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Ethylene Polymerization by Gamma Irradiation; Polymerisation de l'ethylene par irradiation; Polimerizatsiya ehtilen a pod vliyaniem gamma-izlucheniya; Polimerizacion del etileno por irradiacion gamma

Abstract

Radiation polymerization of ethylene was investigated. To increase the rate initiation polymerization was carried out in solutions of organic substances (alcohols, acethone, aliphatic hydrocarbons). It was shown that at a constant pressure of 50 atm. and room temperature the rate of the process in solution is 10 to 15 times higher than in the gaseous medium. A detailed study was made of ethylene polymerization when irradiated with a cobalt-60 source in gas, pressure (50 to 300 atm.), dose rate (20 to 160 roentgen per second) and temperature (0 to 50{sup o} C), being the variables. The rate of the process, the radiation-chemical yield and mean molecular weight of the polymers exhibit a sharp increase with pressure (from 50 to 200 atm. the rate of polymerization is proportional to the fourth power of ethylene concentration). The polymerization rate depends only slightly on the dose rate (it being proportional to the 0.3 power of the dose rate), while the radiation-chemical yield and mean molecular weight of the polymers increase as the dose rate drops. The rate of the process and the molecular weight show some increase as the temperature rises. The possible explanation of the kinetic regularities observed are discussed in the  More>>
Authors:
Medvedev, S S; Abkin, A D; Khomikovsky, P M [1] 
  1. Fiziko-khimicheskij institut im. Karpova, SSSR, Moscow, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Russian Federation)
Publication Date:
Jul 15, 1960
Product Type:
Conference
Resource Relation:
Conference: Conference on the application of large radiation sources in industry, Warsaw (Poland), 8-12 Sep 1959; Other Information: 8 figs., 6 tabs., 10 refs.; Related Information: In: Large radiation sources in industry. Proceedings of a conference on the application of large radiation sources in industry. V. I| 492 p.
Subject:
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY; ALCOHOLS; CHEMICAL PROPERTIES; COBALT 60; CRYSTALLIZATION; DOSE RATES; ETHYLENE; GAMMA RADIATION; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; POLYETHYLENES; POLYMERIZATION; SOLUTIONS; VISCOSITY
OSTI ID:
22025821
Research Organizations:
International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)
Country of Origin:
IAEA
Language:
English
Other Identifying Numbers:
Other: ISSN 0074-1884; TRN: XA12R0231113114
Submitting Site:
INIS
Size:
page(s) 375-390
Announcement Date:
Jan 17, 2013

