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Liquid Scintillation Detection of Tritium and other Radioisotopes in Insoluble or Quenching Organic Samples; Detection par compteur a scintillations a liquides du tritium et des autres radioelements contenus dans des echantillons organiques insolubles ou coupeurs; Obnaruzhenie tritiya metodom zhidkostnoj stsintillyatsii v nerastvorimykh ili sposo'nykh gasit' izluchenie organicheskikh o'raztsakh; Deteccion del tritio u otros radioisotopos por centelleo liquido en muestras organicas insolubles o que provocan extincion

Abstract

To facilitate a study of the H{sup 1}/H{sup 3} isotope effect in the reduction of organic compounds, it has been necessary to develop procedures to overcome the two major limitations of the most convenient general method of radioassaying organic material, liquid scintillation counting. These limitations, which are scintillation-quenching by many organic samples and limited solubility of others, are particularly common with material of biological significance: The procedures developed involve combustion of the sample wrapped in filter paper in art oxygen-filled flask, formation of a solution of the combustion products in a suitable solvent added to the flask before combustion, and scintillation-counting of the solution. Advantages of the developed, procedures, in addition to overcoming the indicated limitations, include efficacy with samples with a great range of activity (some as low as 1{mu}c/mole), good precision (as great as any other general method of radio-assaying H{sup 3}), and applicability to other soft beta emitters (C{sup 14} and S{sup 35}). With a scintillation spectrometer and the techniques developed, samples triply labelled with H{sup 3}, C{sup 14} and S{sup 35} can be differentially radio assayed. Details of the solvent systems and techniques developed are reported. Analytical results are reported for such quenching material as 2.4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazones  More>>
Authors:
Eastham, J F; Westbrook, H L; Gonzales, D [1] 
  1. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Publication Date:
Jan 15, 1962
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on Tritium in the Physical and Biological Sciences, Vienna (Austria), 3-10 May 1961; Other Information: 1 tab., 3 refs.; Related Information: In: Tritium in the Physical and Biological Sciences. V. 1. Proceedings of a Symposium| 380 p.
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; ACCURACY; CARBOHYDRATES; CARBON 14; COMBUSTION; COMBUSTION PRODUCTS; DETECTION; EVALUATION; HYDRAZONES; ISOTOPE EFFECTS; LIQUIDS; PROTEINS; SCINTILLATION COUNTING; SCINTILLATION QUENCHING; SCINTILLATIONS; SOLUBILITY; SOLUTIONS; SOLVENTS; SPECTROMETERS; SULFUR 35; TRITIUM
OSTI ID:
22028519
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA12R0271116785
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 203-209
Announcement Date:
Jan 24, 2013

Citation Formats

Eastham, J F, Westbrook, H L, and Gonzales, D. Liquid Scintillation Detection of Tritium and other Radioisotopes in Insoluble or Quenching Organic Samples; Detection par compteur a scintillations a liquides du tritium et des autres radioelements contenus dans des echantillons organiques insolubles ou coupeurs; Obnaruzhenie tritiya metodom zhidkostnoj stsintillyatsii v nerastvorimykh ili sposo'nykh gasit' izluchenie organicheskikh o'raztsakh; Deteccion del tritio u otros radioisotopos por centelleo liquido en muestras organicas insolubles o que provocan extincion. IAEA: N. p., 1962. Web.
Eastham, J F, Westbrook, H L, & Gonzales, D. Liquid Scintillation Detection of Tritium and other Radioisotopes in Insoluble or Quenching Organic Samples; Detection par compteur a scintillations a liquides du tritium et des autres radioelements contenus dans des echantillons organiques insolubles ou coupeurs; Obnaruzhenie tritiya metodom zhidkostnoj stsintillyatsii v nerastvorimykh ili sposo'nykh gasit' izluchenie organicheskikh o'raztsakh; Deteccion del tritio u otros radioisotopos por centelleo liquido en muestras organicas insolubles o que provocan extincion. IAEA.
