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Quantitative Studies of the Reactions of Hot Tritium Atoms with Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon Mixtures; Etudes Quantitatives des Reactions des Atomes Chauds de Tritium avec les Hydrocarbures et les Melanges d'Hydrocarbures; Kolichestvennoe issledovanie reaktsij goryachikh atomov tritiya s gidrouglerodami i smesyami gidrouglerodov; Estudio Cuantitativo de las Reacciones de Atomos de Tritio Calientes con Hidrocarburos y Mezclas de Hidrocarburos

Abstract

The kinetic theory of hot-atom reactions is expanded to cover the general system of two reactive species and an inert moderator. From results with a single reactant and moderator, two reactants without moderator, and two reactants with moderator, values of, or ratios of, the reactivity integral I and the average logarithmic energy loss per collision a can be calculated. New results are presented from the reaction of hot tritium produced by the He{sup 3}(n, p)H{sup 3} reaction with the following systems (all contain oxygen scavenger): ethane with helium moderator butane with helium moderator neopentane with helium moderator ethane and butane with and without helium moderator ethane and neopentane with and without helium moderator Values of a and I for the three reactants are calculated from the three types of system and the agreement between the results is discussed in the terms of the accuracy of the model. The results obtained from the different systems agree to within the limits of the experimental error, and this shows that the kinetic theory model can be applied to hot-atom systems with some certainty and that the assumptions made when considering mixtures are reasonable ones. The ratios of the reactivity of the hydrocarbons in  More>>
Authors:
Urch, D. S.; Welch, M. J. [1] 
  1. Department Of Chemistry, Queen Mary College. University of London, London (United Kingdom)
Publication Date:
Apr 15, 1965
Product Type:
Conference
Report Number:
IAEA-SM-57/39
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on Chemical Effects Associated with Nuclear Reactions and Radioactive Transformations, Vienna (Austria), 7-11 Dec 1964; Other Information: 18 refs., 3 tabs., 5 figs.; Related Information: In: Chemical Effects of Nuclear Transformations Vol. I. Proceedings of the Symposium on Chemical Effects Associated with Nuclear Reactions and Radioactive Transformations| 457 p.
Subject:
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; 74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS; 2-2-DIMETHYLPROPANE; ACCURACY; BUTANE; COLLISIONS; CROSS SECTIONS; ENERGY LOSSES; ETHANE; HELIUM; HELIUM 3 REACTIONS; HOT ATOM CHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN; MODERATORS; NEUTRON REACTIONS; OXYGEN; REACTIVITY; TRITIUM
OSTI ID:
22141761
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); Joint Commission on Applied Radioactivity of the International Council of Scientific Unions, Paris (France)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13M3291096362
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 71-82
Announcement Date:
Oct 24, 2013

Citation Formats

Urch, D. S., and Welch, M. J. Quantitative Studies of the Reactions of Hot Tritium Atoms with Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon Mixtures; Etudes Quantitatives des Reactions des Atomes Chauds de Tritium avec les Hydrocarbures et les Melanges d'Hydrocarbures; Kolichestvennoe issledovanie reaktsij goryachikh atomov tritiya s gidrouglerodami i smesyami gidrouglerodov; Estudio Cuantitativo de las Reacciones de Atomos de Tritio Calientes con Hidrocarburos y Mezclas de Hidrocarburos. IAEA: N. p., 1965. Web.
Urch, D. S., & Welch, M. J. Quantitative Studies of the Reactions of Hot Tritium Atoms with Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon Mixtures; Etudes Quantitatives des Reactions des Atomes Chauds de Tritium avec les Hydrocarbures et les Melanges d'Hydrocarbures; Kolichestvennoe issledovanie reaktsij goryachikh atomov tritiya s gidrouglerodami i smesyami gidrouglerodov; Estudio Cuantitativo de las Reacciones de Atomos de Tritio Calientes con Hidrocarburos y Mezclas de Hidrocarburos. IAEA.
