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Assessment of the Total Body Burden of Caesium-137 in Humans by the Analysis of Blood; Determination de la Charge Corporelle de Cesium 137 chez l'Homme, par Analyse Du Sang; 041e 041f 0420 0415 0414 ; Evaluacion de la Carga Corporal Total de Cesio-137 en el Hombre por Analisis de Sangre

Abstract

Analysis of post-mortem samples for caesium-137 has been carried on in Japan because whole-body counters are limited in number and not mobile, making the assessment of the population mean levels inconvenient. However, the collection of muscles from autopsies throughout the country is complicated and inconvenient in that a sample should be taken immediately after death. Considering that only such data as are useful for the assessment of the mean levels of caesium-137 in people are required and it is unnecessary to know individual values, the composite samples of as many individuals as possible would be enough for the analysis. For this purpose, whole blood samples were considered as the best substitute for muscles, as the blood collection system covers the whole country, including 47 licensed blood banks and about 100 hospitals. Sampling inspection is made continuously of citrated whole blood at the National Institute of Health, Tokyo, where about 500 ampoules are checked, representing more than three million donors throughout the country per year. Less than half the blood in an ampoule was consumed for inspection and the remaining half was stocked to make a composite for the determination of caesium-137 level. Blood ashes were analysed for the stable caesium  More>>
Authors:
Yamagata, N. [1] 
  1. Institute of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan)
Publication Date:
Nov 15, 1964
Product Type:
Conference
Report Number:
IAEA-SM-52/3
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on the Assessment of Radioactive Body Burdens, Heidelberg (Germany), 11-16 May 1964; Other Information: 4 refs., 3 tabs., 1 fig.; Related Information: In: Assessment of Radioactivity in Man. Vol. II. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Assessment of Radioactive Body Burdens| 671 p.
Subject:
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; AUTOPSY; BLOOD; BODY BURDEN; CESIUM; CESIUM 137; CITRATES; CONCENTRATION RATIO; HOSPITALS; INSPECTION; MUSCLES; RADIATION DOSES; RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS; SAMPLING; WHOLE-BODY COUNTERS
OSTI ID:
22200036
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); International Labour Organisation, Geneva (Switzerland); World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Contract Number:
Contract IAEA 140/R1/RB
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13M3242020859
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 41-47
Announcement Date:
Feb 27, 2014

Citation Formats

Yamagata, N. Assessment of the Total Body Burden of Caesium-137 in Humans by the Analysis of Blood; Determination de la Charge Corporelle de Cesium 137 chez l'Homme, par Analyse Du Sang; 041e 041f 0420 0415 0414 ; Evaluacion de la Carga Corporal Total de Cesio-137 en el Hombre por Analisis de Sangre. IAEA: N. p., 1964. Web.
Yamagata, N. Assessment of the Total Body Burden of Caesium-137 in Humans by the Analysis of Blood; Determination de la Charge Corporelle de Cesium 137 chez l'Homme, par Analyse Du Sang; 041e 041f 0420 0415 0414 ; Evaluacion de la Carga Corporal Total de Cesio-137 en el Hombre por Analisis de Sangre. IAEA.
