatore, Fuchey, Eric, Garibaldi, Franco, Gasser, Estelle, Gilman, Ronald, Guisa, Antonio, Glamazdin, Oleksandr, Gomez, Javier, Grames, Joseph, Gu, Chao, Hansen, Jens-Ole, Hansknecht, John, Higinbotham, Douglas, Holmes, Richard, Holmstrom, Timothy, Horowitz, Charles, Hoskins, Joshua, Huang, Jin, Hyde, Charles, Itard, Florian, Jen, Chun-Min, Jensen, Eric, Jin, Ge, Johnston, Sereres, Kelleher, Aidan, Kliakhandler, Konstantin, King, Paul, Kowalski, Stanley, Kumar, Krishna, Leacock, John, Leckey, John, Lee, Jeong Han, LeRose, John, Lindgren, Richard, Liyanage, Nilanga, Lubinsky, Nicholas, Mammei, Juliette, Mammoliti, Francesco, Margaziotis, Demetrius, Markowitz, Pete, McCreary, Amber, McNulty, Dustin, Mercado, Luis, Meziani, Zein-Eddine, Michaels, Robert, Mihovilovic, Miha, Muangma, Navaphon, Munoz Camacho, Carlos, Nanda, Sirish, Nelyubin, Vladimir, Nuruzzaman, ., Oh, Yongseok, Palmer, Alvin, Parno, Diana, Paschke, Kent, Phillips, Sarah, Poelker, Benard, Pomatsalyuk, Roman, Posik, Matthew, Puckett, Andrew, Quinn, Brian, Rakhman, A., Reimer, Paul, Riordan, Seamus, Rogan, Patrick, Ron, Guy, Russo, Guiseppe, Saenboonruang, Kiadtisak, Saha, Arunava, Sawatzky, Bradley, Shahinyan, Albert, Silwal, Rupesh, Sirca, Simon, Slifer, Karl, Solvignon-Slifer, Patricia, Souder, Paul, Leda Sperduto, Maria, Subedi, Ramesh, Suleiman, Riad, Sulkosky, Vincent, Sutera, Concetta, Tobias, William, Troth, Wolfgang, Urciuoli, Guido, Buddhini Waidyawansa, Dinayadura, Wang, Diancheng, Wexler, Jonathan, Wilson, Richard, Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan, Yan, Xinhu, Yao, Huan, Ye, Yunxiu, Ye, Zhiohong, Yim, Vireak, Zana, Lorenzo, Zhan, Xiaohui, Zhang, Jixie, Zhang, Y., Zheng, Xiaochao, & Zhu, Pengjia. Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering. United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.112502
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Abrahamyan, Sergey, Albataineh, Hisham, Aniol, Konrad, Armstrong, David, Armstrong, Whitney, Averett, Todd, Babineau, Benjamin, Barbieri, A., Bellini, Vincenzo, Beminiwattha, Rakitha, Benesch, Jay, Benmokhtar, Fatiha, Bierlarski, Trevor, Boeglin, Werner, Camsonne, Alexandre, Canan, Mustafa, Carter, Philip, Cates, Gordon, Chen, Chunhua, Chen, Jian-Ping, Hen, O., Cusanno, Francesco, Dalton, Mark, De Leo, Raffaele, De Jager, Cornelis, Deconinck, Wouter, Decowski, Piotr, Deng, Xiaoyan, Deur, Alexandre, Dutta, Dipangkar, Etile, Asenath, Flay, David, Franklin, Gregg, Friend, Megan, Frullani, Salvatore, Fuchey, Eric, Garibaldi, Franco, Gasser, Estelle, Gilman, Ronald, Guisa, Antonio, Glamazdin, Oleksandr, Gomez, Javier, Grames, Joseph, Gu, Chao, Hansen, Jens-Ole, Hansknecht, John, Higinbotham, Douglas, Holmes, Richard, Holmstrom, Timothy, Horowitz, Charles, Hoskins, Joshua, Huang, Jin, Hyde, Charles, Itard, Florian, Jen, Chun-Min, Jensen, Eric, Jin, Ge, Johnston, Sereres, Kelleher, Aidan, Kliakhandler, Konstantin, King, Paul, Kowalski, Stanley, Kumar, Krishna, Leacock, John, Leckey, John, Lee, Jeong Han, LeRose, John, Lindgren, Richard, Liyanage, Nilanga, Lubinsky, Nicholas, Mammei, Juliette, Mammoliti, Francesco, Margaziotis, Demetrius, Markowitz, Pete, McCreary, Amber, McNulty, Dustin, Mercado, Luis, Meziani, Zein-Eddine, Michaels, Robert, Mihovilovic, Miha, Muangma, Navaphon, Munoz Camacho, Carlos, Nanda, Sirish, Nelyubin, Vladimir, Nuruzzaman, ., Oh, Yongseok, Palmer, Alvin, Parno, Diana, Paschke, Kent, Phillips, Sarah, Poelker, Benard, Pomatsalyuk, Roman, Posik, Matthew, Puckett, Andrew, Quinn, Brian, Rakhman, A., Reimer, Paul, Riordan, Seamus, Rogan, Patrick, Ron, Guy, Russo, Guiseppe, Saenboonruang, Kiadtisak, Saha, Arunava, Sawatzky, Bradley, Shahinyan, Albert, Silwal, Rupesh, Sirca, Simon, Slifer, Karl, Solvignon-Slifer, Patricia, Souder, Paul, Leda Sperduto, Maria, Subedi, Ramesh, Suleiman, Riad, Sulkosky, Vincent, Sutera, Concetta, Tobias, William, Troth, Wolfgang, Urciuoli, Guido, Buddhini Waidyawansa, Dinayadura, Wang, Diancheng, Wexler, Jonathan, Wilson, Richard, Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan, Yan, Xinhu, Yao, Huan, Ye, Yunxiu, Ye, Zhiohong, Yim, Vireak, Zana, Lorenzo, Zhan, Xiaohui, Zhang, Jixie, Zhang, Y., Zheng, Xiaochao, and Zhu, Pengjia. Thu . "Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering". United States. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.112502. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1038248.