Urch, D. S., and Welch, M. J. 1965. "Quantitative Studies of the Reactions of Hot Tritium Atoms with Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon Mixtures; Etudes Quantitatives des Reactions des Atomes Chauds de Tritium avec les Hydrocarbures et les Melanges d'Hydrocarbures; Kolichestvennoe issledovanie reaktsij goryachikh atomov tritiya s gidrouglerodami i smesyami gidrouglerodov; Estudio Cuantitativo de las Reacciones de Atomos de Tritio Calientes con Hidrocarburos y Mezclas de Hidrocarburos." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22141761,
title = {Quantitative Studies of the Reactions of Hot Tritium Atoms with Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon Mixtures; Etudes Quantitatives des Reactions des Atomes Chauds de Tritium avec les Hydrocarbures et les Melanges d'Hydrocarbures; Kolichestvennoe issledovanie reaktsij goryachikh atomov tritiya s gidrouglerodami i smesyami gidrouglerodov; Estudio Cuantitativo de las Reacciones de Atomos de Tritio Calientes con Hidrocarburos y Mezclas de Hidrocarburos}
author = {Urch, D. S., and Welch, M. J.}
abstractNote = {The kinetic theory of hot-atom reactions is expanded to cover the general system of two reactive species and an inert moderator. From results with a single reactant and moderator, two reactants without moderator, and two reactants with moderator, values of, or ratios of, the reactivity integral I and the average logarithmic energy loss per collision a can be calculated. New results are presented from the reaction of hot tritium produced by the He{sup 3}(n, p)H{sup 3} reaction with the following systems (all contain oxygen scavenger): ethane with helium moderator butane with helium moderator neopentane with helium moderator ethane and butane with and without helium moderator ethane and neopentane with and without helium moderator Values of a and I for the three reactants are calculated from the three types of system and the agreement between the results is discussed in the terms of the accuracy of the model. The results obtained from the different systems agree to within the limits of the experimental error, and this shows that the kinetic theory model can be applied to hot-atom systems with some certainty and that the assumptions made when considering mixtures are reasonable ones. The ratios of the reactivity of the hydrocarbons in mixtures with regard to substitution reactions are not the same as the ratios of the number of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbons. The values obtained for these ratios are explained in terms of the values of I and S (the collision cross-section) for the hydrocarbons. (author) [French] Les auteurs etendent la theorie cinetique des reactions des atomes chauds au systeme general forme par deux especes reactives et un ralentisseur inerte. A partir des resultats obtenus au moyen d'un seul corps en reaction et d'un ralentisseur, de deux corps en reaction sans ralentisseur et de deux corps en reaction avec ralentisseur, il est possible de calculer les valeurs ou les rapports de l'integrale de reactivite I, et de la perte d'energie logarithmique moyenne par collision a. Les auteurs presentent les resultats obtenus en faisant reagir le tritium chaud produit par la reaction {sup 3}He(n, p){sup 3}H avec les systemes suivants - qui contiennent tous de l'oxygene agissant comme agent de balayage; de l'ethane avec de l'helium comme ralentisseur; du butane avec de l'helium comme ralentisseur; du tetramethylmethane avec de l'helium comme ralentisseur; de l'ethane et du butane avec et sans helium comme ralentisseur; de l'ethane et du tetramethylmethane avec et sans helium comme ralentisseur. Les auteurs calculent les valeurs de a et I obtenues pour les trois corps en reaction d'apres ces trois types de systeme, et ils discutent la concordance entre les resultats en fonction de l'exactitude du modele. Les resultats obtenus a l'aide des differents systemes concordent aux erreurs d'experimentation pres, ce qui demontre la possibilite d'appliquer avec une certaine