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Copolymerization of Ethylene Induced by Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation; Copolymerisation de l'ethylene induite par des rayons gamma du cobalt-60; Sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena pod dejstviem gamma-izlucheniya ot istochnika ks'yali-60; Copolimerizacion del etileno inducida por las radiaciones gamma del cobalto-60

Abstract

The gamma radiation initiated copolymerization of ethylene with a number of different monomers was studied at 20{sup o}C and initial pressures up to 680 atm. The experiments were conducted statically in two-phase systems with the exception of the ethylene-carbon monoxide system. Isolation of the copolymers was effected by solvent extraction and fractional precipitation techniques. Infra-red spectroscopy was used for identification. The composition was determined by elemental analysis. A partial evaluation of some of the reaction products including crystalline melting points, densities, solubility characteristics, and molecular weights are given. Evidence of ethylene copolymerization was established with each of the following monomers: styrene, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, allyl acetate, isobutylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, trans 2-butene, methyl acrylate, isoprene, propylene, vinyl chloride, 1-butene, cis 2-butene, carbon monoxide, vinyl pyrrolidone, methyl vinyl ketone, and divinyl benzene. The experimental data obtained in the study of the ethylene-carbon monoxide system were found to obey a linear form of the copolymer composition equation. The ratio of specific rate constants for carbon monoxide and ethylene ({alpha}) was found to have a value of 22.0, indicating that carbon monoxide as a monomer, is activated to the extent that it adds 22 times as fast as an ethylene monomer to an  More>>
Authors:
Steinberg, M.; Colombo, P. [1] 
  1. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, NY (United States)
Publication Date:
Nov 15, 1963
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Conference on the Application of Large Radiation Sources in Industry, Salzburg (Austria), 27-31 May 1963; Other Information: 10 figs., 6 tabs., 18 refs.; Related Information: In: Industrial Use of Large Radiation Sources. Proceedings of a Conference on the Application of Large Radiation Sources in Industry. V. I| 436 p.
Subject:
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY; 07 ISOTOPES AND RADIATION SOURCES; 2-METHYLPROPENE; ACETATES; ACRYLATES; ACRYLONITRILE; BUTENES; CARBON MONOXIDE; COBALT 60; COPOLYMERIZATION; COPOLYMERS; ETHYLENE; GAMMA RADIATION; IRRADIATION; METHACRYLIC ACID ESTERS; PROPYLENE; PYRROLIDONES; REACTION KINETICS; SOLVENT EXTRACTION; SPECTROSCOPY; VINYL ACETATE; VINYL CHLORIDE
OSTI ID:
22100753
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13R0329058801
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 121-150
Announcement Date:
Jun 06, 2013

