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Gamma-Ray-Initiated Graft Copolymerization on the Surface of Nylon Fibers and in the Inner Layers of Cellulosic Fibers; Amorcage par rayons gamma de la formation de copolymeres greffes a la surface de fibres de nylon et dans les couches internes de fibres cellulosiques; Sopolimerizatsionnoe narashchivanie na poverkhnosti nejlonovogo volokna i vo vnutrennikh sloyakh tsellyuloznykh volokon pod dejstviem gamma-izluchenij; Copolimerizacion por injerto radioinducida en la superficie de fibras de nylon y en las capas internas de fibras celulosicas

Abstract

Crosslinks are formed as a result of the irradiation of nylon fibers in an atmosphere of nitrogen whereas degradation takes place on irradiation in air. Changes taking place on irradiation were studied by measurements of the viscosities of the irradiated fibers in sulphuric acid solutions. The tensile properties were also examined in air. If nylon fiber is irradiated in nitrogen, dipped in an aqueous solution of acrylamide and irradiated, grafting takes place only on the surface. When the preliminary irradiation is carried out in air, grafting takes place within the fiber. The location of the graft polymer is obtained by dyeing the fiber. The extent of grafting of cellulose fibers with styrene from methanol solution is very considerably increased if the cellulose fibers are swollen in a 5 - 10% solution of formamide in methanol. The effect of the concentrations of formamide and styrene in the methanolic solutions were studied and maximum grafting was found to occur at 5% formamide and 70% styrene concentrations. At dose rates of the order of 10{sup 5}r./h. it was found that the rate of grafting was diffusion controlled. (author) [French] L'irradiation de fibres de nylon dans une atmosphere d'azote provoque une reticulation tandis que  More>>
Publication Date:
Jul 15, 1960
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Conference on the application of large radiation sources in industry, Warsaw (Poland), 8-12 Sep 1959; Other Information: 8 figs., 2 tabs., 9 photos, 10 refs.; Related Information: In: Large radiation sources in industry. Proceedings of a conference on the application of large radiation sources in industry. V. I| 492 p.
Subject:
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY; ACRYLAMIDE; AIR; AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS; CELLULOSE; COPOLYMERIZATION; DOSE RATES; FIBERS; FORMAMIDE; GAMMA RADIATION; GRAFT POLYMERS; GRAFTS; IRRADIATION; LAYERS; METHANOL; NITROGEN; NYLON; STYRENE; SULFURIC ACID; SURFACES; TENSILE PROPERTIES
OSTI ID:
22025827
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA12R0237113120
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 459-470
Announcement Date:
Jan 17, 2013

