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Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons; Opacite du Cristallin chez la Souris Exposee aux Neutrons Rapides; Katarakty u myshej, obluchennykh monoehnergeticheskimi bystrymi nejtronami; Opacidad del Cristalino en los Ratones Expuestos a los Neutrones Rapidos Monoenergeticos

Abstract

Studies of radiation response in small mammals, with assay ranging from the sub-cellular to the whole-animal level, have been widely performed with radiations of low linear-energy transfer (LET), such as X- or gamma-rays. Fewer investigations have employed radiations of higher LET such as fast neutrons. Most of the latter have involved exposures to neutrons of wide ranges of energies, and consequently, wide variation in LET. Certain charged beam-target reactions yield neutrons of energies closely dependent on angle of emission path to the beam-target axis. One of these, the proton-on-tritium reaction, has been employed for certain studies at this laboratory. Studies of spleen and thymus weight reduction in mice have revealed relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values, when compared with 250 kVp X-rays, of approximately four at the neutron energy of 0.43 MeV, diminishing to three at 1.80 MeV. Results with spermatogonia depletion yielded slightly higher RBE's, but a similar decline with increasing neutron energy. Inhibition of nucleic-acid metabolism in intestine and bone marrow (utilizing radio isotopically labelled nucleic-acid precursors) has been examined over the same neutron energy range, with generally lower RBE values being obtained. The neutron effectiveness in the above studies has been found to be approximately proportional to the  More>>
Authors:
Bateman, J. L.; Bond, V. P.; Rossi, H. H.; [1]  Radiological Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)]
  1. Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY (United States)
Publication Date:
May 15, 1964
Product Type:
Conference
Report Number:
IAEA-SM-44/18
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on Biological Effects of Neutron Irradiations, Upton, NY (United States), 7-11 Dec 1963; Other Information: 9 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.; Related Information: In: Biological Effects of Neutron and Proton Irradiations. Vol. II. Proceedings of the Symposium on Biological Effects of Neutron Irradiations| 460 p.
Subject:
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS; BONE MARROW; CATARACTS; FAST NEUTRONS; GAMMA RADIATION; LET; MEV RANGE 01-10; MICE; MITOSIS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTONS; RADIATION DOSES; RBE; SPERMATOGONIA; SPLEEN; THYMUS; TRITIUM
OSTI ID:
22141874
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13M3476096475
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 321-335
Announcement Date:
Oct 24, 2013

Citation Formats

Bateman, J. L., Bond, V. P., Rossi, H. H., and Radiological Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)]. Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons; Opacite du Cristallin chez la Souris Exposee aux Neutrons Rapides; Katarakty u myshej, obluchennykh monoehnergeticheskimi bystrymi nejtronami; Opacidad del Cristalino en los Ratones Expuestos a los Neutrones Rapidos Monoenergeticos. IAEA: N. p., 1964. Web.
Bateman, J. L., Bond, V. P., Rossi, H. H., & Radiological Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)]. Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons; Opacite du Cristallin chez la Souris Exposee aux Neutrons Rapides; Katarakty u myshej, obluchennykh monoehnergeticheskimi bystrymi nejtronami; Opacidad del Cristalino en los Ratones Expuestos a los Neutrones Rapidos Monoenergeticos. IAEA.