Citation Formats

Steinberg, M., and Colombo, P. Copolymerization of Ethylene Induced by Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation; Copolymerisation de l'ethylene induite par des rayons gamma du cobalt-60; Sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena pod dejstviem gamma-izlucheniya ot istochnika ks'yali-60; Copolimerizacion del etileno inducida por las radiaciones gamma del cobalto-60. IAEA: N. p., 1963. Web.
Steinberg, M., & Colombo, P. Copolymerization of Ethylene Induced by Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation; Copolymerisation de l'ethylene induite par des rayons gamma du cobalt-60; Sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena pod dejstviem gamma-izlucheniya ot istochnika ks'yali-60; Copolimerizacion del etileno inducida por las radiaciones gamma del cobalto-60. IAEA.
Steinberg, M., and Colombo, P. 1963. "Copolymerization of Ethylene Induced by Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation; Copolymerisation de l'ethylene induite par des rayons gamma du cobalt-60; Sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena pod dejstviem gamma-izlucheniya ot istochnika ks'yali-60; Copolimerizacion del etileno inducida por las radiaciones gamma del cobalto-60." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22100753,
title = {Copolymerization of Ethylene Induced by Cobalt-60 Gamma Radiation; Copolymerisation de l'ethylene induite par des rayons gamma du cobalt-60; Sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena pod dejstviem gamma-izlucheniya ot istochnika ks'yali-60; Copolimerizacion del etileno inducida por las radiaciones gamma del cobalto-60}
author = {Steinberg, M., and Colombo, P.}
abstractNote = {The gamma radiation initiated copolymerization of ethylene with a number of different monomers was studied at 20{sup o}C and initial pressures up to 680 atm. The experiments were conducted statically in two-phase systems with the exception of the ethylene-carbon monoxide system. Isolation of the copolymers was effected by solvent extraction and fractional precipitation techniques. Infra-red spectroscopy was used for identification. The composition was determined by elemental analysis. A partial evaluation of some of the reaction products including crystalline melting points, densities, solubility characteristics, and molecular weights are given. Evidence of ethylene copolymerization was established with each of the following monomers: styrene, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, allyl acetate, isobutylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, trans 2-butene, methyl acrylate, isoprene, propylene, vinyl chloride, 1-butene, cis 2-butene, carbon monoxide, vinyl pyrrolidone, methyl vinyl ketone, and divinyl benzene. The experimental data obtained in the study of the ethylene-carbon monoxide system were found to obey a linear form of the copolymer composition equation. The ratio of specific rate constants for carbon monoxide and ethylene ({alpha}) was found to have a value of 22.0, indicating that carbon monoxide as a monomer, is activated to the extent that it adds 22 times as fast as an ethylene monomer to an ethylene free-radical chain end. Explosive decomposition was observed to occur during irradiation of ethylene arid chlorotrifluoroethylene under certain irradiation conditions. There is an indication that a threshold radiation intensity exists which induces this violent reaction. The unique advantage of cobalt-60 gamma radiation is that it can be used to induce and control ethylene copolymerization reactions at low temperatures. (author) [French] La copolymerisation de l'ethylene avec divers monomeres provoquee avec des rayons gamma a ete etudiee a 20{sup o}C et a des pressions initiales allant jusqu'a 680 atm. On a procede aux experiences, en milieu statique, dans des systemes a deux phases, a l'exception du systeme ethylene-oxyde de carbone. La separation des copolymeres a ete obtenue par des methodes d'extraction par solvant et de precipitation fractionnee. L'identification a ete faite au moyen de la spectroscopic aux infrarouges. La composition a ete determinee par analyse elementaire. Les auteurs donnent une evaluation partielle de certains produits de la reaction, y compris les points de fusion cristalline, les densites, les caracteristiques de solubilite et les poids moleculaires. La copolymerisation de l'ethylene a ete etablie avec chacun des monomeres suivants : styrene, methacrylate de methyle, acetate de vinyle, acrylonitrile, acetate d'allyle, isobutylene, chlorotiifluoroethylene, transbutene-2, acrylate de methyle, isoprene, propylene, chlorure de vinyle, butene-1, cis-butene-2, oxyde de carbone, pyrrolidone de vinyle, methyle- vinyle-cetone et divinyle-benzene. Les auteurs ont trouve que les donnees experimentales obtenues dans l'etude du systeme ethylene-oxyde de carbone suivaient une forme lineaire de l'equation de composition du copolymere. Pour le rapport {alpha} des constantes de vitesse specifiques de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'ethylene, ils ont determine la valeur 22,0, ce qui montre que l'oxyde de carbone en tant que monomere est active a tel point qu'il se fixe a l'extremite d'une chaftie de radicaux libres d'ethylene 22 fois plus vite que ne le fait un monomere d'ethylene. (author) [Spanish] Los autores estudiaron la copolimerizacion del etileno, inducida por las radiaciones gamma, con una serie de diversos monometos, a 20{sup o}C y presiones iniciales de hasta 680 atm. Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo estaticamente en sistemas bifasicos, salvo en el caso del etileno-oxido de carbono. La separacion de los copolimeros se llevo a cabo por extraccion mediante disolventes y por precipitacion fraccionada. La identificacion se efectuo por espectroscopia infrarroja y la composicion se determino por analisis elemental. Para algunos de los productos de reaccion, los autores indican los puntos de fusion cristalinos, las densidades, las caracteristicas de solubilidad y los pesos moleculares. Obtuvieron pruebas de la copolimerizacion del etileno con cada uno de los siguientes monomeros: estireno, metacrilato de metilo, acetato de vinilo, acrilonitrilo, acetato de alilo, isobuteno, clorotrifluoretileno, trans 2-buteno, acrilato de metilo, isopreno, propeno, cloruro de vinilo, 1-buteno, cis 2-buteno, oxido de carbono, vinilpirrolidona, metilvinilcetona y divinilbenceno. Comprobaron que los datos experimentales obtenidos en el estudio del sistema etileno-oxido de carbono responden a una forma lineal de la ecuacion de composicion del copolimero. Encontraron el valor 22,0 para la razon ({alpha}) de las constantes de velocidad especificas correspondientes al oxido de carbono y al etileno, respectivamente, lo que indica que en calidad de monomero el oxido de carbono se activa en tal medida que se fija al extremo de una cadena de radical etilenico libre con una velocidad 22 veces mayor que un monomero etilenico. (author) [Russian] Byla izuchen vyzvannaya gamma-izlucheniem sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena s ryadom razlichnykh monomerov pri temperature 20{sup o}C i pri nachal'nykh davleniyakh do 680 atm. Ehksperimenty provodilis' staticheski v dvukhfaznykh sistemakh, za isklyucheniem sistemy ehtilen-okis' ugleroda. Razdelenie sopolimerov proizvodilos' metodami ehkstraktsii rastvoritelem i fraktsionirovannogo osazhdeniya. Dlya identifikatsii ispol'zovali infrakrasnuyu spektroskopiyu, a dlya opredeleniya sostava - ehlementarnyj analiz. Privedeny kharakte- ristiki nekotorykh produktov reaktsii, vklyuchayushchie ikh temperaturu plavleniya, plotnost', rastvorimost' i molekulyarnyj ves. Ustanovlena sopolimerizatsiya ehtilena s kazhdym iz sleduyushchikh monomerov: stirolom, metilmetakrilatom, venilatsetatom, akrilonitrilom, allilatsetatom, izobutilenom, khlorotriftoroehtilenom, trans-2-butenom, metilakrilatom, izoprenom, propilenom, khloristym vinilom, 1-butenom, tsis-2-butenom, okis'yu ugleroda, vinilpirrolidonom, metilvinilketonom i divinilbenzolom. Ustanovleno, chto dannye,-poluchennye ehksperimental'nym putem pri izuchenii, sistemy ehtilen-okis' ugleroda, udovletvoryayut linejnoj forme uravneniya sostava sopolimera. Ustanovleno, chto otnoshenie konstant udel'nykh skorostej dlya okisi ugleroda i ehtilena ({alpha}) sostavlyaet 22,0, chto oznachaet, chto okis' uglerode kak monomer aktivirovana v takop stepeni, chto ona prisoedinyaetsya k kontsu tsepochki svobodnykh radikalov ehtilena v 22 raza bystree chem ehtilenovyj monomer. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1963}
month = {Nov}
}