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The Control of Criticality Hazards at Harwell

Abstract

The paper describes the methods of criticality control in use at a large research establishment and looks at some of the technical and administrative problems involved in the day-to-day control. Criticality advice is given formally by an establishment committee, reinforced by specialist consultants from other U.K.A.E.A. establishments and the Authority Health and Safety Branch, with a special provision for dealing with urgent matters. The advantages of a local part-time committee in a research establishment with rapidly changing requirements are discussed together with the positive steps necessary to ensure that part-time officers and members of the committee are able to keep up to date. The total amount of fissile material in use is about 150 kg and examples are given of some of the forms and conditions of use for which there were often no published criticality precedents. To avoid unnecessary restrictions, work with small quantities is considered to be exempt from any form of criticality control. The exempt quantities are stated. Examples are given of the controls recommended for larger amounts, from hundreds of grams in physics experiments to kilograms in chemical and metallurgical operations and the handling of reactor fuel elements. The problem of providing a technical argument for  More>>
Authors:
Jefferson-Loveday, D. W. [1] 
  1. Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell, Berks. (United Kingdom)
Publication Date:
May 15, 1966
Product Type:
Conference
Report Number:
IAEA-SM-70/5
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on Criticality Control of Fissile Materials, Stockholm (Sweden), 1-5 Nov 1965; Other Information: 7 refs., 1 tab.; Related Information: In: Criticality Control Fissile of Materials. Proceedings of the Symposium on Criticality Control of Fissile Materials| 772 p.
Subject:
22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS; 12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES, AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES; 42 ENGINEERING; ALARM SYSTEMS; CONTROL; CRITICALITY; FISSILE MATERIALS; FUEL ELEMENTS; HAZARDS; RADIOACTIVE WASTE STORAGE; RECOMMENDATIONS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAFETY ANALYSIS; UKAEA
OSTI ID:
22117261
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13M2171073882
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 569-580
Announcement Date:
Aug 01, 2013

Citation Formats

Jefferson-Loveday, D. W. The Control of Criticality Hazards at Harwell. IAEA: N. p., 1966. Web.
Jefferson-Loveday, D. W. The Control of Criticality Hazards at Harwell. IAEA.
Jefferson-Loveday, D. W. 1966. "The Control of Criticality Hazards at Harwell." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22117261,
title = {The Control of Criticality Hazards at Harwell}
author = {Jefferson-Loveday, D. W.}
abstractNote = {The paper describes the methods of criticality control in use at a large research establishment and looks at some of the technical and administrative problems involved in the day-to-day control. Criticality advice is given formally by an establishment committee, reinforced by specialist consultants from other U.K.A.E.A. establishments and the Authority Health and Safety Branch, with a special provision for dealing with urgent matters. The advantages of a local part-time committee in a research establishment with rapidly changing requirements are discussed together with the positive steps necessary to ensure that part-time officers and members of the committee are able to keep up to date. The total amount of fissile material in use is about 150 kg and examples are given of some of the forms and conditions of use for which there were often no published criticality precedents. To avoid unnecessary restrictions, work with small quantities is considered to be exempt from any form of criticality control. The exempt quantities are stated. Examples are given of the controls recommended for larger amounts, from hundreds of grams in physics experiments to kilograms in chemical and metallurgical operations and the handling of reactor fuel elements. The problem of providing a technical argument for safety is described in examples where lack of information has required obviously restrictive recommendations to be made. The question of inspection of operations is discussed with the view that more is to be gained by careful inspection and consultation before operations commence, as this is often an educative process for the staff involved. Methods of ensuring continued adherence to the approved conditions are examined. Some of the more difficult problems for a research establishment arise in storage of fissile material in its varied forms including fissile waste. Typical stores are described with the criticality safety controls. The aspects, which have been taken into account in advising whether or not criticality alarm systems should be installed, are given together with the emergency procedures for areas with such systems. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1966}
month = {May}
}