Bateman, J. L., Bond, V. P., Rossi, H. H., and Radiological Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)]. 1964. "Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons; Opacite du Cristallin chez la Souris Exposee aux Neutrons Rapides; Katarakty u myshej, obluchennykh monoehnergeticheskimi bystrymi nejtronami; Opacidad del Cristalino en los Ratones Expuestos a los Neutrones Rapidos Monoenergeticos." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22141874,
title = {Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to Monoenergetic Fast Neutrons; Opacite du Cristallin chez la Souris Exposee aux Neutrons Rapides; Katarakty u myshej, obluchennykh monoehnergeticheskimi bystrymi nejtronami; Opacidad del Cristalino en los Ratones Expuestos a los Neutrones Rapidos Monoenergeticos}
author = {Bateman, J. L., Bond, V. P., Rossi, H. H., and Radiological Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)]}
abstractNote = {Studies of radiation response in small mammals, with assay ranging from the sub-cellular to the whole-animal level, have been widely performed with radiations of low linear-energy transfer (LET), such as X- or gamma-rays. Fewer investigations have employed radiations of higher LET such as fast neutrons. Most of the latter have involved exposures to neutrons of wide ranges of energies, and consequently, wide variation in LET. Certain charged beam-target reactions yield neutrons of energies closely dependent on angle of emission path to the beam-target axis. One of these, the proton-on-tritium reaction, has been employed for certain studies at this laboratory. Studies of spleen and thymus weight reduction in mice have revealed relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values, when compared with 250 kVp X-rays, of approximately four at the neutron energy of 0.43 MeV, diminishing to three at 1.80 MeV. Results with spermatogonia depletion yielded slightly higher RBE's, but a similar decline with increasing neutron energy. Inhibition of nucleic-acid metabolism in intestine and bone marrow (utilizing radio isotopically labelled nucleic-acid precursors) has been examined over the same neutron energy range, with generally lower RBE values being obtained. The neutron effectiveness in the above studies has been found to be approximately proportional to the calculated (energy mean) LET. The late effect, cataract induction, is currently being evaluated as a function of neutron energy, with results to date revealing 0.43 MeV as a more effective energy than 1.80 MeV. A revised slit-lamp technique has permitted early detection of opacities from relatively small doses of radiation. Recovery mechanisms have been studied in various cell systems with both fast monoenergetic neutrons and X- or gamma-rays. Chromosomal damage, as evidenced by the incidence of abnormal anaphases in regenerating liver three months after irradiation, is being investigated in mice exposed to gamma-rays at dose cates ranging from 0.2 to 100 rad/min. (author) [French] On a procede a de nombreuses experiences pour etudier les divers effets des rayonnements sur de petits mammiferes, depuis le niveau sub-cellulaire jusqu'a l'organisme entier; on a utilise surtout des rayonnements a faible transfert lineaire d'energie (TLE), tels que les rayons X et les rayons gamma; mais quelques experiences on fait intervenir des rayonnements a TLE plus eleve, comme les neutrons rapides. Dans ce dernier cas, on a expose les animaux a des neutrons ayant des energies tres variees et, par consequent, des TLE tres divers. Certaines reactions particules chargees-cible produisent des neutrons dont les energies dependent etroitement de l'angle de leur trajectoire avec l'axe faisceau-cible. Le laboratoire des auteurs a utilise la reaction protons-tritium pour certaines etudes. Les experiences sur la diminution du poids de la rate et du thymus chez la souris ont montre que l'HiR par rapport aux rayons X de 250 kV-crete est d'environ 4 pour les neutrons de 0,43 MeV et tombe a 3 pour les neutrons de 1, 80 MeV. L'etude de la diminution des spermatogonies donne des EBR legerement plus elevees, mais on constate la meme baisse de leur valeur quand l'energie des neutrons augmente. On a etudie, dans la meme gamme d'energies, l'inhibition du metabolisme de l'acide nucleique dans l'intestin et dans la moelle osseuse (en utilisant des precurseurs de l'acide nucleique marques avec des radioisotopes) et on a obtenu des valeurs de l'EBR generalement plus faibles. L'efficacite des neutrons dans les experiences ci-dessus etait a peu pres proportionnelle a la valeur calculee du TLE. On procede actuellement a l'etude de l'effet tardif (la cataracte) en fonction de l'energie des neutrons; les resultats obtenus jusqu'ici montrent qu'une energie de 0,43 MeV est plus efficace qu'une energie de 1,80 MeV. Une amelioration de la methode de la lampe a fente a permis de deceler des manifestations precoces d'opacite du cristallin apres exposition a des doses relativement faibles de rayonnements. On a etudie les mecanismes de guerison dans plusieurs systemes cellulaires, avec des neutrons rapides