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Graft Polymerization of Styrene to Polyethylene; Polymerisation par greffage du styrene sur des pellicules de polyethylene; Privitaya polimerizatsiya stirola k poliehtilen; Polimerizacion por injerto de estireno en polietileno

Abstract

Study of published data on radiationinduced grafting of styrene to low density polyethylene films shows that the rate of weight gain has only a small dependence upon the gamma exposure rate and film thickness. It is demonstrated that the models used by previous investigators to interpret weight- gain data for evaluation of rate constants are not applicable. Data are presented for grafting experiments at 18 and 40{sup o}C using polyethylene films and fluff and Co{sup 60} gamma exposure rates up to 8.0 x 10{sup 5} r/hr. The rate of conversion of styrene to homopolymer in the fluff suspensions was also measured. Microscopic examinations were performed on the grafted film to estimate the amount of occluded homopolymer. The results demonstrate that most of the weight gain in film samples is due to occluded homopolymer. In the fluff experiments, in which the weight gain is largely due to graft copolymer, the weight increase is approximately linear with dose and the reaction rate is almost proportional to the square root of the gamma exposure rate. A low activation energy for the reaction rate precludes the possibility of diffusion control in fluff and in thin films at exposure rates below 105 r/hr. The rate  More>>
Authors:
Silverman, J.; Srinivasan, S. I.; Phalangas, C. J. [1] 
  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
Publication Date:
Nov 15, 1963
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Conference on the Application of Large Radiation Sources in Industry, Salzburg (Austria), 27-31 May 1963; Other Information: 4 figs., 3 tabs., 17 refs.; Related Information: In: Industrial Use of Large Radiation Sources. Proceedings of a Conference on the Application of Large Radiation Sources in Industry. V. I| 436 p.
Subject:
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY; 07 ISOTOPES AND RADIATION SOURCES; ACTIVATION ENERGY; COBALT 60; CONTROL; COPOLYMERS; GRAFTS; MONOMERS; POLYETHYLENES; POLYMERIZATION; REACTION KINETICS; STYRENE; THIN FILMS
OSTI ID:
22100759
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13R0336058807
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 245-256
Announcement Date:
Jun 06, 2013

