Abstract
Background: There is scarce evidence about passive exposure to the vapour released or exhaled from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) under real conditions. The aim of this study is to characterise passive exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes' vapour and conventional cigarettes' smoke at home among non-smokers under real-use conditions. Methods: We conducted an observational study with 54 non-smoker volunteers from different homes: 25 living at home with conventional smokers, 5 living with nicotine e-cigarette users, and 24 from control homes (not using conventional cigarettes neither e-cigarettes). We measured airborne nicotine at home and biomarkers (cotinine in saliva and urine). We calculated geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD). We also performed ANOVA and Student's t tests for the log-transformed data. We used Bonferroni-corrected t-tests to control the family error rate for multiple comparisons at 5%. Results: The GMs of airborne nicotine were 0.74 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=4.05) in the smokers’ homes, 0.13 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=2.4) in the e-cigarettes users’ homes, and 0.02 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=3.51) in the control homes. The GMs of salivary cotinine were 0.38 ng/ml (GSD=2.34) in the smokers’ homes, 0.19 ng/ml (GSD=2.17) in the e-cigarettes users’ homes, and 0.07 ng/ml (GSD=1.79) in the control homes. Salivary cotinine concentrations of
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Ballbè, Montse;
[1]
Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain);
Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain);
Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Barcelona (Spain);
Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)];
Martínez-Sánchez, Jose M., E-mail: jmmartinez@iconcologia.net [Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain);
Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain);
Biostatistics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)];
Sureda, Xisca;
Fu, Marcela;
[1]
Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain);
Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)];
others, and
- Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain)
Citation Formats
Ballbè, Montse, Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], Martínez-Sánchez, Jose M., E-mail: jmmartinez@iconcologia.net [Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Biostatistics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)], Sureda, Xisca, Fu, Marcela, Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], and others, and.
Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers.
United States: N. p.,
2014.
Web.
doi:10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.005.
Ballbè, Montse, Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], Martínez-Sánchez, Jose M., E-mail: jmmartinez@iconcologia.net [Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Biostatistics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)], Sureda, Xisca, Fu, Marcela, Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], & others, and.
Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers.
United States.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.005
Ballbè, Montse, Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], Martínez-Sánchez, Jose M., E-mail: jmmartinez@iconcologia.net [Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Biostatistics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)], Sureda, Xisca, Fu, Marcela, Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], and others, and.
2014.
"Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers."
United States.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.005.
@misc{etde_22447555,
title = {Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers}
author = {Ballbè, Montse, Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], Martínez-Sánchez, Jose M., E-mail: jmmartinez@iconcologia.net [Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Biostatistics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)], Sureda, Xisca, Fu, Marcela, Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], and others, and}
abstractNote = {Background: There is scarce evidence about passive exposure to the vapour released or exhaled from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) under real conditions. The aim of this study is to characterise passive exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes' vapour and conventional cigarettes' smoke at home among non-smokers under real-use conditions. Methods: We conducted an observational study with 54 non-smoker volunteers from different homes: 25 living at home with conventional smokers, 5 living with nicotine e-cigarette users, and 24 from control homes (not using conventional cigarettes neither e-cigarettes). We measured airborne nicotine at home and biomarkers (cotinine in saliva and urine). We calculated geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD). We also performed ANOVA and Student's t tests for the log-transformed data. We used Bonferroni-corrected t-tests to control the family error rate for multiple comparisons at 5%. Results: The GMs of airborne nicotine were 0.74 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=4.05) in