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@article{osti_1038248,
title = {Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering},
author = {Abrahamyan, Sergey and Albataineh, Hisham and Aniol, Konrad and Armstrong, David and Armstrong, Whitney and Averett, Todd and Babineau, Benjamin and Barbieri, A. and Bellini, Vincenzo and Beminiwattha, Rakitha and Benesch, Jay and Benmokhtar, Fatiha and Bierlarski, Trevor and Boeglin, Werner and Camsonne, Alexandre and Canan, Mustafa and Carter, Philip and Cates, Gordon and Chen, Chunhua and Chen, Jian-Ping and Hen, O. and Cusanno, Francesco and Dalton, Mark and De Leo, Raffaele and De Jager, Cornelis and Deconinck, Wouter and Decowski, Piotr and Deng, Xiaoyan and Deur, Alexandre and Dutta, Dipangkar and Etile, Asenath and Flay, David and Franklin, Gregg and Friend, Megan and Frullani, Salvatore and Fuchey, Eric and Garibaldi, Franco and Gasser, Estelle and Gilman, Ronald and Guisa, Antonio and Glamazdin, Oleksandr and Gomez, Javier and Grames, Joseph and Gu, Chao and Hansen, Jens-Ole and Hansknecht, John and Higinbotham, Douglas and Holmes, Richard and Holmstrom, Timothy and Horowitz, Charles and Hoskins, Joshua and Huang, Jin and Hyde, Charles and Itard, Florian and Jen, Chun-Min and Jensen, Eric and Jin, Ge and Johnston, Sereres and Kelleher, Aidan and Kliakhandler, Konstantin and King, Paul and Kowalski, Stanley and Kumar, Krishna and Leacock, John and Leckey, John and Lee, Jeong Han and LeRose, John and Lindgren, Richard and Liyanage, Nilanga and Lubinsky, Nicholas and Mammei, Juliette and Mammoliti, Francesco and Margaziotis, Demetrius and Markowitz, Pete and McCreary, Amber and McNulty, Dustin and Mercado, Luis and Meziani, Zein-Eddine and Michaels, Robert and Mihovilovic, Miha and Muangma, Navaphon and Munoz Camacho, Carlos and Nanda, Sirish and Nelyubin, Vladimir and Nuruzzaman, . and Oh, Yongseok and Palmer, Alvin and Parno, Diana and Paschke, Kent and Phillips, Sarah and Poelker, Benard and Pomatsalyuk, Roman and Posik, Matthew and Puckett, Andrew and Quinn, Brian and Rakhman, A. and Reimer, Paul and Riordan, Seamus and Rogan, Patrick and Ron, Guy and Russo, Guiseppe and Saenboonruang, Kiadtisak and Saha, Arunava and Sawatzky, Bradley and Shahinyan, Albert and Silwal, Rupesh and Sirca, Simon and Slifer, Karl and Solvignon-Slifer, Patricia and Souder, Paul and Leda Sperduto, Maria and Subedi, Ramesh and Suleiman, Riad and Sulkosky, Vincent and Sutera, Concetta and Tobias, William and Troth, Wolfgang and Urciuoli, Guido and Buddhini Waidyawansa, Dinayadura and Wang, Diancheng and Wexler, Jonathan and Wilson, Richard and Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan and Yan, Xinhu and Yao, Huan and Ye, Yunxiu and Ye, Zhiohong and Yim, Vireak and Zana, Lorenzo and Zhan, Xiaohui and Zhang, Jixie and Zhang, Y. and Zheng, Xiaochao and Zhu, Pengjia},
abstractNote = {We report the first measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry APV in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from 208Pb. APV is sensitive to the radius of the neutron distribution (Rn). The result APV = 0.656 ± 0.060 (stat) ± 0.013 (syst) corresponds to a difference between the radii of the neutron and proton distributions Rn-Rp = 0.33-0.18+0.16 fm and provides the first electroweak observation of the neutron skin which is expected in a heavy, neutron-rich nucleus.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.112502},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = 11,
volume = 108,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2012},
month = {Thu Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2012}
}
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    • DOI: 10.3103/s0027134917010040

