Abstract
The study of cuprous oxide is mainly centered on very thin films, on their structural relationship with the underlying metal, on the importance of the surface state of the latter and on the influence of small quantities of cupric oxide. The thickness of the films has been measured by anodic reduction, the crystal structure and the surface state have bee n analysed by electron diffraction . The electron diffraction apparatus, of an ancient design, is adjusted for electron beams with 0,0705 Angstrom wave-length. The samples are observed under grazing incidence, the roughness of the surface having a very important effect on the form of the diffraction spots. For instance, round projections elongate the spots on a normal to the surface. The copper surfaces, cut out from single crystal blocks are electropolished in phosphoric acid. Then, the metal displays the copper diffraction diagram but with elongated spats. The surface can be considered flat in an area of a few cells. The electrolytic reduction by Allen's method shows, nevertheless; that such surfaces are already covered with a few layers of oxide molecules. If they are ridden of a protective film developed during the polishing, they are quickly covered in water by an
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Frisby, H
[1]
- Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires
Citation Formats
Frisby, H.
A contribution to the study of thin films grown on copper; Contribution a l'etude des films minces d'oxydes formes sur le cuivre.
France: N. p.,
1957.
Web.
Frisby, H.
A contribution to the study of thin films grown on copper; Contribution a l'etude des films minces d'oxydes formes sur le cuivre.
France.
Frisby, H.
1957.
"A contribution to the study of thin films grown on copper; Contribution a l'etude des films minces d'oxydes formes sur le cuivre."
France.
@misc{etde_20953776,
title = {A contribution to the study of thin films grown on copper; Contribution a l'etude des films minces d'oxydes formes sur le cuivre}
author = {Frisby, H}
abstractNote = {The study of cuprous oxide is mainly centered on very thin films, on their structural relationship with the underlying metal, on the importance of the surface state of the latter and on the influence of small quantities of cupric oxide. The thickness of the films has been measured by anodic reduction, the crystal structure and the surface state have bee n analysed by electron diffraction . The electron diffraction apparatus, of an ancient design, is adjusted for electron beams with 0,0705 Angstrom wave-length. The samples are observed under grazing incidence, the roughness of the surface having a very important effect on the form of the diffraction spots. For instance, round projections elongate the spots on a normal to the surface. The copper surfaces, cut out from single crystal blocks are electropolished in phosphoric acid. Then, the metal displays the copper diffraction diagram but with elongated spats. The surface can be considered flat in an area of a few cells. The electrolytic reduction by Allen's method shows, nevertheless; that such surfaces are already covered with a few layers of oxide molecules. If they are ridden of a protective film developed during the polishing, they are quickly covered in water by an oxide layer that grows in a short time to a thickness of 100 Angstrom. It is made of cuprous oxide in crystals of 25 to 30 Angstrom oriented with good accuracy in relation to a crystal axis of the copper generally, a two-fold axis {lambda}{sub 2}. On etched surfaces, the oxide takes approximately the orientation of the metal crystals. By modifying the experimental conditions, it is possible to obtain cupric oxide or cuprous oxide from anodic oxidation in alkaline baths, or by using oxygen peroxide. The disorientation effect produced by small amounts of CuO among the Cu{sub 2}O lattices can thus be studied. Finally, the orienting effect of the cuprous oxide on the copper was investigated by condensing in vacuo the metal on the oxide. It was observed that the first atomic layers of copper have the same orientation as the underlying oxide. (author) [French] L'etude de l'oxyde cuivreux porte essentiellement sur des films tres minces, sur leurs relations structurales avec le metal sous-jacent, sur l'importance de l'etat de surface de celui-ci et sur l'influence des traces d'oxyde cuivrique. L'epaisseur des films a ete mesuree par reduction anodique, la structure cristalline et l'etat de surface ont ete determines par diffraction electronique. Le diffracteur, d'un modele ancien, est regle pour fournir un faisceau d'electrons de 0,0705 Angstrom de longueur d'onde. Les echantillons etant examines sous incidence rasante, les accidents de la surface jouent un role tres important dans la forme des taches de diffraction. En particulier, les protuberances arrondies allongent les taches dans une direction normale a la surface. Les surfaces de cuivre, taillees dans des blocs monocristallins, sont polies electrolytiquement dans l'acide phosphorique. Le metal donne alors le diagramme du cuivre, mais avec des taches allongees. La surface peut etre consideree comme plane dans un domaine de quelques mailles. La reduction electrolytique par la methode d'Allen montre cependant que de telles surfaces sont deja couvertes de quelques couches moleculaires d'oxyde. Si on les debarrasse d'un film protecteur forme au cours du polissage, elles se couvrent rapidement dans l'eau d'une couche d'oxyde qui croit rapidement