certitude le modele de la theorie cinetique aux systemes d'atomes chauds et le bien-fonde des hypotheses admises pour l'etude des melanges. Les rapports exprimant la reactivite des hydrocarbures contenus dans des melanges, en ce qui concerne les reactions de substitution, ne sont pas les memes que les rapports du nombre d'atomes d'hydrogene dans les hydrocarbures. Les valeurs obtenues pour ces rapports sont analysees en fonction des valeurs de l et S (section efficace de choc) pour les hydrocarbures. (author) [Spanish] Los autores amplian la teoria cinetica de las reacciones de los atomos calientes a fin de abarcar el sistema general de dos especies reactivas y un moderador inerte. A partir de los resultados correspondientes a una sola especie reactiva y moderador, dos especies reactivas sin moderador y dos especies reactivas con moderador, se pueden calcular valores y razones de la integral de reactividad I, y del valor medio del decremento logaritmico de energia por colision a. Se presentan nuevos resultados correspondientes a la reaccion de tritio caliente, producido por la reaccion {sup 3}He(n, p){sup 3}H, con los siguientes sistemas (todos los cuales contienen oxigeno como depurador); etano con helio como moderador, butano con helio como moderador, neopentano con helio como moderador, etano y butano con y sin helio como moderador, etano y neopentano con y sin helio como moderador. Los autores calculan los valores de a y de I para las tres especies reactivas, a partir de los tres tipos de sistemas, y discuten la concordancia entre los resultados, en relacion con la exactitud del modelo. Los resultados obtenidos para los diferentes sistemas son compatibles dentro de los limites del error experimental, lo que indica que el modelo de la teoria cinetica puede aplicarse a los sistemas de atomos calientes con cierta confianza y que las hipotesis adoptadas al considerar las mezclas son razonables. Las razones de reactividad de los hidrocarburos en mezclas, en lo que se refiere a las reacciones de sustitucion, no coinciden con las razones del numero de atomos de hidrogeno de los hidrocarburos. Los valores obtenidos para dichos cocientes se explican en funcion de los valores de I y S (la seccion eficaz de colision) correspondientes a los hidrocarburos. (author) [Russian] Kineticheskaja teorija reakcij gorjachih atomov rasprostranjaetsja na obshhuju sistemu dvuh reakcionno sposobnyh vidov i inertnyj zamedlitel'. Iz rezul'tatov s odnim reagirujushhim veshhestvom i zamedlitelem, dvumja reagirujushhimi veshhestvami bez zamedlitelja i dvumja reagirujushhimi veshhestvami s zamedlitelem mozhno vychislit' velichiny ili kojefficienty integrala I reaktivnosti i srednjuju logarifmicheskuju poteri jenergii na stolknovenie a. . Predstavljajutsja novye rezul'taty, poluchennye v rezul'tate reakcii gorjachego tritija v reakcii He{sup 3} (p.r.) H{sup 3} so sledujushhimi sistemami (vse soderzhat akceptor radikalov kisloroda): jetan s gelievym zamedlitelem; butan s gelievym zamedlitelem: tetrametilmetan s gelievym zamedlitelem; jetan i butan s gelievym zamedlitelem i bez nego; jetan i tetrametilmetan s gelievym zamedlitelem i bez nego. Vychisljajutsja velichiny a i I dlja treh reagirujushhih veshhestv iz jetih treh tipov sistemy i obsuzhdaetsja soglasie mezhdu rezul'tatami s tochki zrenija tochnosti modeli. Rezul'taty, poluchennye iz razlichnyh sistem, soglasujutsja v ramkah predelov jeksperimental'noj oshibki, i jeto pokazyvaet, chto model' kineticheskoj teorii mozhet primenjat'sja k sistemam gorjachih atomov s nekotoroj opredelennost'ju i chto sdelannye predpolozhenija pri rassmotrenii smesej javljajutsja razumnymi. Kojefficienty reaktivnosti gidrouglerodov v smesjah v otnoshenii reakcij zameshhenija ne javljajutsja temi zhe samymi, kak sootnoshenija chisla atomov vodoroda v gidrouglerodah. Poluchennye velichiny dlja jetih kojefficientov ob{sup j}asnjajutsja velichinami I i S (poperechnoe sechenie stolknovenija) dlja gidrouglerodov. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1965}
month = {Apr}
}