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Tritium Studies in the United States. Geological Survey; Le tritium dans les etudes entreprises par le Service Geologique des Etats-Unis; Izuchenie tritiya v svyazi s geologicheskim obsledovaniem ssha; El tritio en los estudios del Servicio Geologico de los Estados Unidos

Abstract

The Geological Survey is conducting a programe of research in laboratory analysis of tritium and in several field projects designed to test the value of tritium in hydrologie research. Laboratory studies have been undertaken to improve the gas-phase counting technique and to develop a simple instrumentation adapted to programme requirements of long-range hydrologie research. Investigation of various gas-counting mixtures indicates that hydrogen-ether and hydrogen-ethylene mixtures are superior. Electrolytic enrichment has been investigated with the objective of improving reproducibility and evaluating separation factors under several conditions. A system that provides 75% tritium recovery on a routine basis has been developed. The principal field projects consist in: (1) A tritium study in the Coastal Plain of New Jersey indicating that layering of water of different ages occurs beneath the water table; (2) Studies in two different geologic terranes for determination of the fate of tritium fallout in the 1958 thermonuclear bomb tests; (3) Use of tritium to determine ground-water recharge to Tertiary sandstones underlying the semi-arid High Plains of New Mexico; (4) A study of tritium content of the ground water of the Snake River Plain in Idaho to develop information on the age of and rates and direction of movement of  More>>
Authors:
Carlston, C W; Thatcher, L L [1] 
  1. United States Geological Survey, Washington, DC (United States)
Publication Date:
Jan 15, 1962
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Symposium on Tritium in the Physical and Biological Sciences, Vienna (Austria), 3-10 May 1961; Other Information: 2 tabs., 3 refs.; Related Information: In: Tritium in the Physical and Biological Sciences. V. 1. Proceedings of a Symposium| 380 p.
Subject:
58 GEOSCIENCES; 07 ISOTOPES AND RADIATION SOURCES; COUNTING TECHNIQUES; GEOLOGIC SURVEYS; GROUND WATER; MIXTURES; SNAKE RIVER PLAIN; TRITIUM; TRITIUM RECOVERY; WATER TABLES
OSTI ID:
22028508
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA12R0260116774
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 75-81
Announcement Date:
Jan 24, 2013

