Contribution of atom-probe tomography to a better understanding of glass alteration mechanisms: Application to a nuclear glass specimen altered 25 years in a granitic environment
Abstract
Here, we report and discuss results of atom probe tomography (APT) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) applied to a borosilicate glass sample of nuclear interest altered for nearly 26 years at 90°C in a confined granitic medium in order to better understand the rate-limiting mechanisms under conditions representative of a deep geological repository for vitrified radioactive waste. The APT technique allows the 3D reconstruction of the elemental distribution at the reactive interphase with sub-nanometer precision. Profiles of the B distribution at pristine glass/hydrated glass interface obtained by different techniques are compared to show the challenge of accurate measurements of diffusion profiles at this buried interface on the nanometer length scale. Our results show that 1) Alkali from the glass and hydrogen from the solution exhibit anti-correlated 15 ± 3 nm wide gradients located between the pristine glass and the hydrated glass layer, 2) boron exhibits an unexpectedly sharp profile located just at the outside of the alkali/H interdiffusion layer; this sharp profile is more consistent with a dissolution front than a diffusion-controlled release of boron. The resulting apparent diffusion coefficients derived from the Li and H profiles are DLi = 1.5 × 10-22 m2.s-1 and DH = 6.8 ×more »
- Authors:
-
- CEA Marcoule DTCD SECM LCLT, Bagnols-sur-Ceze (France)
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Aix-Marseille Universite, CP2M, Marseille (France)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab. (EMSL)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1097327
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-92809
Journal ID: ISSN 0009-2541; 47580; 46403; 42495; AF5805000; TRN: US1400334
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Chemical Geology
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 349-350; Journal ID: ISSN 0009-2541
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory; nuclear glass; atom probe tomography; interdiffusion; alteration layers; long-term rate
Citation Formats
Gin, Stephane, Ryan, Joseph V., Schreiber, Daniel K., Neeway, James J., and Cabie, M. Contribution of atom-probe tomography to a better understanding of glass alteration mechanisms: Application to a nuclear glass specimen altered 25 years in a granitic environment. United States: N. p., 2013.
Web. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.04.001.
Gin, Stephane, Ryan, Joseph V., Schreiber, Daniel K., Neeway, James J., & Cabie, M. Contribution of atom-probe tomography to a better understanding of glass alteration mechanisms: Application to a nuclear glass specimen altered 25 years in a granitic environment. United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.04.001
Gin, Stephane, Ryan, Joseph V., Schreiber, Daniel K., Neeway, James J., and Cabie, M. Mon .
"Contribution of atom-probe tomography to a better understanding of glass alteration mechanisms: Application to a nuclear glass specimen altered 25 years in a granitic environment". United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.04.001. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1097327.
@article{osti_1097327,
title = {Contribution of atom-probe tomography to a better understanding of glass alteration mechanisms: Application to a nuclear glass specimen altered 25 years in a granitic environment},
author = {Gin, Stephane and Ryan, Joseph V. and Schreiber, Daniel K. and Neeway, James J. and Cabie, M.},
abstractNote = {Here, we report and discuss results of atom probe tomography (APT) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) applied to a borosilicate glass sample of nuclear interest altered for nearly 26 years at 90°C in a confined granitic medium in order to better understand the rate-limiting mechanisms under conditions representative of a deep geological repository for vitrified radioactive waste. The APT technique allows the 3D reconstruction of the elemental distribution at the reactive interphase with sub-nanometer precision. Profiles of the B distribution at pristine glass/hydrated glass interface obtained by different techniques are compared to show the challenge of accurate measurements of diffusion profiles at this buried interface on the nanometer length scale. Our results show that 1) Alkali from the glass and hydrogen from the solution exhibit anti-correlated 15 ± 3 nm wide gradients located between the pristine glass and the hydrated glass layer, 2) boron exhibits an unexpectedly sharp profile located just at the outside of the alkali/H interdiffusion layer; this sharp profile is more consistent with a dissolution front than a diffusion-controlled release of boron. The resulting apparent diffusion coefficients derived from the Li and H profiles are DLi = 1.5 × 10-22 m2.s-1 and DH = 6.8 × 10-23 m2.s-1. These values are around two orders of magnitude lower than those observed at the very beginning of the alteration process, which suggests that interdiffusion is slowed at high reaction progress by local conditions that could be related to the porous structure of the interphase. As a result, the accessibility of water to the pristine glass could be the rate-limiting step in these conditions. More generally, these findings strongly support the importance of interdiffusion coupled with hydrolysis reactions of the silicate network on the long-term dissolution rate, contrary to what has been suggested by recent interfacial dissolution-precipitation models for silicate minerals.},
doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.04.001},
journal = {Chemical Geology},
number = ,
volume = 349-350,
place = {United States},
year = {2013},
month = {4}
}
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