Yamagata, N. 1964. "Assessment of the Total Body Burden of Caesium-137 in Humans by the Analysis of Blood; Determination de la Charge Corporelle de Cesium 137 chez l'Homme, par Analyse Du Sang; 041e 041f 0420 0415 0414 ; Evaluacion de la Carga Corporal Total de Cesio-137 en el Hombre por Analisis de Sangre." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22200036,
title = {Assessment of the Total Body Burden of Caesium-137 in Humans by the Analysis of Blood; Determination de la Charge Corporelle de Cesium 137 chez l'Homme, par Analyse Du Sang; 041e 041f 0420 0415 0414 ; Evaluacion de la Carga Corporal Total de Cesio-137 en el Hombre por Analisis de Sangre}
author = {Yamagata, N.}
abstractNote = {Analysis of post-mortem samples for caesium-137 has been carried on in Japan because whole-body counters are limited in number and not mobile, making the assessment of the population mean levels inconvenient. However, the collection of muscles from autopsies throughout the country is complicated and inconvenient in that a sample should be taken immediately after death. Considering that only such data as are useful for the assessment of the mean levels of caesium-137 in people are required and it is unnecessary to know individual values, the composite samples of as many individuals as possible would be enough for the analysis. For this purpose, whole blood samples were considered as the best substitute for muscles, as the blood collection system covers the whole country, including 47 licensed blood banks and about 100 hospitals. Sampling inspection is made continuously of citrated whole blood at the National Institute of Health, Tokyo, where about 500 ampoules are checked, representing more than three million donors throughout the country per year. Less than half the blood in an ampoule was consumed for inspection and the remaining half was stocked to make a composite for the determination of caesium-137 level. Blood ashes were analysed for the stable caesium content by a neutron activation method. The results afforded the relation between the concentration in the whole blood and the total body amount (1.4 mg for 70 kg man) and this relation would be identical to that for caesium-137 in an equilibrium condition. The results of blood analysis for caesium-137 obtained since June 1963 were compared with those of muscle analyses made during the same period. Good agreement was observed and the blood analysis was found to be the best means for assessing the total body burden of caesium-137 in a population. (author) [French] Au Japon, on a dose le cesium 137 d'echantillons de tissus musculaires preleves au cours d'autopsies, car il n'y a qu'un petit nombre d'anthropogammametres et ceux-ci sont des appareils fixes; dans ces conditions, il n'est pas facile de determiner la charge moyenne pour une population. Toutefois, la collecte de tissus musculaires ainsi preleves est une operation compliquee, en outre, cette methode n'est pas satisfaisante, car il faudrait en realite posseder des echantillons preleves immediatement apres la mort. Etant donne que l'on a seulement besoin de donnees susceptibles d'etre utilisees pour determiner la charge moyenne de cesium 137 pour une population donnee et qu'il n'est pas necessaire de connaitre les valeurs individuelles, il suffit d'avoir des echantillons globaux provenant du plus grand nombre possible d'individus. Aussi a-t-on pense que des echantillons de sang pur pourraient remplacer le mieux les tissus musculaires, parce qu'il existe deja un reseau de ramassage du sang, ramife dans tout le Japon (notamment 47 banques du sang autorisees et une centaine d'hopitaux). On procede deja, a l'Institut national de la sante, de Tokyo, a des enquetes par sondages pour verifier les caracteristiques du sang citrate. Environ 500 ampoules sont examinees chaque annee; cet echantillon represente plus de trois millions de donneurs repartis dans l'ensemble du pays. Pour cette verification, on n'utilise que la moitie du contenu des ampoules et on met en stock l'autre moitie pour qu'elle serve a preparer un echantillon global en vue de la determination de la charge moyenne de cesium 137, Le sang etant incinere, on dose le cesium stable contenu dans les cendres par une methode d'activation par les neutrons. Des resultats, on deduit le rapport entre la concentration de cette substance dans le sang pur et la quantite totale contenue dans le corps (1,4 mg pour un homme de 70 kg). Ce chiffre sera le meme que pour le cesium 137 dans des conditions d'equilibre. On a compare les resultats obtenus depuis juin 1963 par cette methode avec les resultats trouves