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Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Insects and Other Arthropods; Effet des rayonnements ionisants sur les insectes et autres arthropodes; Vozdejstvie ioniziruntsej radiatsii na nasekomykh i drugikh chlenistonogikh; Efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre los insectos y otros artropodos

Abstract

Research into the possible application of the radiation sterilization method of population suppression is now under way on a number of insects that attack man, animals and a variety of crops. These exploratory investigations have shown that ionizing irradiation will induce sterility but there is considerable variation in the amounts needed. The research also suggests that radiation damage may in some cases prevent application of the method to some insects. A frequent obstacle that must be overcome is lack of practical mass-rearing methods. Some insects also appeartobeso abundant that the use of the technique may not be feasible without first processing the infested area with other control measures to bring wild populations within reach. Despite these difficulties, when conditions are favourable, few other approaches to the control of pests are so potentially rewarding. The radiation sterilization method may also be thought of as a possible means of delaying development of infestation until crops are harvested. The present paper reports on the influence-of gamma radiation on the reproductive potential, sexual aggressiveness, vigour and longevity of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coq., the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied., the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens  More>>
Authors:
Stone, William E. [1] 
  1. United States Department of Agriculture Laboratories, Mexico City, D.F (Mexico)
Publication Date:
Sep 15, 1963
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on the Use and Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation in the Control of Plant and Animal Insect Pests, Athens (Greece), 22-26 Apr 1963; Other Information: 37 refs.; Related Information: In: Radiation and Radioisotopes Applied to Insects of Agricultural Importance. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Use and Application of Radioisotopes and Radiation in the Control of Plant and Animal Insect Pests| 526 p.
Subject:
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; ANASTREPHA; BEETLES; BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS; CERATITIS CAPITATA; DACUS; DOMESTIC ANIMALS; GAMMA RADIATION; MANGOES; MASS REARING; MOSQUITOES; RADIOSTERILIZATION; SCORPIONS; STERILITY; TICKS
OSTI ID:
22100734
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome (Italy)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA13R0294058782
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 301-312
Announcement Date:
Jun 06, 2013

Citation Formats

Stone, William E. Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Insects and Other Arthropods; Effet des rayonnements ionisants sur les insectes et autres arthropodes; Vozdejstvie ioniziruntsej radiatsii na nasekomykh i drugikh chlenistonogikh; Efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre los insectos y otros artropodos. IAEA: N. p., 1963. Web.
Stone, William E. Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Insects and Other Arthropods; Effet des rayonnements ionisants sur les insectes et autres arthropodes; Vozdejstvie ioniziruntsej radiatsii na nasekomykh i drugikh chlenistonogikh; Efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre los insectos y otros artropodos. IAEA.
Stone, William E. 1963. "Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Insects and Other Arthropods; Effet des rayonnements ionisants sur les insectes et autres arthropodes; Vozdejstvie ioniziruntsej radiatsii na nasekomykh i drugikh chlenistonogikh; Efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre los insectos y otros artropodos." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22100734,
title = {Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Insects and Other Arthropods; Effet des rayonnements ionisants sur les insectes et autres arthropodes; Vozdejstvie ioniziruntsej radiatsii na nasekomykh i drugikh chlenistonogikh; Efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre los insectos y otros artropodos}
author = {Stone, William E.}