Eastham, J F, Westbrook, H L, and Gonzales, D. 1962. "Liquid Scintillation Detection of Tritium and other Radioisotopes in Insoluble or Quenching Organic Samples; Detection par compteur a scintillations a liquides du tritium et des autres radioelements contenus dans des echantillons organiques insolubles ou coupeurs; Obnaruzhenie tritiya metodom zhidkostnoj stsintillyatsii v nerastvorimykh ili sposo'nykh gasit' izluchenie organicheskikh o'raztsakh; Deteccion del tritio u otros radioisotopos por centelleo liquido en muestras organicas insolubles o que provocan extincion." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22028519,
title = {Liquid Scintillation Detection of Tritium and other Radioisotopes in Insoluble or Quenching Organic Samples; Detection par compteur a scintillations a liquides du tritium et des autres radioelements contenus dans des echantillons organiques insolubles ou coupeurs; Obnaruzhenie tritiya metodom zhidkostnoj stsintillyatsii v nerastvorimykh ili sposo'nykh gasit' izluchenie organicheskikh o'raztsakh; Deteccion del tritio u otros radioisotopos por centelleo liquido en muestras organicas insolubles o que provocan extincion}
author = {Eastham, J F, Westbrook, H L, and Gonzales, D}
abstractNote = {To facilitate a study of the H{sup 1}/H{sup 3} isotope effect in the reduction of organic compounds, it has been necessary to develop procedures to overcome the two major limitations of the most convenient general method of radioassaying organic material, liquid scintillation counting. These limitations, which are scintillation-quenching by many organic samples and limited solubility of others, are particularly common with material of biological significance: The procedures developed involve combustion of the sample wrapped in filter paper in art oxygen-filled flask, formation of a solution of the combustion products in a suitable solvent added to the flask before combustion, and scintillation-counting of the solution. Advantages of the developed, procedures, in addition to overcoming the indicated limitations, include efficacy with samples with a great range of activity (some as low as 1{mu}c/mole), good precision (as great as any other general method of radio-assaying H{sup 3}), and applicability to other soft beta emitters (C{sup 14} and S{sup 35}). With a scintillation spectrometer and the techniques developed, samples triply labelled with H{sup 3}, C{sup 14} and S{sup 35} can be differentially radio assayed. Details of the solvent systems and techniques developed are reported. Analytical results are reported for such quenching material as 2.4-dinitrophenyl-hydrazones dyes and for such insoluble materials as proteins and carbohydrates. Application of the techniques to evaluation of H{sup 1}/H{sup 3} isotope effects in certain reduction reactions are discussed. (author) [French] Pour faciliter l'etude de l'effet isotopique ''1H/''3H dans la reduction des composes organiques, il a fallu mettre au point des procedes permettant d'elargir le champ d'application de la methode generale la plus pratique de radioanalyse des matieres organiques, savoir l'analyse au moyen d'un compteur a scintillations a liquides. En effet, ce champ d'application est limite pour deux raisons: beaucoup d'echantillons organiques provoquent le coupage; d'autres echantillons sont peu solubles. Ces limitations sont particulierement frequentes dans le cas des substances importantes du point de vue biologique. Le procede mis au point par les auteurs comporte la combustion de l'echantillon enveloppe de papier filtre, dans un ballon rempli d'oxygene; la dissolution des produits de combustion dans un solvant approprie ajoute au ballon avant la combustion; enfin, le comptage de la solution. Parmi les avantages de ce procede, on relevera - outre le fait qu'il permet d'elargir le champ d'application de la methode en supprimant les limitations mentionnees plus haut - son efficacite pour des echantillons ayant des activites extremement diverses (dans certains cas, elles ne depassent pas 1 {mu}c par mole), son excellente precision (aussi grande que celle de toute autre methode generale de radioanalyse du tritium) et la possibilite de l'appliquer a d'autres emetteurs beta mous ({sup 14}C et {sup 35}S). Avec un spectrotnetre a scintillations et le procede mis au point par les auteurs, des echantillons marques par trois indicateurs (tritium, carbone-14 et soufre-35) peuvent faire l'objet d'une