Citation Formats

Medvedev, S S, Abkin, A D, and Khomikovsky, P M. Ethylene Polymerization by Gamma Irradiation; Polymerisation de l'ethylene par irradiation; Polimerizatsiya ehtilen a pod vliyaniem gamma-izlucheniya; Polimerizacion del etileno por irradiacion gamma. IAEA: N. p., 1960. Web.
Medvedev, S S, Abkin, A D, & Khomikovsky, P M. Ethylene Polymerization by Gamma Irradiation; Polymerisation de l'ethylene par irradiation; Polimerizatsiya ehtilen a pod vliyaniem gamma-izlucheniya; Polimerizacion del etileno por irradiacion gamma. IAEA.
Medvedev, S S, Abkin, A D, and Khomikovsky, P M. 1960. "Ethylene Polymerization by Gamma Irradiation; Polymerisation de l'ethylene par irradiation; Polimerizatsiya ehtilen a pod vliyaniem gamma-izlucheniya; Polimerizacion del etileno por irradiacion gamma." IAEA.
@misc{etde_22025821,
title = {Ethylene Polymerization by Gamma Irradiation; Polymerisation de l'ethylene par irradiation; Polimerizatsiya ehtilen a pod vliyaniem gamma-izlucheniya; Polimerizacion del etileno por irradiacion gamma}
author = {Medvedev, S S, Abkin, A D, and Khomikovsky, P M}
abstractNote = {Radiation polymerization of ethylene was investigated. To increase the rate initiation polymerization was carried out in solutions of organic substances (alcohols, acethone, aliphatic hydrocarbons). It was shown that at a constant pressure of 50 atm. and room temperature the rate of the process in solution is 10 to 15 times higher than in the gaseous medium. A detailed study was made of ethylene polymerization when irradiated with a cobalt-60 source in gas, pressure (50 to 300 atm.), dose rate (20 to 160 roentgen per second) and temperature (0 to 50{sup o} C), being the variables. The rate of the process, the radiation-chemical yield and mean molecular weight of the polymers exhibit a sharp increase with pressure (from 50 to 200 atm. the rate of polymerization is proportional to the fourth power of ethylene concentration). The polymerization rate depends only slightly on the dose rate (it being proportional to the 0.3 power of the dose rate), while the radiation-chemical yield and mean molecular weight of the polymers increase as the dose rate drops. The rate of the process and the molecular weight show some increase as the temperature rises. The possible explanation of the kinetic regularities observed are discussed in the report. Radiation polyethylene is distinguished from the high pressure one by increased density and crystallization. The polymer with a characteristic viscosity of over I (obtained at a pressure of 100-200 atm.) is similar in its chemical properties to high-pressure polyethylene. (author) [French] Les auteurs ont etudie la polymerisation de l'ethylene par irradiation. Pour accelerer la polymerisation, l'amorcage a ete effectue dans des solutions de substances organiques (alcools, acetones, hydrocarbones aliphatiques). Les auteurs ont montre qu'a une pression constante de 50 atmospheres et a la temperature ambiante la vitesse du processus est dix a quinze fois plus grande dans les solutions qu'en milieu gazeux. Les auteurs ont etudie en detail la polymerisation de l'ethylene irradie par une source de cobalt-60, en milieu gazeux, en faisant varier la pression (de 50 a 300 atmospheres), l'intensite d'irradiation (de 20 a 160 roentgens par seconde) et la temperature (de zero a 50{sup o} C). La vitesse du processus, le rendement radiochimique et le poids moleculaire moyen des polymeres accusent une augmentation brusque avec la pression (entre 50 et 200 atmospheres la vitesse de polymerisation est proportionnelle a la concentration de l'ethylene elevee a la quatrieme puissance). La vitesse de polymerisation ne depend que faiblement de l'intensite d'irradiation (elle n'est proportionnelle qu'a l'intensite d'irradiation elevee a la puissance 0,3) alors que le rendement radiochimique et le poids moleculaire moyen des polymeres s'accroissent a mesure que l'intensite d'irradiation diminue. La vitesse du processus et le poids moleculaire accusent une certaine augmentation a mesure que la temperature s'accroit. Les explications possibles des regularites cinetiques observees sont examinees dans le rapport. Le polyethylene obtenu par irradiation se distingue du polyethylene forme sous pression elevee par un accroissement de la densite et du degre de cristallisation. Le polymere qui a une viscosite caracteristique superieure a l'unite (obtenue a une pression de 100 a 200 atmospheres) a les memes proprietes chimiques que le polyethylene forme sous haute pression. (author) [Spanish] Se estudia en este trabajo el proceso de polimerizacion radioinducida del etileno. A fin de acelerar dicho proceso, la reaccion se inicio en soluciones de compuestos organicos: alcoholes, cetonas e hidrocarburos alifaticos. Se demuestra que a una presion constante de 50 atmosferas y a temperatura ambiente, la velocidad de la reaccion en solucion es de diez a quince veces mayor que en fase gaseosa. Los autores han estudiado en detalle la polimerizacion del etileno irradiado con ayuda de una fuente de cobalto-60 en fase gaseosa; para ello, modificaron la presion del etileno (50-300 atmosferas), la dosis especifica (20-160 roentgens/segundo) y la temperatura (0-50{sup o}C). La velocidad del proceso, el rendimiento quimico obtenido por radioinduccion y el peso molecular medio de los polimeros aumentan considerablement e con la presion (entre 50 y 200 atmosferas, la velocidad de polimerizacion es proporcional a la cuarta potencia de la concentracion de etileno). La velocidad de polimerizacion depende poco de la dosis especifica, siendo proporcional a la intensidad de irradiacion elevada a la potencia 0,3, en tanto que el rendimiento quimico obtenido por radioinduccion y el peso molecular medio de los polimeros aumentan a medida que la dosis especifica disminuye. La velocidad del proceso y el peso molecular aumentan ligeramente al crecer la temperatura. Los autores estudian las posibles explicaciones de las leyes cineticas observadas. El polietileno obtenido por irradiacion se distingue del polimero producido a presiones elevadas por su mayor densidad y grado de cristalizacion. En lo que se refiere a sus propiedades mecanicas, el polimero de viscosidad intrinseca superior a la unidad (obtenido a presiones comprendidas entre 100 y 200 atmosferas) se asemeja al polietileno producido a presiones elevadas. (author) [Russian] Issledovan protsess radiatsionnoj polimerizatsii ehtilena. S tsel'yu uvelicheniya skorosti initsiirovaniya provedeno izuchenie polimerizatsii ztilena v rastvorakh organicheskikh veshchestv (spirty, atseton, alifaticheskie uglevodorody) i pokazano, chto pri postoyannom davlenii (50 atm) i komnatnoj temperature skorost' protsessa v rastvore v 10-15 raz vyshe, chem v gazovoj faze. Detal'no izuchen protsess polimerizatsii ehtilena pod vliyaniem izlucheniya kobal'ta{sup -60} v gaze v zavisimosti ot davleniya ehtilena (50-300 atm), moshchnosti dozy (20-160 rentg/sek) i temperatury (0-50{sup o}C). Skorost' protsessa, radiatsionno-khimicheskij vykhod i srednij molekulyarnyj ves polimerov rezko vozrastayut s davleniem (ot 50 do 200 atm skorost' polimerizatsii proportsional'na 4-j stepeni kontsentratsii ehtilena). Skorost' polimerizatsii malo zavisit ot moshchnosti dozy (proportsional'na moshchnosti dozy stepeni 0,3), a radiatsionno-khimicheskij vykhod i srednij molekulyarnyj ves polimerov vozrastayut s umen'sheniem moshchnosti dozy. Skorost' protsessa i molekulyarnyj ves neskol'ko uvelichivayutsya s povysheniem temperatury . Rassmatrivayutsya vozmozhnye ob{sup y}asneniya nablyudaemykh kineticheskikh zakonomernostej . Radiatsionnyj poliehtilen kharakterizuetsya povyshennoj plotnost'yu i kristallichnost'yu (po sravneniyu s poliehtilenom vysokogo davleniya). Polimer, imeyushchij kharakteristicheskuyu vyazkost' vyshe 1 (poluchaemyj pri davlenii ot 100 do 200 atm.), po mekhanicheskim svojstvam blizok k poliehtilenu vysokogo davleniya. (author)}
place = {IAEA}
year = {1960}
month = {Jul}
}