abstractNote = {Research into the possible application of the radiation sterilization method of population suppression is now under way on a number of insects that attack man, animals and a variety of crops. These exploratory investigations have shown that ionizing irradiation will induce sterility but there is considerable variation in the amounts needed. The research also suggests that radiation damage may in some cases prevent application of the method to some insects. A frequent obstacle that must be overcome is lack of practical mass-rearing methods. Some insects also appeartobeso abundant that the use of the technique may not be feasible without first processing the infested area with other control measures to bring wild populations within reach. Despite these difficulties, when conditions are favourable, few other approaches to the control of pests are so potentially rewarding. The radiation sterilization method may also be thought of as a possible means of delaying development of infestation until crops are harvested. The present paper reports on the influence-of gamma radiation on the reproductive potential, sexual aggressiveness, vigour and longevity of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coq., the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied., the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens Loew, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, and results of practical field trials of the sterile-male release method of population suppression. Progress in the campaign to eradicate the screw-worm, Cochliomyia hominivora Cqrl., in the United States and in studies to develop vigorous genetically marked strains that will permit ready identifications of released sterile flies is reviewed. Results of irradiation research on six additional species that infest fruit, vegetable, field and forest crops, three that attack livestock, three that largely affect man, the effects of irradiation on the scorpion, Centruroides limpid us Karsch, and the Lone-Star tick, Amblyomma americanum L., and ionizing radiation as a possible quarantine treatment for fruits and vegetables infested with fruit flies and mangoes infested with the mango weevil, Sternochetus mangiferae Fabricius, are also discussed. (author) [French] Des recherches sur la possibilite d'appliquer la methode de sterilization par les rayonnements pour l'eradication de populations d'insectes sont actuellement en cours pour un certain nombre d'insectes nuisibles a l'homme, aux animaux et a diverses cultures. Il ressort de ces recherches preliminaires que les rayonnements ionisants provoquent la sterilite, mais que les doses necessaires varient considerablement. Ces recherches donnent aussi a penser que les dommages radioinduits sont tels qu'il ne serait pas opportun d'appliquer cette methode a toutes les especes d'insectes. Une difficulte a laquelle on se heurte frequemment est l'absence de methodes pratiques d'elevage en masse. D'autre part, certaines populations d'insectes sont tellement nombreuses qu'il peut etre impossible de recourir a cette methode sans avoir au prealable applique dans la region infestee d'autres methodes de lutte de maniere a pouvoir atteindre les populations naturelles. Malgre ces difficultes, si les conditions sont favorables, il existe peu d'autres methodes qui puissent donner d'aussi bons resultats. On peut aussi envisager de recourir a la methode de sterilisation par les rayonnements pour retarder la pullulation des insectes jusqu'a la moisson des recoltes. Le memoire rend compte de l'influence des rayons gamma sur la capacite de reproduction, l'agressivite sexuelle, la vigueur et la longevite de divers insectes: mouche orientale des fruits Dacus dorsalis Hendel, mouche du melon Dacus cucurbitae Coq., mouche mediterraneenne des fruits Ceratitis capitata Wied, mouche mexicaine des fruits Anastrepha ludens Loew et Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say; il donne aussi les resultats d'experiences reelles de lacher de males steriles pour l'eradication des insectes. L'auteur analyse les resultats obtenus dans la campagne d'eradication de la lucilie bouchere Cochliomyia hominivorax Cqrl. aux Etats-Unis, ainsi que dans des etudes visant a produire des souches vigoureuses, marquees genetiquement en vue d'identifier facilement les mouches steriles apres leur lacher. Il etudie aussi les resultats de recherches sur differents sujets: effets des rayonnements sur six autres especes nuisibles aux fruits, aux legumes, aux cultures et aux forets, sur trois especes qui s'attaquent au cheptel et sur trois especes qui sont particulierement nuisibles a l'homme; effets des rayonnements sur le scorpion Centruroides limpidus Karsch et sur la tique Amblyomma americanium L.; possibilite d'utiliser les rayonnements ionisants pour traiter - comme mesure de quarantaine - les fruits et legumes attaques par les mouches des fruits et les mangues attaquees par le charancon de la mangue Sternochetus mangiferae Fabricius. (author) [Spanish] Actualmente se estudia la posibilidad de recurrir a la radioesterilizacion para exterminar a diversos insectos que atacan al hombre, a los animales y a las plantas. Las primeras investigaciones han demostrado que las radiaciones ionizantes producen esterilidad, y que las dosis necesarias varian considerablemente. Tambien hacen pensar que los daflos producidos por las radiaciones pudieran en algunos