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Title:
ARTICLE, DETERMINATION OF INTERNALLY DEPOSITED RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES FROM EXCRETION ANALYSES
Author(s):
LANGHAM, W [LOS ALAMOS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY]
Subject Terms:
HREX; ANIMALS; BODY BURDEN; DOSE CALCULATIONS; EXCRETION; HUMANS; INTERNAL IRRADIATION; PLUTONIUM INJECTION EXPERIMENT; RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTION; RADIATION PROTECTION; RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES; REGULATIONS; RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; RETENTION; STATISTICS; TISSUE ANALYSIS
Document Location:
Location - DOE/NNSA NUCLEAR TESTING ARCHIVE Address - P.O. Box 98521 City - Las Vegas State - NV Zip - 89193-8521 Phone - (702)794-5106 Fax - (702)862-4240 Email - NTA@NV.DOE.GOV
Document Type:
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Publication Date:
Declassification Status:
Never classified
Document Pages:
0014
Accession Number:
NV0700122
Originating Research Org.:
LOS ALAMOS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY
OpenNet Entry Date:
1994 Aug 27
OpenNet Modified Date:
2012 May 14
Description/Abstract:
THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT IS TO DETERMINE INTERNALLY DEPOSITED RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES FROM EXCRETION ANALYSIS. PLUTONIUM IS A MATERIAL FOR WHICH THE RATE OF URINARY AND FECAL EXCRETION CONTINUES TO CHANGE WITH TIME. DATA SHOW THAT ABOUT 0.8 PERCENT OF THE INTRAVENOUSLY INJECTED DOSE WAS EXCRETED ON THE FIRST DAY, BUT THE RATE OF EXCRETION CHANGES OVER TIME. THE STUDY SUGGESTS THAT ABOUT 200 YEARS MAY BE REQUIRED FOR MAN TO ELIMINATE ONE HALF OF HIS BODY BURDEN (ISOTOPES). STUDIES WERE REPORTED BY NORRIS, SPECKMAN AND GUSTAFSON. THEY MEASURED THE AMOUNT OF RADIUM ADMINISTERED AND RETAINED BY PATIENTS IN THE ELGIN STATE HOSPITAL, ELGIN, ILLINOIS. A STUDY OF EXCRETION THROUGH THE LUNGS SHOWED THAT WHEN PARTICLES ARE INHALED, 25 PERCENT ARE EXHALED AND NO DEPOSITION OCCURS. 50 PERCENT ARE DEPOSITED IN THE UPPER BRONCHIAL TREE AND ARE EXCRETED BY CILIARY ACTION AND SWALLOWED. THE HALF-TIME OF THESE PARTICLES IS ROUGHLY 20 DAYS. THE REMAINING 25 PERCENT OF PARTICLES REMAINING IN THE LUNG ARE ASSUMED TO BE DEPOSITED ON THE ALVEOLAR SURFACES.