jusqu'a 100 Angstrom. C'est de L'oxyde cuivreux en cristaux de 25 a 30 Angstrom assez bien orientes par rapport a la surface moyenne du metal et tres imparfaitement par rapport a un axe cristallin du cuivre, (en general, l'axe {lambda}{sub 2}). Sur les surfaces depolies, l'oxyde s'oriente, mais tres incompletement, comme les cristaux du metal. En faisant varier les conditions experimentales, on peut obtenir de l'oxyde cuivrique ou de l'oxyde cuivreux par oxydation anodique en bain alcalin ou par l'action de l'eau oxygenee. On peut ainsi etudier l'effet de desorientation produit par des traces de CuO parmi les mailles de Cu{sub 2}O. Il restait enfin a rechercher le pouvoir d'orientation de l'oxyde cuivreux sur le cuivre, en deposant le metal sur l'oxyde par condensation sous vide. On constate que les premieres couches atomiques du cuivre sont orientees comme leur oxyde. (auteur)}
place = {France}
year = {1957}
month = {Nov}
}
title = {A contribution to the study of thin films grown on copper; Contribution a l'etude des films minces d'oxydes formes sur le cuivre}
author = {Frisby, H}
abstractNote = {The study of cuprous oxide is mainly centered on very thin films, on their structural relationship with the underlying metal, on the importance of the surface state of the latter and on the influence of small quantities of cupric oxide. The thickness of the films has been measured by anodic reduction, the crystal structure and the surface state have bee n analysed by electron diffraction . The electron diffraction apparatus, of an ancient design, is adjusted for electron beams with 0,0705 Angstrom wave-length. The samples are observed under grazing incidence, the roughness of the surface having a very important effect on the form of the diffraction spots. For instance, round projections elongate the spots on a normal to the surface. The copper surfaces, cut out from single crystal blocks are electropolished in phosphoric acid. Then, the metal displays the copper diffraction diagram but with elongated spats. The surface can be considered flat in an area of a few cells. The electrolytic reduction by Allen's method shows, nevertheless; that such surfaces are already covered with a few layers of oxide molecules. If they are ridden of a protective film developed during the polishing, they are quickly covered in water by an oxide layer that grows in a short time to a thickness of 100 Angstrom. It is made of cuprous oxide in crystals of 25 to 30 Angstrom oriented with good accuracy in relation to a crystal axis of the copper generally, a two-fold axis {lambda}{sub 2}. On etched surfaces, the oxide takes approximately the orientation of the metal crystals. By modifying the experimental conditions, it is possible to obtain cupric oxide or cuprous oxide from anodic oxidation in alkaline baths, or by using oxygen peroxide. The disorientation effect produced by small amounts of CuO among the Cu{sub 2}O lattices can thus be studied. Finally, the orienting effect of the cuprous oxide on the copper was investigated by condensing in vacuo the metal on the oxide. It was observed that the first atomic layers of copper have the same orientation as the underlying oxide. (author) [French] L'etude de l'oxyde cuivreux porte essentiellement sur des films tres minces, sur leurs relations structurales avec le metal sous-jacent, sur l'importance de l'etat de surface de celui-ci et sur l'influence des traces d'oxyde cuivrique. L'epaisseur des films a ete mesuree par reduction anodique, la structure cristalline et l'etat de surface ont ete determines par diffraction electronique. Le diffracteur, d'un modele ancien, est regle pour fournir un faisceau d'electrons de 0,0705 Angstrom de longueur d'onde. Les echantillons etant examines sous incidence rasante, les accidents de la surface jouent un role tres important dans la forme des taches de diffraction. En particulier, les protuberances arrondies allongent les taches dans une direction normale a la surface. Les surfaces de cuivre, taillees dans des blocs monocristallins, sont polies electrolytiquement dans l'acide phosphorique. Le metal donne alors le diagramme du cuivre, mais avec des taches allongees. La surface peut etre consideree comme plane dans un domaine de quelques mailles. La reduction electrolytique par la methode d'Allen montre cependant que de telles surfaces sont deja couvertes de quelques couches moleculaires d'oxyde. Si on les debarrasse d'un film protecteur forme au cours du polissage, elles se couvrent rapidement dans l'eau d'une couche d'oxyde qui croit rapidement jusqu'a 100 Angstrom. C'est de L'oxyde cuivreux en cristaux de 25 a 30 Angstrom assez bien orientes par rapport a la surface moyenne du metal et tres imparfaitement par rapport a un axe cristallin du cuivre, (en general, l'axe {lambda}{sub 2}). Sur les surfaces depolies, l'oxyde s'oriente, mais tres incompletement, comme les cristaux du metal. En faisant varier les conditions experimentales, on peut obtenir de l'oxyde cuivrique ou de l'oxyde cuivreux par oxydation anodique en bain alcalin ou par l'action de l'eau oxygenee. On peut ainsi etudier l'effet de desorientation produit par des traces de CuO parmi les mailles de Cu{sub 2}O. Il restait enfin a rechercher le pouvoir d'orientation de l'oxyde cuivreux sur le cuivre, en deposant le metal sur l'oxyde par condensation sous vide. On constate que les premieres couches atomiques du cuivre sont orientees comme leur oxyde. (auteur)}
place = {France}
year = {1957}
month = {Nov}
}