par l'analyse de tissus musculaires pendant la meme periode. On a constate une bonne concordance. On peut en conclure que l'analyse du sang constitue le meilleur moyen d'evaluer la charge corporelle de cesium 137 pour une population donnee. (author) [Spanish] En el Japon se efectuan analisis de muestras procedentes de autopsias para determinar su contenido de cesio-137, pues se dispone de pocos antropogammametros; estos aparatos adolecen ademas del inconveniente de no ser moviles, la que dificulta la determinacion de la carga corporal media de la poblacion. Ahora bien, el acopio de tejidos musculares nrovenientes de autopsias practicadas en todo el pais es complicado y presenta inconvenientes, pues las muestras deben tomarse en el instante preciso de la muerte. Teniendo en cuenta que solo se requieren los datos utiles para evaluar la carga corporal media de cesio-137 en la poblacion y que es innecesario conocer los valores individuales, deberian bastar para el analisis muestras colectivas que representen el mayor numero posible de sujetos. Para este fin, se considera que el mejor susti- tutivo de los tejidos musculares son las muestras de sangre entera, dado que el sistema de acopio de sangre se extiende a todo el pais y abarca 47 bancos de sangre autorizados y unos 100 hospitales. La sangre entera tratada con acido citrico se inspecciona continuamente por muestreo en el Instituto Nacional de Sanidad de Tokio, donde se comprueban al afio unas 500 ampollas que representan mas de 3 millones de dadores de sangre de todo el pais. Para la inspeccion se consume menos de la mitad de la sangre de cada ampolla, en tanto que el resto se guarda para constituir una muestra colectiva con el fin de determinar el contenido de cesio-137. la sangre calcinada se analizo para determinar su contenido de cesio estable por activacion neutronica. los resultados permitieron establecer una relacion entre la concentracion en la sangre entera) el peso total del cuerpo (1,4 mg para una persona de 70 kg) y esta relacion seria identica a la correspondiente al cesio-137 en estado de equilibrio. Los resultados referentes al cesio-137 reunidos desde jumo de 1963 mediante los analisis de sangre se han comparado con los obtenidos por analisis de tejidos musculares, efectuados durante el mismo periodo. Se ha observado una concordancia satisfactoria y se estima que los analisis de sangre constituyen el mejor medio para evaluar la carga corporal total de cesio-137 en la poblacion. (author) [Russian] V Japonii proizvoditsja issledovanie soderzhanija cezija-137 v obrazcah, poluchennyh u umershih ljudej, tak kak kolichestvo schetchikov dlja izmerenija radioaktivnosti vsego organizma ogranicheno, a imejushhiesja apparaty nemobil'ny, chto zatrudnjaet opredelenie srednih urovnej zarazhenija naselenija. Odnako poluchenie myshechnoj tkani posle autopsii so vseh koncov strany javljaetsja slozhnym i neudobnym processom, tak kak obrazcy neobhodimo brat' srazu zhe posle smerti. Uchityvaja cennost' lish' takih dannyh dlja opredelenija srednih velichin soderzhanija cezija-137 u ljudej i neobhodimost' znanija individual'nyh velichin, sleduet dobivat'sja poluchenija kombinirovannyh obrazcov dlja analiza ot vozmozhno bol'shego chisla lic. Dlja jetoj celi nailuchshej zamenoj myshc byli priznany obrazcy cel'noj krovi, poskol'ku sistema sbora krovi rasprostranena po vsej strane i ohvatyvaet 47 imejushhih licenziju bankov perelivanija krovi i okolo 100 gospitalej. Proverka obrazcov citratnoj cel'noj krovi proizvoditsja postojanno v Nacional'nom institute zdravoohranenija, Tokio, gde proverjaetsja okolo 500 ampul krovi, poluchennoj ot bolee chem 3 mln.donorov v strane za god. Menee poloviny krovi iz ampuly ispol'zovalos' dlja proverki, a ostavshajasja polovina sohranjalas' dlja prigotovlenija smesi dlja opredelenija urovnja cezija-137. Dlja opredelenija soderzhanija stabil'nogo cezija zolu krovi issledovali s pomoshh'ju nejtronnogo aktivacionnogo analiza. Poluchennye dannye ukazyvajut na nalichie svjazi mezhdu koncentraciej cezija v cel'noj krovi i ego obshhim soderzhaniem v organizme (1,4 mg dlja cheloveka vesom 70 kg); jeto sootnoshenie javljaetsja identichnym i dlja cejeija-137 v ravnovesnom sostojanii. Rezul'taty analizov krovi na soderzhanie cezija-137, poluchennye nachinaja s ijunja 1963 goda, sravnivalis' s dannymi issledovanija myshc za tot zhe period. Obnaruzheno horoshee sootvetstvie dannyh, i ispol'zovanie analiza krovi bylo priznano nailuchshim sposobom dlja opredelenija v organizme obshhego soderzhanija cezija-137 u naselenija. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1964}
month = {Nov}
}