    Hyperonic Stars and the Nuclear Symmetry Energy
    journal, March 2019

    • Providência, Constança; Fortin, Morgane; Pais, Helena
    • Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, Vol. 6
    • DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2019.00013

    Symmetry Parameter Constraints from a Lower Bound on Neutron-matter Energy
    journal, October 2017

    • Tews, Ingo; Lattimer, James M.; Ohnishi, Akira
    • The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2
    • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8db9

    Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars
    text, January 2017

    The effect of isoscalar-isovector coupling in infinite nuclear matter
    conference, January 2013

    • Singh, S. K.; Bhuyan, M.; Panda, P. K.
    • INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS-2012: ICRTNP-2012, AIP Conference Proceedings
    • DOI: 10.1063/1.4801681

    Imprints of the nuclear symmetry energy on the tidal deformability of neutron stars
    journal, May 2019

    • Krastev, Plamen G.; Li, Bao-An
    • Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 7
    • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/ab1a7a

    Signatures for quark matter from multi-messenger observations
    journal, October 2019

    • Alford, Mark G.; Han, Sophia; Schwenzer, Kai
    • Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 11
    • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/ab337a

    Neutrino Charge Radii from Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
    conference, November 2021

    • Cadeddu, Matteo; Giunti, Carlo; Kouzakov, Konstantin A.
    • Nineteenth Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Particle Physics at the Year of 150th Anniversary of the Mendeleev's Periodic Table of Chemical Elements
    • DOI: 10.1142/9789811233913_0013

    A systematic study of the ground state properties of W, Os and Pt isotopes using HFB theory
    journal, October 2019

    Average CsI neutron density distribution from COHERENT data
    conference, December 2019

    • Cadeddu, Matteo; Giunti, Carlo; Li, Yufeng
    • Proceedings of The 20th International Workshop on Neutrinos — PoS(NuFACT2018)
    • DOI: 10.22323/1.341.0144

    New Measurements of the Transverse Beam Asymmetry for Elastic Electron Scattering from Selected Nuclei
    text, January 2012

    Energy density functional for nuclei and neutron stars
    text, January 2012

    Flow probe of symmetry energy in relativistic heavy-ion reactions
    text, January 2013

    Relativistic Effects and Three-Nucleon Forces in Nuclear Matter and Nuclei
    text, January 2016

    Symmetry Parameter Constraints From A Lower Bound On The Neutron-Matter Energy
    text, January 2016

    Quantum Nuclear Pasta and Nuclear Symmetry Energy
    text, January 2017

    The equation of state for dense nucleonic matter from a metamodeling. I. Foundational aspects
    text, January 2017

    Search for New Physics with Atoms and Molecules
    text, January 2017

    Average CsI neutron density distribution from COHERENT data
    text, January 2017

    Neutron star universal relations with microscopic equations of state
    text, January 2018

    Neutrino Charge Radii from COHERENT Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
    text, January 2018

    Constraining compact star properties with nuclear saturation parameters
    text, January 2019

    Neutron skins of atomic nuclei: per aspera ad astra
    text, January 2019

    Electroweak probes of ground state densities
    text, January 2019

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