monoenergetiques, et avec des rayons X ou des rayons gamma. On etudie maintenent les dommages chromosomiques, d'apres la frequence des anaphases anormales dans la regeneration du foie qui surviennent trois mois apres l'irradiation, chez des souris exposees aux rayons gamma avec des debits de doses variant de 0,2 a 100 rad /min. (author) [Spanish] Son muy numerosos los estudios de las reacciones radiologicas de los mamiferos pequefios, desde el nivel infracelular hasta el del organismo entero, llevados a cabo con radiaciones de baja TLE, tales como los rayos X o gamma. En cambio, son menos amplias las investigaciones efectuadas con radiacones de TLE mas elevada, como los neutrones rapidos. Y aun, en estas ultimas, la irradiacion se realizo con neutrones de una extensa gama energetica, y por lo tanto, de muy variada TLE. Ciertas reacciones entre un haz cargado y un blanco dan origen a neutrones cuyas energias dependen directamente del angulo que forman el eje de emision con el eje haz-blanco. Los autores emplearon una de aquellas reacciones en sus estudios de laboratorio, a saber, la reaccion proton/tritio. Por medio de la reduccion de peso del bazo y del timo en el raton, se ha comprobado que la eficacia biologica relativa (referidas a rayos X de 250 kVp)es del orden de 4 para una energia neutronica de 0,43 MeV, y se reduce hasta 3 para 1,80 MeV. El estudio del agotamiento de los espermatogonios da valores algo mayores de la EBR, pero su disminucion al aumentar la energia neutronica es similar. Dentro del mismo intervalo de energias neutronicas, se examino la inhibicion del metabolismo del acido nucleico en el intestino y la medula osea (mediante precursores de dicho acido nucleico marcados con radioisotopos) y los valores de la EBR obtenidos son generalmente menores. Se comprobo que la eficacia de los neutrones en los estudios precitados es aproximadamente proporcional a la TLE calculada (promedio de energia). Los autores estan valorando el efecto secundario de induccion de cataratas en funcion de la energia neutronica, y los resultados revelan que la energia de 0,43MeV es mas efectiva que la de 1,80 MeV. Un procedimiento perfeccionado en el que se emplea una lampara de rendija ha permitido descubrir anticipadamente zonas opacas con dosis de radiacion relativamente reducidas. Los autores han estudiado los mecanismos de restablecimiento en diversos sistemas celulares con neutrones rapidos monoenergeticos y con rayos X o rayos gamma. Estan examinando actualmente las lesiones del cromosoma, que se manifiestan por la frecuencia de anafases anormales en la regeneracion del higado tres meses despues de la irradiacion, en ratones expuestos a la accion de los rayos gamma con intensidades de dosis comprendidas entre 0,2 y 100 rad/min. (author) [Russian] Issledovanija reakcii na izluchenija s nizkoj linejnoj peredachej jenergii (LPJe), kak rentgenovy ili gamma-luchi, shiroko provodjatsja na melkih zhivotnyh ot subkletochnogo urovnja do urovnja celogo zhivotnogo. Men'shee kolichestvo issledovanij provoditsja s izluchenijami s vysokoj LPJe, kak bystrye nejtrony. Bol'shinstvo jetih issledovanij vkljuchaet obluchenie nejtronami s razlichnoj jenergiej i, sledovatel'no, razlichnoj LPJe. Nekotorye reakcii mezhdu puchkom zarjazhennyh chastic i mishen'ju privodjat k obrazovaniju nejtronov s jenergijami, tesno zavisjashhimi ot ugla mezhdu traektoriej izluchenija i os'ju mishen'-puchok- Odna iz nih, reakcija protonov s tritievoj mishen'ju, ispol'zovalas' dlja nekotoryh issledovanij v dannoj laboratorii. Issledovanija s opredeleniem umen'shenija vesa slezenki i zobnoj zhelezy u myshej pozvolili najti velichinyOBJe, kotorye pri sravnenii s rentgenovskimi luchami 250 kv, generiruemymi v intervale pikovyh jenergij, ravnjalis' primerno chetyrem pri jenergii nejtronov 0,43 Mjev i snizhalis' do treh pri 1,80 Mjev. Issledovanija s opredeleniem umen'shenija kolichestva spermatogoniev obnaruzhili neskol'ko bolee vysokie velichiny OBJe, no takoe zhe snizhenie pri uvelichenii jenergii nejtronov. V tom zhe diapazone jenergij nejtronov izuchalos' tormozhenie metabolizma nukleinovoj kisloty v kishechnike i kostnom mozgu, prichem polucheny bolee nizkie velichiny OBJe. V jetih issledovanijah jeffektivnost' nejtronov byla priblizitel'no proporcional'na raschetnoj (srednjaja jenergija) LPJe. Takoe pozdnee projavlenie, kak obrazovanie katarakty, obychno rassmatrivaetsja kak funkcija jenergii nejtronov, prichem 0,43 Mjev okazyvaetsja bolee jeffektivnoj velichinoj jenergii, chem, 1,80 Mjev. Ispol'zovanie peresmotrennoj metodiki s shhelevoj lampoj pozvoljalo obnaruzhivat' pomutnenie v rannej stadii pri otnositel'no nizkih dozah radiacii. Izuchalis' mehanizmy vosstanovlenija v razlichnyh kletochnyh sistemah pri obluchenii monojenergeticheskimi nejtronami i rentgenovskimi ili gamma-luchami. Izuchajutsja hromosomnye narushenija u myshej, podvergnutyh gamma-oblucheniju pri moshhnosti doz ot 0,2 rad do 100 rad/min po chastote pojavlenija patologicheskih anafaz v regenerirujushhej pecheni cherez 3 mesjaca posle obluchenija. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1964}
month = {May}
}