casos impedir que se aplique el metodo a ciertos insectos. Con frecuencia, el obstaculo principal es la falta de metodos de cria de los insectos en gran escala. En otros casos, el insecto se da con tal abundancia que no es posible aplicar esta tecnica sin antes tratar por otros medios la zona infestada a fin de reducir el numero de insectos. A pesar de todas las dificultades, el metodo de la radioesterilizacion es uno de los mejores, cuando las condiciones son favorables. Tambien se puede utilizar para retrasar el desarrollo de la plaga hasta despues de la cosecha. La memoria informa sobre la influencia de las radiaciones gamma en la capacidad de reproduccion, los instintos sexuales, el vigor y la longevidad de la mosca oriental de la fruta, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, la mosca del melon, Dacus cucurbitae Coq., la mosca mediterranea, Ceratitis capitata Wied., la mosca de la fruta mejicana, Anastrepha ludens Loew, y el Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, e indica los resultados de la campada de exterminio obtenidos en la practica liberando machos esteriles. Revisa tambien los progresos realizados en los Estados Unidos en la campana para exterminar la Cochliomya hominivorax Cqrl., y en los estudios para desarrollar cepas vigorosas, marcadas geneticamente, que permitan identificar con facilidad las moscas esteriles liberadas. Se discuten tambien los resultados de las investigaciones sobre la irradiacion de otras seis especies que atacan a frutas, verduras y otros cultivos agricolas y forestales, otras tres que atacan al ganado, y tres mas que atacan principalmente al hombre. Se trata asimismo de la irradiacion del escorpion, Centruroides limp idus Karsch y del aracnido Amblyomma americanum L., y de la posibilidad de emplear radiaciones ionizantes como tratamiento de cuarentena para las frutas y verduras infestadas con la mosca de la fruta y para los mangos infestados con el gorgojo Stemochetus mangiferae Fabricius. (author) [Russian] V nastoyashchee vremya provodyatsya issledovaniya vozmozhnosti primeneniya metoda sterilizatsii posredstvom oblucheniya dlya unichtozheniya populyatsij tselogo ryada nasekomykh, porazhaptsikh cheloveka, zhivotnykh i razlichnye kul'tury. Ehti predvaritel'nye issledovaniya pokazali, chto ioniziruyushchee obluchenie privodit k sterilizatsii, no chto dlya ehtoj tseli trebuyutsya chrezvychajno raznoobraznye dozy. Okazalos', chto v nekotorykh sluchayakh radiatsionnye povrezhdeniya mogut isklyuchit' vozmozhnost' primeneniya ehtogo metoda u nekotorykh nasekomykh. Prepyatstvie, kotoroe zachastuyu prikhoditsya preodolevat', zaklyuchaetsya v otsutstvii prakticheskikh metodov razvedeniya nasekomykh v massovykh kolichestva. S drugoj storony, nekotorye vidy nasekomykh yavlyayutsya nastol'ko mnogochislennymi, chto primenenie ehtogo metoda mozhet okazat'sya neosushchestvimym bez predvaritel'noj obrabotki zarazhennogo rajona drugimi sredstvami istrebleniya dlya privlecheniya na dostupnoe rasstoyanie populyatsij nasekomykh. Nesmotrya na ehti zatrudneniya, pri blagopriyatnykh obstoyatel'stvakh vryad li kakie-libo drugie metody istrebleniya vrednykh nasekomykh predstavlyayutsya stol' zhe perspektivnymi. Metod sterilizatsii pri pomoshchi radiatsii mozhet sluzhit' sposobom otdaleniya invazii do okonchaniya sbora urozhaya. V doklade soobshchaetsya o vozdejstvii gamma-izlucheniya na potentsial razmnozheniya, polovuyu agressivnost', silu i zhivuchest' vostochnoj plodovoj mukhi Rasiv dorsalis (Hendel), dynnoj mukhi Dacus cucurbltae (Coq.), sredizemnomorskoj plodovoj mukhi Ceratltla capitata (Wied.), meksikanskoj plodovoj mukhi Anastrepha ludens (Loew) i malyarijnogo komara Anopheles quadrlmaculatus (Say); v doklade privodyatsya takzhe rezul'taty prakticheskikh ispytanij vypuske sterilizovannykh samtsov na opytnoe pole dlya istrebleniya populyatsij. Daetsya opisanie dal'nejshego khoda kampanii po istrebleniyu bych'ego ovoda Cochliomyla homlnlvorax (Cqrl.) v Soedinennykh Shtatakh Ameriki i izucheniya razvedeniya sil'nykh, geneticheski markirovannykh osobej, kotorye pozvolyat legko vyyavlyat' vypushchennykh na votgyu sterilizovannykh ovodov. Obsuzhdayutsya takzhe rezul'taty issledovanij po oblucheniyu 6 dopolnitel'nykh vidov vreditelej, porazhayushchikh frukty, ovoshchi, polevye i lesnye kul'tury, 3 vidov, porazhaptsikh skot, i 3 vidov, napadayushchikh glavnym obrazom na cheloveka, a takzhe vozdejstvie oblucheniya ka skorpionov Centruroides limpidus (Karsch), odnozvezdchatogo kleshcha AshYuovdaa americanum (L.); dalee obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnost' ispol'zovaniya ioniziruitsego izlucheniya v kachestve vozmozhnogo garantijnogo sredstva dlya dezinfestatsii ovoshchej i fruktov, porazhennykh plodovoj mukhoj, a takzhe mango, porazhennogo mangovym dolgonosikom Sternochetus mangiferae (Fabricius). (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1963}
month = {Sep}
}