Citation Formats

Okamura, S, Iwasaki, T, Kobayashi, Y, and Hayashi, K. Gamma-Ray-Initiated Graft Copolymerization on the Surface of Nylon Fibers and in the Inner Layers of Cellulosic Fibers; Amorcage par rayons gamma de la formation de copolymeres greffes a la surface de fibres de nylon et dans les couches internes de fibres cellulosiques; Sopolimerizatsionnoe narashchivanie na poverkhnosti nejlonovogo volokna i vo vnutrennikh sloyakh tsellyuloznykh volokon pod dejstviem gamma-izluchenij; Copolimerizacion por injerto radioinducida en la superficie de fibras de nylon y en las capas internas de fibras celulosicas. IAEA: N. p., 1960. Web.
Okamura, S, Iwasaki, T, Kobayashi, Y, & Hayashi, K. Gamma-Ray-Initiated Graft Copolymerization on the Surface of Nylon Fibers and in the Inner Layers of Cellulosic Fibers; Amorcage par rayons gamma de la formation de copolymeres greffes a la surface de fibres de nylon et dans les couches internes de fibres cellulosiques; Sopolimerizatsionnoe narashchivanie na poverkhnosti nejlonovogo volokna i vo vnutrennikh sloyakh tsellyuloznykh volokon pod dejstviem gamma-izluchenij; Copolimerizacion por injerto radioinducida en la superficie de fibras de nylon y en las capas internas de fibras celulosicas. IAEA.
Okamura, S, Iwasaki, T, Kobayashi, Y, and Hayashi, K. 1960. "Gamma-Ray-Initiated Graft Copolymerization on the Surface of Nylon Fibers and in the Inner Layers of Cellulosic Fibers; Amorcage par rayons gamma de la formation de copolymeres greffes a la surface de fibres de nylon et dans les couches internes de fibres cellulosiques; Sopolimerizatsionnoe narashchivanie na poverkhnosti nejlonovogo volokna i vo vnutrennikh sloyakh tsellyuloznykh volokon pod dejstviem gamma-izluchenij; Copolimerizacion por injerto radioinducida en la superficie de fibras de nylon y en las capas internas de fibras celulosicas." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22025827,
title = {Gamma-Ray-Initiated Graft Copolymerization on the Surface of Nylon Fibers and in the Inner Layers of Cellulosic Fibers; Amorcage par rayons gamma de la formation de copolymeres greffes a la surface de fibres de nylon et dans les couches internes de fibres cellulosiques; Sopolimerizatsionnoe narashchivanie na poverkhnosti nejlonovogo volokna i vo vnutrennikh sloyakh tsellyuloznykh volokon pod dejstviem gamma-izluchenij; Copolimerizacion por injerto radioinducida en la superficie de fibras de nylon y en las capas internas de fibras celulosicas}
author = {Okamura, S, Iwasaki, T, Kobayashi, Y, and Hayashi, K}
abstractNote = {Crosslinks are formed as a result of the irradiation of nylon fibers in an atmosphere of nitrogen whereas degradation takes place on irradiation in air. Changes taking place on irradiation were studied by measurements of the viscosities of the irradiated fibers in sulphuric acid solutions. The tensile properties were also examined in air. If nylon fiber is irradiated in nitrogen, dipped in an aqueous solution of acrylamide and irradiated, grafting takes place only on the surface. When the preliminary irradiation is carried out in air, grafting takes place within the fiber. The location of the graft polymer is obtained by dyeing the fiber. The extent of grafting of cellulose fibers with styrene from methanol solution is very considerably increased if the cellulose fibers are swollen in a 5 - 10% solution of formamide in methanol. The effect of the concentrations of formamide and styrene in the methanolic solutions were studied and maximum grafting was found to occur at 5% formamide and 70% styrene concentrations. At dose rates of the order of 10{sup 5}r./h. it was found that the rate of grafting was diffusion controlled. (author) [French] L'irradiation de fibres de nylon dans une atmosphere d'azote provoque une reticulation tandis que l'irradiation dans l'air entraine une degradation des polymeres. Les auteurs ont etudie les modifications qui se produisent sous l'effet de l'irradiation, en mesurant la viscosite des fibres irradiees dans des solutions d'acide sulfurique. Ils ont aussi examine la resistance a la tension dans l'air. Si la fibre de nylon est d'abord irradiee dans l'azote, plongee dans une solution aqueuse d'acrylamide puis irradiee de nouveau, le greffage ne se produit qu'en surface. Lorsque l'irradiation preliminaire est faite dans l'air, le greffage se produit a l'interieur de la fibre. On localise le polymere greffe en colorant la fibre. Le greffage des fibres cellulosiques en presence de styrolene dissous dans du methanol augmente considerablement lorsque l'on fait gonfler les fibres cellulosiques dans du methanol contenant de 5 a 10 pour cent de formamide. Les auteurs ont etudie l'effet des concentrations de formamide et de styrolene en solution dans le methanol et ont constate que la greffage atteint son maximum lorsque le taux de concentration est de 5 pour cent pour le formamide et de 70 pour cent pour le styrolene. Pour des doses d'irradiation de l'ordre de 10{sup 5} r/h, ils ont constate que le taux de greffage etait fonction de la diffussion. (author) [Spanish] La irradiacion de fibras de nylon en una atmosfera de nitrogeno provoca la formacion de enlaces transversales, en tanto que la irradiacion en presencia del aire se traduce en una degradacion. Las alteraciones causadas por la irradiacion se estudiaron disolviendo las fibras irradiadas en acido sulfurico y midiendo la viscosidad de la solucion asi obtenida. Tambien se estudio la resistencia a la traccion de las fibras irradiadas en presencia de aire. Cuando el material se irradia en una atmosfera de nitrogeno para sumergirse luego en una solucion acuosa de acrilamida e irradiarse nuevamente, se observa que el injerto tiene lugar exclusivamente en la superficie de la fibra. Por el contrario, cuando la irradiacion previa se realiza en presencia del aire, el injerto se produce en las capas internas de las fibras. El polimero injertado puede localizarse por tincion de las fibras. La medida en que el estireno disuelto en metanol se injerta en la celulosa aumenta considerablement e cuando las fibras se sumergen previamente en una solucion del 5 al 10 por ciento de formamida en metanol. Se ha estudiado el efecto de la concentracion de formamida y de estireno en las soluciones de metanol, comprobandos e que el grado de injerto mas elevado se alcanza cuando la concentracion de formamida asciende a un 5 por ciento, y la de estireno a un 70 por ciento. Por otra parte, se ha llegado a la conclusion de que la difusion es el fenomeno que regula la velocidad de injerto cuando la irradiacion se efectua con dosis especificas del orden de los 10{sup 5} roentgens/hora . (author) [Russian] V rezul'tate oblucheniya nejlonovogo volokna v azotnoj srede sozdaetsya poperechnaya svyaz', togda kak pri obluchenii v vozdushnoj srede proiskhodit reaktsiya, vedushchaya k umen'sheniyu velichiny molekul. Proiskhodyashchie pod vliyaniem oblucheniya izmeneniya byli izucheny posredstvom izmereniya vyazkosti volokna, obluchennogo v rastvorakh sernoj kisloty. Prochnost' na rastyazhenie byla izuchena takzhe v vozdushnoj srede. Pri obluchenii v azotnoj srede pogruzhennogo v vodnyj rastvor akrilamida nejlonovogo volokna narashchivanie imeet mesto lish' na poverkhnosti. Esli zhe predvaritel'noe obluchenie proizvodilos' v vozdushnoj srede, to narashchivanie proiskhodit i vo vnutrennikh sloyakh volokna. Stepen' narashchivaniya tsellyuloznykh volokon pri pomoshchi stirola iz metanolovogo rastvora znachitel'no povyshaetsya, esli voloknu dat' nabukhnut' v 5-10 protsentnom rastvore formamida v metanole. Bylo izucheno vliyanie kontsentratsii formamida i stirola v rastvorakh metanola, prichem bylo ustanovleno, chto maksimal'noe narashchivanie proiskhodit v 5-protsentnom rastvore formamida i 70-protsentnoj kontsentratsii stirola. Pri moshchnosti dozy priblizitel'no v 10{sup 5} r/chas ustanovleno, chto skorost' narashchivaniya opredelyaetsya diffuziej. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1960}
month = {Jul}
}