Abstract
Bulrush and cattail were grown in a growth chamber in several trays and supported in clean gravel. The aquatic plants were fed with untreated raw sewage and periodic samples were taken from all trays and analyzed for P, total Kjeldahn-N, nitrate-N, and C. The reduction in the nutrient concentration was compared with that in the control trays with similar gravel beds but without plants. In addition, hydroponic experiments were done to isolate the effect of plants alone with suitable controls. Six separate runs with raw sewage were completed and the performance of aquatic plants was evaluated and compared with that of the controls. Both species reduced the P and N levels by about 97% in 12 to 18 d. The initial levels in the raw sewage ranged from 8 to 19 ppM for P, and from about 26 to 34 ppM for total Kjeldahl-N. The control tray with only the gravel bed and sewage absorbed the nutrients in initial runs, but the level of nutrients increased in later runs. The plants showed a high but slow reduction in the first 2 runs, due to the physiological shock, and later showed high absorption rates and rapid growth rates. Biomass production was
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Citation Formats
Lakshman, G.
Ecosystem approach to the treatment of agricultural, municipal, and industrial effluents.
United Kingdom: N. p.,
1977.
Web.
Lakshman, G.
Ecosystem approach to the treatment of agricultural, municipal, and industrial effluents.
United Kingdom.
Lakshman, G.
1977.
"Ecosystem approach to the treatment of agricultural, municipal, and industrial effluents."
United Kingdom.
@misc{etde_6818124,
title = {Ecosystem approach to the treatment of agricultural, municipal, and industrial effluents}
author = {Lakshman, G}
abstractNote = {Bulrush and cattail were grown in a growth chamber in several trays and supported in clean gravel. The aquatic plants were fed with untreated raw sewage and periodic samples were taken from all trays and analyzed for P, total Kjeldahn-N, nitrate-N, and C. The reduction in the nutrient concentration was compared with that in the control trays with similar gravel beds but without plants. In addition, hydroponic experiments were done to isolate the effect of plants alone with suitable controls. Six separate runs with raw sewage were completed and the performance of aquatic plants was evaluated and compared with that of the controls. Both species reduced the P and N levels by about 97% in 12 to 18 d. The initial levels in the raw sewage ranged from 8 to 19 ppM for P, and from about 26 to 34 ppM for total Kjeldahl-N. The control tray with only the gravel bed and sewage absorbed the nutrients in initial runs, but the level of nutrients increased in later runs. The plants showed a high but slow reduction in the first 2 runs, due to the physiological shock, and later showed high absorption rates and rapid growth rates. Biomass production was high in both species during the high absorption periods. In vitro digestibility analyses of the harvested biomass showed a high level of crude protein and digestible organic matter comparable to the maximum levels obtainable from alfalfa and treated straw as livestock feeds.}
journal = []
volume = {115:4}
journal type = {AC}
place = {United Kingdom}
year = {1977}
month = {Apr}
}
title = {Ecosystem approach to the treatment of agricultural, municipal, and industrial effluents}
author = {Lakshman, G}
abstractNote = {Bulrush and cattail were grown in a growth chamber in several trays and supported in clean gravel. The aquatic plants were fed with untreated raw sewage and periodic samples were taken from all trays and analyzed for P, total Kjeldahn-N, nitrate-N, and C. The reduction in the nutrient concentration was compared with that in the control trays with similar gravel beds but without plants. In addition, hydroponic experiments were done to isolate the effect of plants alone with suitable controls. Six separate runs with raw sewage were completed and the performance of aquatic plants was evaluated and compared with that of the controls. Both species reduced the P and N levels by about 97% in 12 to 18 d. The initial levels in the raw sewage ranged from 8 to 19 ppM for P, and from about 26 to 34 ppM for total Kjeldahl-N. The control tray with only the gravel bed and sewage absorbed the nutrients in initial runs, but the level of nutrients increased in later runs. The plants showed a high but slow reduction in the first 2 runs, due to the physiological shock, and later showed high absorption rates and rapid growth rates. Biomass production was high in both species during the high absorption periods. In vitro digestibility analyses of the harvested biomass showed a high level of crude protein and digestible organic matter comparable to the maximum levels obtainable from alfalfa and treated straw as livestock feeds.}
journal = []
volume = {115:4}
journal type = {AC}
place = {United Kingdom}
year = {1977}
month = {Apr}
}