Citation Formats

Carlston, C W, and Thatcher, L L. Tritium Studies in the United States. Geological Survey; Le tritium dans les etudes entreprises par le Service Geologique des Etats-Unis; Izuchenie tritiya v svyazi s geologicheskim obsledovaniem ssha; El tritio en los estudios del Servicio Geologico de los Estados Unidos. IAEA: N. p., 1962. Web.
Carlston, C W, & Thatcher, L L. Tritium Studies in the United States. Geological Survey; Le tritium dans les etudes entreprises par le Service Geologique des Etats-Unis; Izuchenie tritiya v svyazi s geologicheskim obsledovaniem ssha; El tritio en los estudios del Servicio Geologico de los Estados Unidos. IAEA.
Carlston, C W, and Thatcher, L L. 1962. "Tritium Studies in the United States. Geological Survey; Le tritium dans les etudes entreprises par le Service Geologique des Etats-Unis; Izuchenie tritiya v svyazi s geologicheskim obsledovaniem ssha; El tritio en los estudios del Servicio Geologico de los Estados Unidos." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22028508,
title = {Tritium Studies in the United States. Geological Survey; Le tritium dans les etudes entreprises par le Service Geologique des Etats-Unis; Izuchenie tritiya v svyazi s geologicheskim obsledovaniem ssha; El tritio en los estudios del Servicio Geologico de los Estados Unidos}
author = {Carlston, C W, and Thatcher, L L}
abstractNote = {The Geological Survey is conducting a programe of research in laboratory analysis of tritium and in several field projects designed to test the value of tritium in hydrologie research. Laboratory studies have been undertaken to improve the gas-phase counting technique and to develop a simple instrumentation adapted to programme requirements of long-range hydrologie research. Investigation of various gas-counting mixtures indicates that hydrogen-ether and hydrogen-ethylene mixtures are superior. Electrolytic enrichment has been investigated with the objective of improving reproducibility and evaluating separation factors under several conditions. A system that provides 75% tritium recovery on a routine basis has been developed. The principal field projects consist in: (1) A tritium study in the Coastal Plain of New Jersey indicating that layering of water of different ages occurs beneath the water table; (2) Studies in two different geologic terranes for determination of the fate of tritium fallout in the 1958 thermonuclear bomb tests; (3) Use of tritium to determine ground-water recharge to Tertiary sandstones underlying the semi-arid High Plains of New Mexico; (4) A study of tritium content of the ground water of the Snake River Plain in Idaho to develop information on the age of and rates and direction of movement of water; and (5) Use of manufactured tritium as a tracer for determination of the capacity of an underground reservoir near Carlsbad, New Mexico. (author) [French] Le Service geologique poursuit un programme de recherches qui comprend l'analyse du tritium au laboratoire et plusieurs projets executes sur le terrain et destines a verifier quelle est l'utilite du tritium dans la recherche hydrologique. Il a entrepris des etudes de laboratoire pour ameliorer la technique de comptage en phase gazeuse et mettre au point un appareillage simple, adapte aux besoins du programme en matiere de recherches hydrologiques a long terme. L'etude de divers melanges de gaz pour le comptage indique la superiorite des melanges hydrogene-ether et hydrogene-ethylene. Le Service a fait des recherches sur l'enrichissement electrolytique en vue d'ameliorer la reproductibilite et d'evaluer les facteurs de separation dans differentes conditions. Il a mis au point un systeme qui permet de recuperer regulierement 75% de tritium. Les principaux projets executes sur le terrain sont: 1. Une etude au moyen du tritium faite dans la plaine cotiere du New Jersey, d'ou il ressort qu'il se produit sous le niveau de la nappe aquifere une superposition par couches des eaux de differents ages. 2. Des etudes sur deux differents massifs autochtones, dont l'objet est de determiner le sort des retombees de tritium provenant des essais de bombes thermonucleaires effectues en 1958. 3. L'utilisation du tritium en vue d'etudier le reapprovisionnement en eau souterreine des gres tertiaires qui constituent le soubassement des hauts plateaux semi-arides du Nouveau-Mexique. 4. Une etude sur la teneur en tritium des eaux souterraines de la Snake River Plain dans l'Idaho, dont l'objet est de recueillir des renseignements sur l'age de ces eaux, ainsi que sur leur debit et la direction de leur mouvement. 5. L'utilisation comme indicateur de tritium prepare, en vue de determiner la capacite d'un reservoir souterrain pres de Carlsbad (Nouveau-Mexique). (author) [Spanish] El Servicio Geologico de los Estados Unidos esta llevando a la practica un programa de investigaciones que abarca analisis de tritio en el laboratorio y varios estudios en el terreno, con el fin de probar la utilidad del tritio en las investigaciones hidrologicas. Se han emprendido estudios de laboratorio tendientes a mejorar la tecnica de recuento en fase gaseosa y a perfeccionar un instrumental sencillo que satisfaga las exigencias de un programa de investigaciones hidrologicas a largo plazo. De los estudios efectuados con distintas mezclas gaseosas de recuento, se deduce que la de hidrogeno-eter y la de hydrogeno-etileno son las mas satisfactorias. Se ha estudiado el enriquecimiento electrolitico con el proposito de mejorar la reproductibilidad del metodo y de evaluar los factores de separacion en diferentes condiciones experimentales. Se ha encontrado un prodecimiento que permite recuperar regularmente el 75 por ciento del tritio. Los principales trabajos efectuados en el terreno consisten en: 1. Un estudio realizado con ayuda de tritio en la llanura costera de Nueva Jersey, el cual indica que debajo del nivel freatico el agua aparece dispuesta en capas de diferentes edades. 2. Estudios en dos macizos autoctonos diferentes con el fin de determinar el comportamiento del tritio precipitado a raiz de los ensayos termonucleares realizados en 1958. 3. Utilizacion del tritio para determinar la renovacion del agua subterranea en las areniscas terciarias subyacentes a los altiplanos semiaridos de Nuevo Mexico. 4. Un estudio del contenido de tritio en las aguas subterraneas de la llanura del Snake River-en Idaho, que se lleva a cabo en procura de datos sobre la edad, los caudales y la direccion de cir, culacion del agua. 5. La determinacion de la capacidad de un deposito subterraneo proximo a Carlsbad, Nuevo Mexico, usando tritio industrial como indicador. (author) [Russian] Upravlenie geologicheskogo obsledovaniya provodit issledovatel'skuyu programmu kak po linii laboratornogo analiza tritiya, tak i v tselom ryade proektov na mestakh, napravlennykh na izuchenie vozmozhnoj foli tritiya v gidrologicheskikh izyskaniyakh. Laboratornye issledovaniya byli predprinyaty s tsel'yu usovershenstvovaniya tekhniki otschetov impul'sov gazovoj fazy, a takzhe s tsel'yu razrabotki prostykh priborov, prisposoblennykh dlya vypolneniya programmy dolgosrochnogo gidrologicheskogo obsledovaniya . Izuchenie razlichnykh prigodnykh dlya scheta gazovykh smesej pokazyvaet na preimushchestva smesej' vodoroda s ehfirom i vodoroda s ehtilenom. Bylo izucheno ehlekroliticheskoe obogashchenie s tsel'yu uluchsheniya vosproizvodimosti i otsenki koeffitsientov otdeleniya v raznoobraznykh usloviyakh. Byla vyrabotana sistema, obespechivayushchaya pri obychnoj rabote 75-protsentnoe vosstanovlenie tritiya. Glavnye proekty na mestakh predstavlyayutsya v sleduyushchem vide: 1) Issledovanie pri pomoshchi ritiya pribrezhnoj doliny N'yu-Dzhersi pokazyvaet, chto nizhe gorizonta gruntovykh vod proiskhodit rassloenie vody v zavisimosti ot ee vozrasta. 2) V dvukh razlichnykh geologicheskikh gruntakh byli proizvedeny issledovaniya dlya opredeleniya sud'by radioaktivnykh osadkov tritiya posle ispytaniya termoyadernoj bomby v 1958 godu. 3) Tritij ispol'zuetsya dlya opredeleniya vosstanovleniya vodnykh apasov v tretichnykh peschanikakh podpochvennykh plastov polupustynny h loskogorij Novoj Meksiki. 4) Proizvoditsya issledovanie soderzhaniya tritiya v podpochvennykh vodakh doliny reki Snejk v Ajdakho dlya polucheniya svedenij otnositel'no vozrasta ehtoj vody, skorosti ee techeniya i ego napravleniya. 5) Iskusstvennyj tritij ispol'zuetsya v vide indikatora dlya opredeleniya emkosti podpochvennogo vodonosnogo bassejna vblizi Karlsbada, v Novoj Meksike. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1962}
month = {Jan}
}