Abstract
Latin America has a wealth of renewable energy resources, although the utilization of these resources has historically been carried out in the region by large hydroelectric energy plants. Nevertheless, according to the present report, there is an immense potential for wider use of new sources of renewable energy, including Small-Scale Hydroelectric (SSH), wind, solar and geothermal. Considering only the renewable sources used for power generation in the countries studied, they are observed to account for between 2.5 and 5% of the current installed capacity of these countries. Brazil and Peru use roughly 5%, Argentina and Colombia 4% and Mexico and Chile 2.5% of current capacity. Among the alternative sources used, biomass is observed to be predominant, corresponding to 50% of the installed capacity of those countries, collectively, followed by SSH (37%) and wind energy (13%). The installed capacity of photovoltaic energy (PV) continues to be insignificant. In this work, large hydroelectric plants are not included as renewable sources, only CHP is included. Among the countries studied, Brazil is currently responsible for more than 70% of the installed capacity of the renewable sources used for power generation, followed by Mexico (9%) and Argentina (7%). Colombia and Central American countries represent 5%
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De Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto;
[1]
De Buen Rodriguez, Odon;
[2]
Gorenstein Dedecca, Joao;
[3]
Goncalves Nogueira, Larissa;
[3]
Maia Gomes, Rodolfo Dourado;
[3]
Navarro, Judith
[4]
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP e International Energy Initiative (Brazil)
- Energia, Tecnologia y Educacion, S.C., ENTE, S.C. (Mexico)
- International Energy Initiative, IEI (Brazil)
- Energia, Tecnologia y Educacion, S.C., ENTE, S.C. (Mexico)
Citation Formats
De Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, De Buen Rodriguez, Odon, Gorenstein Dedecca, Joao, Goncalves Nogueira, Larissa, Maia Gomes, Rodolfo Dourado, and Navarro, Judith.
Renewable energies for power generation in Latin America: market, technologies and perspectives; Energias renovables para generacion de electricidad en America Latina: mercado, tecnologias y perspectivas.
Mexico: N. p.,
2010.
Web.
De Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, De Buen Rodriguez, Odon, Gorenstein Dedecca, Joao, Goncalves Nogueira, Larissa, Maia Gomes, Rodolfo Dourado, & Navarro, Judith.
Renewable energies for power generation in Latin America: market, technologies and perspectives; Energias renovables para generacion de electricidad en America Latina: mercado, tecnologias y perspectivas.
Mexico.
De Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, De Buen Rodriguez, Odon, Gorenstein Dedecca, Joao, Goncalves Nogueira, Larissa, Maia Gomes, Rodolfo Dourado, and Navarro, Judith.
2010.
"Renewable energies for power generation in Latin America: market, technologies and perspectives; Energias renovables para generacion de electricidad en America Latina: mercado, tecnologias y perspectivas."
Mexico.