Citation Formats

Silverman, J., Srinivasan, S. I., and Phalangas, C. J. Graft Polymerization of Styrene to Polyethylene; Polymerisation par greffage du styrene sur des pellicules de polyethylene; Privitaya polimerizatsiya stirola k poliehtilen; Polimerizacion por injerto de estireno en polietileno. IAEA: N. p., 1963. Web.
Silverman, J., Srinivasan, S. I., & Phalangas, C. J. Graft Polymerization of Styrene to Polyethylene; Polymerisation par greffage du styrene sur des pellicules de polyethylene; Privitaya polimerizatsiya stirola k poliehtilen; Polimerizacion por injerto de estireno en polietileno. IAEA.
Silverman, J., Srinivasan, S. I., and Phalangas, C. J. 1963. "Graft Polymerization of Styrene to Polyethylene; Polymerisation par greffage du styrene sur des pellicules de polyethylene; Privitaya polimerizatsiya stirola k poliehtilen; Polimerizacion por injerto de estireno en polietileno." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22100759,
title = {Graft Polymerization of Styrene to Polyethylene; Polymerisation par greffage du styrene sur des pellicules de polyethylene; Privitaya polimerizatsiya stirola k poliehtilen; Polimerizacion por injerto de estireno en polietileno}
author = {Silverman, J., Srinivasan, S. I., and Phalangas, C. J.}
abstractNote = {Study of published data on radiationinduced grafting of styrene to low density polyethylene films shows that the rate of weight gain has only a small dependence upon the gamma exposure rate and film thickness. It is demonstrated that the models used by previous investigators to interpret weight- gain data for evaluation of rate constants are not applicable. Data are presented for grafting experiments at 18 and 40{sup o}C using polyethylene films and fluff and Co{sup 60} gamma exposure rates up to 8.0 x 10{sup 5} r/hr. The rate of conversion of styrene to homopolymer in the fluff suspensions was also measured. Microscopic examinations were performed on the grafted film to estimate the amount of occluded homopolymer. The results demonstrate that most of the weight gain in film samples is due to occluded homopolymer. In the fluff experiments, in which the weight gain is largely due to graft copolymer, the weight increase is approximately linear with dose and the reaction rate is almost proportional to the square root of the gamma exposure rate. A low activation energy for the reaction rate precludes the possibility of diffusion control in fluff and in thin films at exposure rates below 105 r/hr. The rate of homopolymer formation in the fluff experiments performed at 18{sup o}C and 7.2 x 10{sup 4} r/hr is the same as that reported for polymer formation in pure styrene. The activation energy, 3.5 kcal/mol, is almost half the value reported for the pure monomer. (author) [French] L'etude des donnees publiees sur le greffage radiochimique du styrene sur des pellicules de polyethylene de faible densite montre que le taux d'accroissement du poids ne depend que faiblement de l a dose d'exposition aux rayons gamma et de l'epaisseur de la pellicule. On demontre que les modeles utilises jusqu'a present par les chercheurs pour deteminer les constantes de vitesse a l'aide des donnees sur l'accroissement du poids n'etaient pas appropries. Les auteurs presentent les donnees obtenues 4 la suite d'experiences de greffage a 18 et a 40{sup o}C sur des pellicules et des peluches de polyethylene, avec des doses de rayons gamma de {sup 60}Co allant jusqu'a 8,0 x 10{sup 5} r/h. Les auteurs ont egalement mesure la vitesse de conversion du styrene en homopolymere dans les peluches en suspension. Ils ont fait des examens microscopiques des pellicules greffees afin de connaitre la quantite d'homopolymere absorbe. Les resultats obtenus montrent que l'augmentation de poids dans les echantillons de pellicules est due en grande partie a l'homopolymere absorbe. Pour les experiences faites sur les peluches, dans lesquelles l'augmentation de poids est imputable en grande partie au copolymere greffe, cette augmentation est a peu pres proportionnelle a la dose et la vitesse de reaction est presque proportionnelle a la racine carree du debit de dose des rayons gamma. Du fait d'une energie d'activation faible pour la vitesse de reaction, on ne peut pas agir sur la vitesse de diffusion dans les peluches et dans des pellicules minces si les debits de dose sont inferieurs a 10{sup 5} r/h. La vitesse de formation de l'homopolymere dans les experiences sur peluches faites a 18{sup o}C et a 7,2 x 10{sup 4} r/h est la meme que dans l a polymerisation du styrene pur. L'energie d'activation, 3,5 kcal/mole, represente a peu pres la moitie de la valeur enregistree pour le monomere pur. (author) [Spanish] Del estudio de los datos publicados acerca del injerto radioinducido de estireno en peliculas de polietileno de baja densidad, se deduce que la intensidad de la dosis gamma y el espesor de la pelicula ejercen una influencia poco acusada sobre el fndice de incremento de peso. Los autores demuestran que los modelos utilizados por otros investigadores en la interpretacion de los datos sobre el incremento de peso con miras a determinar las constantes de velocidad carecen de validez en este caso. Presentan datos obtenidos en experimentos de injerto a 18{sup o}C y 40{sup o}C con peliculas y borra d e polietileno para dosis de exposicion a rayos gamma de {sup 60}Co hasta 8,0 x 10{sup 5} r/h. Determinaron tambien la velocidad de transformacion del estireno en su homopoirmero, en las suspensiones de borra. Examinaron al microscopio las peliculas injertadas a fin de evaluar la proporcion de homopolfmero ocluido. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la mayor parte del incremento de peso en las muestras de pelicula corresponde al homopolfmero ocluido. En las pruebas con borra, en las cuales el incremento de peso se debe principalmente al copolimero injertado, dicho incremento es aproximadamente proporcional a la dosis y la velocidad de reaccion es casi proporcional a la rafe cuadrada de la intensidad de la dosis gamma. La reducida energia de activacion correspondiente a la velocidad de reaccion excluye la posibilidad de controlar la difusion en la borra y en las peliculas delgadas para intensidades de exposicion inferiores a 10{sup 5} r/h. En los experimentos con borra a 18{sup o}C e intensidades de 7,2 x 10{sup 4} r/h, la velocidad de formacion del homopolfmero coincide con el valor ya conocido para la polimerizacion del estireno puro. La energia de activacion, a saber, 3,5 kcal/mol, representa practicamente la mitad de la indicada para el monomero puro. (author) [Russian] Izuchenie opublikovannykh dannykh ob initsiirovannoj oblucheniem privitoj polimerizatsii stirola k plenkam poliehtilena nizkoj plotnosti pokazyvaet, tfgo skorost' prirosta vesa lish' neznachitel'no zavisit ot moshchnosti gamma-oblucheniya i tolshchiny plenki. Pokazano, chto modeli, primenyavshiesya ranee issledovatelyami dlya ob{sup y}asneniya dannykh prirosta vesa dlya otsenki konstant skorosti, ne godyatsya. Privedeny ehksperimental'nye dannye po privivaniyu pri temperaturakh 18{sup o}C i 40{sup o}C s ispol'zovaniem poliehtilenovykh plenok, legkoj melkokristallicheskoj kal'tsinirovannoj sody i istochnika Co{sup 60} s gamma-izlucheniem moshchnost'yu do 8,0 x 10{sup 5} r/ch. Izmerena takzhe skorost' prevrashcheniya stirola v gomopolimer v suspenziyakh legkoj melkokristalliches koj kal'tsinirovannoj sody. Dlya opredeleniya kolichestva okklyudirovannogo gomopolimera provedeno issledovanie pod mikroskopom privitoj plenki. Rezul'taty pokazyvayut, chto bol'shaya chast' prirosta vesa v obraztsakh plenki usloalena okklyudirovannym gomopolimerom. V ehksperimentakh s legkoj melkokristallicheskoj kal'tsinirovannoj sodoj, pri kotorykh prirost vesa v znachitel'noj stepeni ob{sup y}asnyaetsya privitym sopolimerom, uvelichenie vesa nakhoditsya v primernoj linejnoj zavisimosti ot dozy, a skorost' reaktsii pochti proportsional'na kornyu kvadratnomu iz moshchnosti gamma-oblucheniya. Nizkaya ehnergiya aktivatsii dlya. skorosti reaktsii isklyuchaet vozmozhnost' kontrolya diffuzii v legkoj melkokristallicheskoj kal'tsinirovannoj sode i v tonkikh plenkakh pri moshchnostyakh oblucheniya nizhe 10{sup 5} r/hr. Pri ehksperimentakh v legkoj melkokristallicheskoj kal'tsinirovannoj sode pri temperature 18{sup o}C i moshchnosti dozy 7,2 x 10{sup 4} r/hr skorost' obrazovaniya gomopolimera takaya zhe, kak i v sluchae obrazovaniya polimera v chistoj stirole. Ehnergiya aktivatsii, ravnaya 3,5 kkal/moya{sup ,} pochti vdvoe men'she velichiny''dlya chistogo monomera. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1963}
month = {Nov}
}