radioanalyse differentielle. Les auteurs donnent des details sur les solvants utilises et les techniques mises au point, et indiquent les resultats de l'analyse pour des matieres provoquant le coupage telles que les dinitro-2,4, phenylhydrazones et les colorants au thiazole, ainsi que pour des matieres insolubles telles que les proteines et les hydrates de carbone. Ils rendent compte de l'application du procede a l'evaluation des effets isotopiques {sup 1}H/{sup 3}H dans certaines reactions de reduction. (author) [Spanish] Para facilitar el estudio del efecto isotopico {sup 1}H/{sup 3}H en la reduccion de compuestos organicos, ha sido preciso idear procedimientos a fin de vencer los dos inconvenientes principales que presenta el metodo de radioanalisis general mas apropiado para las sustancias organicas, a saber, el recuento por centelleos de liquidos. Estos inconvenientes, que son la extincion del centelleo producida por. muchas muestras organicas y la escasa solubilidad de otras, son particularmente frecuentes en las sustancias de importancia biologica. El procedimiento ideado por los autores consiste en lo siguiente: combustion de la muestra, envuelta en papel de filtro, en un matraz lleno de oxigeno; disolucion de los productos de combustion en un disolvente adecuado que se introduce en el matraz antes de la combustion, y recuento por centelleo de la actividad de la solucion. Ademas de superar los inconvenientes mencionados, este procedimiento posee otras ventajas: eficacia con muestras de actividades muy diversas (algunas, tan baja como 1{mu}c/M), precision (tan elevada como la de cualquier otro metodo general de radioanalisis del {sup 3}H) y posibilidad de aplicarlo a otros emisores beta blandos ({sup 14}C y {sup 35}S). Con un espectrometro de centelleo y merced al procedimiento ideado, es posible efectuar un radioanalisis diferencial de muestras marcadas con tres indicadores ({sup 3}H, {sup 14}C y {sup 35}S). Los autores describen con detalle las tecnicas y los sistemas de disolventes utilizados. Asimismo, exponen los resultados obtenidos en el analisis de sustancias que provocan extincion, como 2,4- dinitrofenilhidrazona s y colorantes de tiazol, y de sustancias insolubles, como proteinas e hidratos de carbono. Estudian la aplicacion de estas tecnicas al analisis de los efectos isotopicos {sup 1}H/{sup 3}H en ciertas reacciones de reduccion. (author) [Russian] CHtoby oblegchit' izuchenie vliyaniya izotopa H{sup 1}/H{sup 3} na vosstanovlenie organicheskikh soedinenij neobkhodimo bylo razrabotat' protsedury dlya preodoleniya dvukh osnovnykh ogranichenij v naibolee udobnom obshchem metode izmereniya radioaktivnosti organicheskikh veshchestv posredstvom zhidkostnogo stsintillyatora . EHti ogranicheniya, kotorymi yavlyayutsya stsintillyatsionnoe gashenie mnogimi organicheskimi obraztsami i ogranichennaya rastvorimost ' drugikh, prisushchi takzhe biologicheskim veshchestvam. Razrabotannye protsedury vklyuchayut v sebya okislenie obernutogo v fil'troval'nuyu bumagu obraztsa v kolbe, napolnennoj kislorodom, obrazovanie rastvora okislennykh produktov v sootvetstvuyushchem rastvoritele, dobavlennom v kolbu pered okisleniem, i stsintillyatsionnyj schet rastvora. Preimushchestva razrabotannykh protsedur dlya preodoleniya ukazannykh ogranichenij vklyuchayut: kachestvo operatsii s obraztsami bol'shogo diapazona aktivnosti (nekotorye s takoj nizkoj aktivnost'yu kak 1{mu}c//mo1e), bol'shuyu tochnost' (takuyu zhe kak pri lyubom drugom obshchem metode izmereniya radioaktivnosti H{sup 3}), i primenimost' k drugim myagkim beta-izluchatelyam (C{sup 14} i k{sup 35}). S pomoshch'yu stsintillyatsionnogo spektrometra i razrabotannykh protsedur mozhet byt' razdel'no izmerena radioaktivnost ' obraztsov mechennykh trizhdy H{sup 3}, C{sup 14} i k{sup 35}. Detali, kasayushchiesya sistem rastvoritelya i razrabotannykh metodov, budut izlozheny v doklade, krome togo v nem budet dana rabochaya kharakteristika novogo, otnositel'no nedorogogo odnokanal'nogo stsintillyatsionnogo spektrometra. Budut izlozheny analiticheskie rezul'taty, kasayushchiesya takogo gasyashchego izluchenie materiala, kak 2,4-dinitro-fenilgidrozony i tiazolidy, a takzhe takikh nerastvorimykh materialov, kak proteiny i ugolevdy. Budet obsuzhdeno primenenie metodov k otsenke izotopnogo ehffekta H{sup 1}/H{sup 3} v opredelennykh reaktsiyakh vosstanovleniya. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1962}
month = {Jan}
}