@misc{etde_22090364,
title = {Renewable energies for power generation in Latin America: market, technologies and perspectives; Energias renovables para generacion de electricidad en America Latina: mercado, tecnologias y perspectivas}
author = {De Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, De Buen Rodriguez, Odon, Gorenstein Dedecca, Joao, Goncalves Nogueira, Larissa, Maia Gomes, Rodolfo Dourado, and Navarro, Judith}
abstractNote = {Latin America has a wealth of renewable energy resources, although the utilization of these resources has historically been carried out in the region by large hydroelectric energy plants. Nevertheless, according to the present report, there is an immense potential for wider use of new sources of renewable energy, including Small-Scale Hydroelectric (SSH), wind, solar and geothermal. Considering only the renewable sources used for power generation in the countries studied, they are observed to account for between 2.5 and 5% of the current installed capacity of these countries. Brazil and Peru use roughly 5%, Argentina and Colombia 4% and Mexico and Chile 2.5% of current capacity. Among the alternative sources used, biomass is observed to be predominant, corresponding to 50% of the installed capacity of those countries, collectively, followed by SSH (37%) and wind energy (13%). The installed capacity of photovoltaic energy (PV) continues to be insignificant. In this work, large hydroelectric plants are not included as renewable sources, only CHP is included. Among the countries studied, Brazil is currently responsible for more than 70% of the installed capacity of the renewable sources used for power generation, followed by Mexico (9%) and Argentina (7%). Colombia and Central American countries represent 5% of current installed capacity, each, and the remaining countries are responsible for 2%, with the exception of Venezuela. The high contribution of biomass as an alternative source in Brazil and Argentina explains its predominance in this area. With respect to total hydroelectric potential, Mexico has already exploited a large part portion of its economically viable resources, as much as 87.4%, much higher than the average for the region. While Brazil stands out for the large participation of hydroelectric energy, 58.4% of the economically exploitable capacity still remains. Nevertheless, those resources are concentrated in the northern region of the country and many environmental obstacles exist. Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru are the South American countries that still have the greatest availability of economically viable water resources to be exploited, since those countries do not even use 7% of the available potential. Venezuela and Paraguay stand out in South America as using more than 50% of the economically available potential for hydroelectric generation in the region. Geothermal energy is an important resource in Mexico and Central America, with an installed capacity of 965 MW and 502 MW in 2008, respectively. In those two cases, this is the primary source of power generation. Argentina's high-enthalpy fields are sufficient for geothermal use to generate energy, but there is no estimate of the generation potential. Chile is another country that tries to develop its geothermal potential. In 2009, the government of Chile requested bids for 20 contracts for geothermal energy exploitation. During the geothermal bidding process, 59 offers from exploitation projects were received and 9 companies were granted licenses for the 20 areas solicited. Biomass is an especially important energy resource in Brazil, where it has already surpassed CHP. It is also relevant in Argentina and Colombia, where it is associated with the alcohol-sugar industry and a growing interest in cogeneration systems. [Spanish] America Latina posee un rico patrimonio de recursos energeticos renovables, a pesar de que, historicamente, el aprovechamiento de estos recursos en la region se haya realizado a traves de grandes centrales de energia hidroelectrica. Sin embargo, hay un inmenso potencial de utilizacion mas amplia de nuevas fuentes de energia renovables: Pequenas Centrales Hidroelectricas (PCH), eolica, solar, geotermica, de acuerdo con lo que presenta en este informe. Considerando solamente las fuentes renovables utilizadas para la generacion de electricidad en los paises estudiados, se observa que dichas fuentes participan con entre el 2.5 y el 5% de la capacidad instalada actual de esos paises. Brasil y Peru tienen cerca del 5%, Argentina y Colombia aproximadamente el 4% y Mexico y Chile el 2.5% de su capacidad actual. Entre las fuentes alternativas utilizadas se observa el predominio de la biomasa, que corresponde al 50% de la capacidad instalada del conjunto de esos paises, seguida de las Pequenas Centrales Hidroelectricas (PCH) (37%) y la energia eolica (13%). La capacidad instalada de energia fotovoltaica (FV) todavia es insignificante. En este trabajo, las grandes hidroelectricas