the smokers’ homes, 0.13 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=2.4) in the e-cigarettes users’ homes, and 0.02 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=3.51) in the control homes. The GMs of salivary cotinine were 0.38 ng/ml (GSD=2.34) in the smokers’ homes, 0.19 ng/ml (GSD=2.17) in the e-cigarettes users’ homes, and 0.07 ng/ml (GSD=1.79) in the control homes. Salivary cotinine concentrations of the non-smokers exposed to e-cigarette's vapour at home (all exposed ≥2 h/day) were statistically significant different that those found in non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke ≥2 h/day and in non-smokers from control homes. Conclusions: The airborne markers were statistically higher in conventional cigarette homes than in e-cigarettes homes (5.7 times higher). However, concentrations of both biomarkers among non-smokers exposed to conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes’ vapour were statistically similar (only 2 and 1.4 times higher, respectively). The levels of airborne nicotine and cotinine concentrations in the homes with e-cigarette users were higher than control homes (differences statistically significant). Our results show that non-smokers passively exposed to e-cigarettes absorb nicotine. - Highlights: • This is the first study of e-cigarette exposure at home under real-use conditions. • Airborne nicotine in homes with smokers were 5.7 times higher than in e-cig homes. • Cotinine of non-smokers exposed to e-cig and conventional cigarettes was similar. • Airborne nicotine in homes with e-cig users was higher than control homes. • Cotinine of non-smokers exposed to e-cig users was higher than in those no exposed.}
doi = {10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.005}
journal = []
volume = {135}
journal type = {AC}
place = {United States}
year = {2014}
month = {Nov}
}
title = {Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers}
author = {Ballbè, Montse, Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona – IDIBAPS, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], Martínez-Sánchez, Jose M., E-mail: jmmartinez@iconcologia.net [Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Biostatistics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain)], Sureda, Xisca, Fu, Marcela, Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain), Department of Clinical Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona (Spain)], and others, and}
abstractNote = {Background: There is scarce evidence about passive exposure to the vapour released or exhaled from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) under real conditions. The aim of this study is to characterise passive exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes' vapour and conventional cigarettes' smoke at home among non-smokers under real-use conditions. Methods: We conducted an observational study with 54 non-smoker volunteers from different homes: 25 living at home with conventional smokers, 5 living with nicotine e-cigarette users, and 24 from control homes (not using conventional cigarettes neither e-cigarettes). We measured airborne nicotine at home and biomarkers (cotinine in saliva and urine). We calculated geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD). We also performed ANOVA and Student's t tests for the log-transformed data. We used Bonferroni-corrected t-tests to control the family error rate for multiple comparisons at 5%. Results: The GMs of airborne nicotine were 0.74 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=4.05) in the smokers’ homes, 0.13 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=2.4) in the e-cigarettes users’ homes, and 0.02 μg/m{sup 3} (GSD=3.51) in the control homes. The GMs of salivary cotinine were 0.38 ng/ml (GSD=2.34) in the smokers’ homes, 0.19 ng/ml (GSD=2.17) in the e-cigarettes users’ homes, and 0.07 ng/ml (GSD=1.79) in the control homes. Salivary cotinine concentrations of the non-smokers exposed to e-cigarette's vapour at home (all exposed ≥2 h/day) were statistically significant different that those found in non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke ≥2 h/day and in non-smokers from control homes. Conclusions: The airborne markers were statistically higher in conventional cigarette homes than in e-cigarettes homes (5.7 times higher). However, concentrations of both biomarkers among non-smokers exposed to conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes’ vapour were statistically similar (only 2 and 1.4 times higher, respectively). The levels of airborne nicotine and cotinine concentrations in the homes with e-cigarette users were higher than control homes (differences statistically significant). Our results show that non-smokers passively exposed to e-cigarettes absorb nicotine. - Highlights: • This is the first study of e-cigarette exposure at home under real-use conditions. • Airborne nicotine in homes with smokers were 5.7 times higher than in e-cig homes. • Cotinine of non-smokers exposed to e-cig and conventional cigarettes was similar. • Airborne nicotine in homes with e-cig users was higher than control homes. • Cotinine of non-smokers exposed to e-cig users was higher than in those no exposed.}
doi = {10.1016/J.ENVRES.2014.09.005}
journal = []
volume = {135}
journal type = {AC}
place = {United States}
year = {2014}
month = {Nov}
}