no se incluyen entre las fuentes renovables, solamente se incluyen las PCH. Entre los paises estudiados, Brasil es actualmente responsable por mas del 70% de la capacidad instalada de las fuentes renovables utilizadas para generacion de electricidad, seguido por Mexico (9%) y Argentina (7%). Colombia y los paises de America Central representan cada uno el 4% de la capacidad instalada actual y los demas paises son responsables por el 2%, con excepcion de Venezuela. La alta participacion de la biomasa entre las fuentes alternativas en Brasil y Argentina explica su predominancia en el ambito. Con relacion al potencial hidroelectrico total, Mexico ya exploto buena parte de sus recursos economicamente viables, llegando al indice de 87.4%, muy superior al promedio de la region. Brasil se destaca por la gran participacion de la energia hidroelectrica, pero todavia existe un 58.4% de la capacidad economicamente explotable para aprovechar. Sin embargo, esos recursos se concentran en la region Norte del pais y existen muchos obstaculos ambientales. Bolivia, Ecuador y Peru son los paises de America del Sur que todavia poseen la mayor disponibilidad de recursos hidricos economicamente viables para aprovechamiento, ya que dichos paises no aprovechan ni siquiera el 7% del potencial disponible. Venezuela y Paraguay se destacan en America del Sur por aprovechar mas del 50% del potencial economicamente disponible para la generacion hidroelectrica en la region. La energia geotermica es un recurso importante en Mexico y en America Central, con una capacidad instalada de 965 MW y 502 MW en 2008, respectivamente. En esos dos casos, es la principal fuente de generacion de electricidad. Argentina posee campos de alta entalpia, adecuados para el aprovechamiento geotermico para la generacion de electricidad, pero no hay ninguna estimacion del potencial de generacion. Chile es otro pais que trata de desarrollar su potencial geotermico. En 2009, el Gobierno de Chile llamo una licitacion para 20 concesiones de explotacion de energia geotermica. Durante el proceso de licitacion geotermica se recibieron 59 ofertas de proyectos de explotacion y se concedio a 9 empresas la concesion de las 20 areas licitadas. La biomasa es un recurso energetico de especial importancia en Brasil, donde ya supera a las PCH. Tambien es relevante en Argentina y Colombia, donde esta asociada a la industria alco-azucarera y al creciente interes en sistemas de cogeneracion.}
place = {Mexico}
year = {2010}
month = {Jul}
}
title = {Renewable energies for power generation in Latin America: market, technologies and perspectives; Energias renovables para generacion de electricidad en America Latina: mercado, tecnologias y perspectivas}
author = {De Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, De Buen Rodriguez, Odon, Gorenstein Dedecca, Joao, Goncalves Nogueira, Larissa, Maia Gomes, Rodolfo Dourado, and Navarro, Judith}
abstractNote = {Latin America has a wealth of renewable energy resources, although the utilization of these resources has historically been carried out in the region by large hydroelectric energy plants. Nevertheless, according to the present report, there is an immense potential for wider use of new sources of renewable energy, including Small-Scale Hydroelectric (SSH), wind, solar and geothermal. Considering only the renewable sources used for power generation in the countries studied, they are observed to account for between 2.5 and 5% of the current installed capacity of these countries. Brazil and Peru use roughly 5%, Argentina and Colombia 4% and Mexico and Chile 2.5% of current capacity. Among the alternative sources used, biomass is observed to be predominant, corresponding to 50% of the installed capacity of those countries, collectively, followed by SSH (37%) and wind energy (13%). The installed capacity of photovoltaic energy (PV) continues to be insignificant. In this work, large hydroelectric plants are not included as renewable sources, only CHP is included. Among the countries studied, Brazil is currently responsible for more than 70% of the installed capacity of the renewable sources used for power generation, followed by Mexico (9%) and Argentina (7%). Colombia and Central American countries represent 5% of current installed capacity, each, and the remaining countries are responsible for 2%, with the exception of Venezuela. The high contribution of biomass as an alternative source in Brazil and Argentina explains its predominance in this area. With respect to total hydroelectric potential, Mexico has already exploited a large part portion of its economically viable resources, as much as 87.4%, much higher than the average for the region. While Brazil stands out for the large participation of hydroelectric energy, 58.4% of the economically exploitable capacity still remains. Nevertheless, those resources are concentrated in the northern region of the country and many environmental obstacles exist. Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru are the South American countries that still have the greatest availability of economically viable water resources to be exploited, since those countries do not even use 7% of the available potential. Venezuela and Paraguay stand out in South America as using more than 50% of the economically available potential for hydroelectric generation in the region. Geothermal energy is an important resource in Mexico and Central America, with an installed capacity of 965 MW and 502 MW in 2008, respectively. In those two cases, this is the primary source of power generation. Argentina's high-enthalpy fields are sufficient for geothermal use to generate energy, but there is no estimate of the generation potential. Chile is another country that tries to develop its geothermal potential. In 2009, the government of Chile requested bids for 20 contracts for geothermal energy exploitation. During the geothermal bidding process, 59 offers from exploitation projects were received and 9 companies were granted licenses for the 20 areas solicited. Biomass is an especially important energy resource in Brazil, where it has already surpassed CHP. It is also relevant in Argentina and Colombia, where it is associated with the alcohol-sugar industry and a growing interest in cogeneration systems. [Spanish] America Latina posee un rico patrimonio de recursos energeticos renovables, a pesar de que, historicamente, el aprovechamiento de estos recursos en la region se haya realizado a traves de grandes centrales de energia hidroelectrica. Sin embargo, hay un inmenso potencial de utilizacion mas amplia de nuevas fuentes de energia renovables: Pequenas Centrales Hidroelectricas (PCH), eolica, solar, geotermica, de acuerdo con lo que presenta en este informe. Considerando solamente las fuentes renovables utilizadas para la generacion de electricidad en los paises estudiados, se observa que dichas fuentes participan con entre el 2.5 y el 5% de la capacidad instalada actual de esos paises. Brasil y Peru tienen cerca del 5%, Argentina y Colombia aproximadamente el 4% y Mexico y Chile el 2.5% de su capacidad actual. Entre las fuentes alternativas utilizadas se observa el predominio de la biomasa, que corresponde al 50% de la capacidad instalada del conjunto de esos paises, seguida de las Pequenas Centrales Hidroelectricas (PCH) (37%) y la energia eolica (13%). La capacidad instalada de energia fotovoltaica (FV) todavia es insignificante. En este trabajo, las grandes hidroelectricas no se incluyen entre las fuentes renovables, solamente se incluyen las PCH. Entre los paises estudiados, Brasil es actualmente responsable por mas del 70% de la capacidad instalada de las fuentes renovables utilizadas para generacion de electricidad, seguido por Mexico (9%) y Argentina (7%). Colombia y los paises de America Central representan cada uno el 4% de la capacidad instalada actual y los demas paises son responsables por el 2%, con excepcion de Venezuela. La alta participacion de la biomasa entre las fuentes alternativas en Brasil y Argentina explica su predominancia en el ambito. Con relacion al potencial hidroelectrico total, Mexico ya exploto buena parte de sus recursos economicamente viables, llegando al indice de 87.4%, muy superior al promedio de la region. Brasil se destaca por la gran participacion de la energia hidroelectrica, pero todavia existe un 58.4% de la capacidad economicamente explotable para aprovechar. Sin embargo, esos recursos se concentran en la region Norte del pais y existen muchos obstaculos ambientales. Bolivia, Ecuador y Peru son los paises de America del Sur que todavia poseen la mayor disponibilidad de recursos hidricos economicamente viables para aprovechamiento, ya que dichos paises no aprovechan ni siquiera el 7% del potencial disponible. Venezuela y Paraguay se destacan en America del Sur por aprovechar mas del 50% del potencial economicamente disponible para la generacion hidroelectrica en la region. La energia geotermica es un recurso importante en Mexico y en America Central, con una capacidad instalada de 965 MW y 502 MW en 2008, respectivamente. En esos dos casos, es la principal fuente de generacion de electricidad. Argentina posee campos de alta entalpia, adecuados para el aprovechamiento geotermico para la generacion de electricidad, pero no hay ninguna estimacion del potencial de generacion. Chile es otro pais que trata de desarrollar su potencial geotermico. En 2009, el Gobierno de Chile llamo una licitacion para 20 concesiones de explotacion de energia geotermica. Durante el proceso de licitacion geotermica se recibieron 59 ofertas de proyectos de explotacion y se concedio a 9 empresas la concesion de las 20 areas licitadas. La biomasa es un recurso energetico de especial importancia en Brasil, donde ya supera a las PCH. Tambien es relevante en Argentina y Colombia, donde esta asociada a la industria alco-azucarera y al creciente interes en sistemas de cogeneracion.}
place = {Mexico}
year = {2010}
month = {Jul}
}